Early Childhood Education
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
Early Childhood Education focuses on the development, learning, and teaching of children from birth to age eight. This course explores foundational theories, key milestones in cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development, and evidence-based practices for supporting young children in diverse educational settings. Students will examine curriculum approaches, classroom management strategies, and the role of families and communities in early childhood learning, while also considering current issues and policies that shape early education.
Recommended Textbook
Early Childhood Experiences in Language Arts Early Literacy 11th Edition by Jeanne M. Machado
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17 Chapters
1251 Verified Questions
1251 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Beginnings of Communication
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe children's first words.
Answer: They are usually familiar and personal words naming people or objects encountered daily.They can also be words such as gone,more,dat,and others used frequently in home conversation or social phrases used in greetings,farewells,or interactive play such as Peek-a-boo.
Q2) Speaking in a low,soothing voice may help an agitated infant attend and listen.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) "Critical" or "plastic" time periods in brain growth refer to
Answer: specific windows of time that may occur from birth to around age 10 or 12,when certain stimuli or environmental experiences may have the opportunity to change the brain's anatomy or make it more efficient.
Q4) Highly repetitive and simplified "parentese" is
A)typical in all cultures.
B)not recommended in the text.
C)inappropriate in some cultures.
D)appropriate,but most mothers need training to do it.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The Tasks of the Toddler
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Teachers may ask toddlers to look at them if they want to communicate with words.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q2) Most human languages are learned without much effort by young children.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q3) Large group story time for toddler care centers is recommended.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q4) Provide two examples of a word and a referent that is not arbitrary.
Answer: hiss,tick-tock,tinkle,woof,clang,or any other word that resembles its sound.
Q5) Toddlers 'brains are as active as adults'.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Preschool Years
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is not professional to point out to children different features of their environment;it is more memorable if they discover it for themselves.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Creative speech for preschoolers evident in group play may include
A)role-playing.
B)imitating a cartoon character.
C)making up a silly saying and repeating it.
D)all of the above
Answer: D
Q3) Preschool playmate friendships become
A)more volatile with age.
B)more fixed and stable with age.
C)more important with age.
D)less important with age.
Answer: B
Q4) When brain synapses are "pruned," they
Answer: are deleted from memory because of weak,poorly reinforced connections.
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Chapter 4: Understanding Differences
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Preschoolers who display outstanding verbal talent may relate details in events that othersignore.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Using accented speech indicates you are an educated person others admire.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain the double bind that young other-than-English-speaking preschoolers may face as they attempt to learn English in their classrooms.
Q4) Most areas in the United States have no history of ethnic or racial diversity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What nonverbal behaviors might young English language learners adopt to communicate their needs and desires?
Q6) There is no urgency in identifying children with language difficulties during the preschool years.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Language delay may occur in what areas of language development?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Achieving Language and Literacy Goals
Through Program Planning
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) List the possible "downsides" of widespread use of standards for early childhood and lower elementary school program planning as discussed in the text.
Q2) Literacy skills are
A)separate entities.
B)nationally standardized.
C)interrelated.
D)all of these answers.
Q3) The periodic assessment of preschool children's abilities is
A)acceptable to early childhood educators.
B)required in all preschools.
C)standard practice.
D)controversial.
Q4) In some preschool teacher-planned language arts activities,teachers will
A)have to practice literary material beforehand.
B)have to separate advanced children from average children.
C)need to ignore the interests of the group and stick to the plan.
D)all of these answers.
Q5) Reggio Emilia is a Spanish curriculum for preschoolers.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Promoting Language and Literacy
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Asking a lot of questions that call for correctly recalled answers is
A)recommended as a teacher interaction technique.
B)helpful in identifying talented or gifted children.
C)not recommended in the text.
D)a technique used by language-promoting teachers.
Q2) Discuss high-level and low-level distancing strategies in adult speech with young children.
Q3) Teachers should keep all their personal interests to themselves.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If a teacher wished to ask thought-provoking questions,according to the text,what should he consider?
Q5) Teachers should
A)connect learning to children's lives purposefully.
B)help children make new intellectual connections.
C)provide for few room distractions.
D)both a and b
Q6) What should a teacher do if he has introduced a new word that is not familiar to the children?
Q7) The term scaffolding is connected to the work of what theorist(s)?
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Chapter 7: Developing Listening Skills
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When two children who are close friends sit together during a teacher story,this may diminish their listening ability.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following typifies good listening skill?
A)being able to hear everything in a room
B)watching a speaker's face
C)mimicking
D)explaining cause and effect
Q3) Activities mentioned in the text to promote phonemic awareness include
A)reading nursery rhymes.
B)discussing alliteration.
C)making alphabet books.
D)all of these answers.
Q4) Emotional problems at home may interfere with a child's ability to listen at school.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What classroom room features should be examined to increase children's ability to hear and understand instruction?
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Chapter 8: Children and Books
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97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nonfiction books usually have fewer opportunities for active child participation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Each child makes his own meaning from read-alouds.
A)True
B)False
Q3) 2 and 3 year olds are more concerned with the characters they encounter in books than 4 year olds.
A)True
B)False
Q4) List three instances for a child to spot an inconsistency by creating 3 teacher statements in which inconsistency is obvious.
Q5) Applying a teacher technique called 'targeting' before reading a book aloud involves promoting vocabulary development.
A)True
B)False
Q6) List some criteria for selecting quality nonfiction books for preschoolers.
