Early Childhood Education
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Early Childhood Education is a foundational course that explores the principles, methods, and significance of teaching and nurturing young children from birth to age eight. It examines the cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development of young learners, the role of play and family engagement, as well as best practices for creating inclusive and supportive learning environments. The course also introduces students to curriculum models, assessment strategies, and current research in the field, preparing them to foster a lifelong love of learning in children during their most critical developmental years.
Recommended Textbook Development Across the Life Span 8th Edition by Robert S. Feldman
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19 Chapters
2401 Verified Questions
2401 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Lifespan Development
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216 Verified Questions
216 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To Freud,"superego" and "________" would be considered interchangeable terms.
A)conscience
B)ego
C)unconscious
D)conscious
Answer: A
Q2) Ralph watches the other kindergarten students receive stickers and other rewards from the teacher for sitting at their desks and completing their work.Soon,Ralph begins to behave like the other kindergarten students.This is what type of learning?
A)modeling
B)reinforcement
C)extinction
D)schematizing
Answer: A
Q3) Developmentalists reject the notion that behavior is the sole result of either nature or nurture.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Start of Life: Prenatal Development
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194 Verified Questions
194 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Increasing evidence suggests that ingestion of even small amounts of alcohol and nicotine by a pregnant mother can disrupt the development of the fetus.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The blueprints for creating a person are stored and communicated in our A)zygote. B)genes. C)gametes.
D)ovum.
Answer: B
Q3) Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that runs in families,with some families showing a significantly higher incidence than other families.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Birth and the Newborn Infant
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174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A restriction of oxygen lasting a few minutes that produces cognitive defects,such as language delays and mental retardation due to brain cell death,is called
A)Apgar.
B)anoxia.
C)episiotomy.
D)lanugo.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is a warning sign during delivery that a Cesarean delivery is appropriate?
A)the mother is under 40
B)the labor is taking over two hours
C)the fetus has a sudden change in heart rate
D)the Lamaze techniques are no longer effective
Answer: C
Q3) The exact number of tests performed on a newborn is the same from state to state in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Physical Development in Infancy
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a child has some deficiency in his/her diet,this is called
A)malnutrition.
B)undernutrition.
C)starvation.
D)obesity.
Q2) What is the term for the reflex that does not disappear,and is demonstrated when an infant tries to clear his or her throat?
A)sucking
B)rooting
C)gag
D)startle
Q3) Which of the following tastes does an infant demonstrate a preference for through facial expressions?
A)sweet
B)salty
C)bitter
D)spicy
Q4) Briefly explain the process of "synaptic pruning."
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy
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104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Piaget calls an internal image of a past event or object a
A)mental representation.
B)memory.
C)scheme.
D)pretending.
Q2) Processes that require relatively little attention are ___________;however,processes that require relatively large amounts of attention are ________.
A)controlled;automatic
B)encoded;stored
C)stored;encoded
D)automatic;controlled
Q3) The term used for the overly restrictive use of words,common among children just mastering spoken language,is called
A)holophrasic speech.
B)referential style.
C)overextension.
D)underextension.
Q4) Briefly describe how the information processing approach is analogous to a computer.
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Chapter 6: Social and Personality Development in Infancy
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term that Thomas and Chess used to describe babies who have a positive disposition,whose bodily functions operate regularly,and who are adaptable?
A)difficult babies
B)easy babies
C)slow-to-warm babies
D)low intensity babies
Q2) Infants display a wide range of emotional expressions.Research studies conducted with mothers of 1-month-old infants indicate
A)they observed little emotional expression in infants younger than 6 months old.
B)only joy was observed.
C)most mothers felt their child had expressed interest and joy.
D)most infants had no recognizable emotions during the first 2 months.
Q3) What is the term for an emotional response that corresponds to the feelings of another person?
A)caring
B)pity
C)emotion
D)empathy
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8
Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in the
Preschool Years
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120 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) By age 2,the average youngster in the U.S.weighs around _______ pounds and is close to ________ tall.
A)50-60;43 inches
B)25-30;36 inches
C)40-65;50 inches
D)25-50;38 inches
Q2) Parents in China,Japan,and the United States all see the benefits of preschools in a different way.What do Chinese parents view as the most likely benefit of preschool?
A)academic head start
B)developing a sense of independence
C)experience of being a member of a group
D)learning about the child's family history
Q3) Which of the following fine motor skills can a 3-year-old preschooler perform?
A)draw a person that looks like a person
B)fold paper into triangular designs
C)fitting shaped blocks into matching shaped holes
D)throwing a ball to a friend so a friend can catch it
Q4) Briefly describe the different varieties of early education.
Q5) Briefly discuss when and how children should be toilet trained.
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Chapter 8: Social and Personality Development in the
Preschool Years
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A group of 4- to 7-year-old children play a game of tag on the playground rigidly,assuming that there is only one way to play.This is an example of A)resilience.
B)preschool morality.
C)heteronomous morality.
D)incipient cooperation stage.
Q2) In its most extreme form,_________ parenting results in neglect.
A)permissive
B)authoritative
C)uninvolved
D)authoritarian
Q3) When a child turns 10 years of age,he/she is able to,according to Piaget,be fully aware that formal game rules can be modified if the people playing agree.This is called A)autonomous cooperation.
B)heteronomous morality.
C)incipient cooperation.
D)resilience.
Q4) Briefly give some reasons why parents physically abuse children.
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In almost all developing countries,males and females receive formal education equally.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Antidepressant drugs have received unconditional approval by government regulators for use with children.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Children who show evidence of high performance capability in areas such as intellectual,creative,artistic,leadership,or specific academic fields,are referred to as A)geniuses.
B)special.
C)gifted and talented.
D)special education students.
Q4) Elementary school children in the U.S.grow,on average,________ a year.
A)2 to 3 inches
B)4 to 5 inches
C)1 to 2 inches
D)3 to 4 inches
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Chapter 10: Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to one psychologist,girls view morality in which of the terms below?
A)broad principles of fairness/justice
B)responsibility toward men
C)competition with individuals is a more prominent factor in moral behavior for women than for men
D)gradual transition from selfishness to responsibility,which includes thinking about what would be best for others
Q2) According to psychologist Sandra Hofferth,which of the following is a part of self-care children's development?
A)Given their schedule,self-care children may feel very bored during a period of decompression after school.
B)Self-care children may have fewer opportunities to develop greater autonomy.
C)Self-care children who stay at home rather than "hanging out" unsupervised with friends may avoid activities that lead to difficulties.
D)Self-care children seem more emotionally damaged than children who come home to and are supervised by one parent.
Q3) Briefly explain the major points regarding psychologist Carol Gilligan's moral development for girls.
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to research,which one of the following is a factor with regard to the age of menarche in girls?
A)racial or ethnic background
B)environmental stress and high levels of family conflict
C)eating food that contains animal products
D)age at which her mother's menarche began
Q2) A person with alcohol problems who has learned to depend on alcohol and is unable to control his/her drinking is a(n)
A)addict.
B)enabler.
C)dependent.
D)alcoholic.
Q3) What is the most obvious sign of puberty in girls?
A)increase in height
B)onset of menstruation
C)increase in weight
D)breast development
Q4) Anorexia nervosa is only seen in adolescent girls.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Social and Personality Development in Adolescence
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115 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The suicide rate for other segments of U.S.society has increased at the same rate as for adolescents.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The rate of adolescent suicide has tripled in the last 30 years.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following adolescents is the most likely to develop a degree of autonomy at an early stage of adolescence?
A)Japanese
B)American
C)Chinese
D)Korean
Q4) If an adolescent student is liked by some and disliked by others,that adolescent is considered
A)rejected.
B)popular.
C)controversial.
D)neglected.
Q5) Briefly explain some criticism of Erikson's 8-stage theory of development.