Q7) Name two well-known children's picture book awards or medals.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: StoryTelling
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Suggestions for techniques useful for storytelling include
A)being at the child's level.
B)maintaining eye contact.
C)using a prop.
D)all of these answers.
Q2) A teacher should speak aloud the steps she is taking while writing down child dictation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Researchers agree that illustrations,drawings,or photographs should accompany storytelling because the benefit is greater for children compared to storytelling without visuals.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Children develop mental images during teacher storytelling as the story unfolds.
A)True
B)False
Q5) At times,teacher storytelling can have an educative purpose. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Poetry
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50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some poetry motivates child physical movement.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Finding poetry with content familiar to young children is a professional selection criteria.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Create a short example of narrative poetry.
Q4) Mother Goose poetry is out of date for today's young children.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Write a four-line poem that includes some of the special features found in children's classic poetry and identify the features you used.A point will be added to your test score for each feature you use and identify.
Q6) Poetry types include
A)free verse.
B)nonfiction.
C)limerick.
D)both free verse and limerick.
Q7) Provide an example of a short two verse poem that uses a simile.
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Chapter 11: Language Growth Through Flannel Boards, puppetry, and Dramatization
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48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Playacting promotes
A)unhealthy flights of fantasy.
B)confidence and creativity.
C)development of self-expression.
D)both b and c
Q2) Color can be added to teacher-made flannel set figures using a variety of coloring agents.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Stick puppets,shadow puppets,and paper-bag puppets are examples of types of puppets children can make themselves with basic craft supplies and simple directions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) At the time a teacher is presenting a flannel board activity,she also monitors her audience's reactions.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List the sequential steps a teacher might follow to be sure her flannel board presentation runs smoothly.
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Chapter 12: Realizing Speaker Goals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Child costumes for dramatic play should
A)be adult-sized.
B)include a mail carrier's,a firefighter's,and a police officer's uniform.
C)have manageable snaps and elastic.
D)all of these answers.
Q2) A preschool child able to express himself well and who listens well will probably find these skills aid his progress in kindergarten.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The text mentioned that children may use more detailed and complex language when they are retelling familiar stories and are supplied with props.If you are supplying props for Goldilocks and the Three Bears,identify possible props.
Q4) Some young children may experience difficulty in their ability to join other children in "pretend/symbolic" play and may need additional teacher help to do so.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Teacher speech behaviors to avoid include
Q6) Name five popular and common dramatic play centers or kits.
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Chapter 13: Group Times
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Sample Questions
Q1) Aides and volunteers join circle times when possible.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A deciding factor that settles whether all attending children have to be at circle time can be
A)the school's policy.
B)staffing in the classroom.
C)whether a quiet room area exists and children can choose to go there.
D)all the above
Q3) Recognizing each child by name at circle time is unnecessary.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Most kindergarten teachers desire entering children ..?
A)to know alphabet letters and sounds.
B)to know how to use self control.
C)to know how to print their first and last name.
D)to know their telephone number.
Q5) A teacher starts circle times by trying to gain children's attention.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Print-Early Knowledge and Emerging Interest
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86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Young children may know there are spaces between words.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Advocates of brain-based instructional methods believe young children should have wooden,plastic or other three dimensional letter shapes to explore.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Young children approach the act of writing
A)as explorers.
B)as future artists.
C)as experts and masters.
D)as seasoned visitors who know what they are doing.
Q4) Writing centers in a preschool classroom are places where writing tools and paper are only available to teachers.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Preschoolers should be acquainted with using print for some useful purpose.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Reading and Preschoolers
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75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Noted early childhood experts worry that preschool reading-skill instruction activities may
A)reduce play time.
B)intimidate parents.
C)accelerate mental growth.
D)lead kindergartners to be bored in kindergarten.
Q2) Some preschoolers on their own induce the sound of a particular alphabet letter after they know its name.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Studying picture-book illustrations may help beginning readers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Those who study research usually recommend that early literacy instruction in a preschool should concentrate on
A)rhyming,alliteration and fluency,and phonics and printing.
B)letter naming,vocabulary,the alphabet principle,print awareness,and phonics.
C)phonics,rhyming,phonemic awareness,printing,and the alphabet.
D)phonemic awareness,comprehension,vocabulary,and fluency.
Q5) How would you describe a child's disposition to read?
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Developing a Literacy Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) List possible benefits of computer use by young children.
Q2) Communication equipment or audiovisual machines
A)are usually serviced and repaired by parents.
B)are not purchased for children under age 4.
C)will typically need a child training period.
D)are off-limits when a teacher isn't present.
Q3) If using software for young children,one would consider
Q4) Research has confirmed that digital and electronic media is educational for children under age 3.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Most early childhood educators realize that audiovisual equipment and technology are not appropriate for preschoolers.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Displays should be at adult's eye level if possible.
A)True
B)False
Q7) List common rules for classroom computer use.
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Chapter 17: The Family-Center Partnership
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Sample Questions
Q1) Preschoolers frequently watch TV more than 10 hours per week.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Early childhood centers use volunteers for a wide variety of in-class and out-of-class jobs.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Most families are interested in teacher techniques to promote children's language.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Family game playing that includes children
A)usually requires rule-abiding behavior.
B)usually involves focus and memory.
C)often involves language and cognition.
D)all of these answers.
Q5) Video games may be better at promoting violent child behavior than the movies or television.
A)True
B)False
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