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Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a student assesses the situation to determine how much time he/she has available to devote to studying for an upcoming exam,this is an example of A)academic review.
B)secondary appraisal.
C)primary appraisal.
D)time-management skills.
Q2) All stress-related events are unpleasant.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When people unconsciously try to prevent themselves from experiencing emotions to avoid the pain brought about by the experience,this is known as A)passive-aggressive behavior.
B)emotional insulation.
C)hardiness.
D)emotion-focused coping.
Q4) More men than women attend college.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
Q5) Briefly explain Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence.
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Chapter 14: Social and Personality Development in Early
Adulthood
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The evaluation of a role or person by other relevant members of a group or society is called
A)career consolidation.
B)status.
C)intrinsic motivation.
D)extrinsic motivation.
Q2) The marriage gradient limits the number of potential partners for women.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to Robert Sternberg,when two people enjoy each other's company and their relationship but no longer feel much sexual interest for the other,it is called A)nonlove.
B)liking.
C)companionate love.
D)empty love.
Q4) A Civil Solidarity Pact in France can be more easily dissolved than a legal marriage. A)True
B)False
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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133 Verified Questions
133 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to developmental psychologist K.Warner Schaie,numeric ability tends to increase until the
A)mid-50s,is lower at age 60,and then stays steady.
B)mid-40s,is lower at age 60,and then stays steady.
C)mid-30s,is lower at age 60,and then stays steady.
D)mid-20s,is lower at age 60,and then stays steady.
Q2) Sue's bones have become brittle,fragile,and thin.Her doctor tells her she has
A)osteoporosis.
B)presbyopia.
C)cancer.
D)arthritis.
Q3) Briefly explain the benefits of regular exercise in middle age in relation to the skeletal system.
Q4) According to developmental psychologist K.Warner Schaie,inductive reasoning,spatial orientation,perceptual speed,and verbal memory begin to decline very gradually around age
A)50.
B)30.
C)25. D)40.
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Chapter 16: Social and Personality Development in Middle
Adulthood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to anthropologist Richard Shweder,high-caste Hindu women from the Oriya culture in Orissa,India,view their lives in all of the following ways EXCEPT
A)on the basis of ongoing chronological age and the concept of middle age.
B)on the nature of one's social responsibility.
C)the woman's involvement in family management issues.
D)the woman's moral sense at a given time.
Q2) Critics who argue that immigrants lack the technical knowledge to contribute to the U.S.economy fail to see some fundamental aspects of immigrant success,including which of the following?
A)Most legal and illegal immigrants never succeed financially.
B)Only a few immigrants come to the U.S.to get on welfare.
C)Immigrants do not contribute more to the U.S.economy than they take away.
D)Most immigrants eventually marry into native-born American families.
Q3) What percentage of people who were abused or neglected grows up to be abusive and neglectful to their own children?
A)one-third
B)one-half
C)one-fourth
D)one-fifth
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
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139 Verified Questions
139 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In general,old people tend to be pretty much alike.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is the term for when pressure in the fluid of the eye increases either because it cannot be drained properly or too much fluid is produced?
A)glaucoma
B)myopia
C)age-related macular degeneration
D)cataracts
Q3) Hannah is a strict parent,and does not recall that she got drunk at her senior prom,which does not "fit" with the way she currently views herself.This is an example of A)implicit memory.
B)explicit memory.
C)autobiographical memory.
D)the Pollyanna principle.
Q4) Testosterone declines during adulthood.
A)True
B)False
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Social and Personality Development in Late
Adulthood
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the focus of Daniel Levinson's theory of adult development?
A)reaffirming personality change throughout the course of life from birth to death
B)preparing for death
C)achieving ego transcendence
D)looking at the processes that can lead to personality change as a person grows older
Q2) Which of the following professions was exempted from laws prohibiting a mandatory retirement age?
A)politics
B)literature
C)science
D)public safety
Q3) Neither disengagement theory nor activity theory provides a complete picture of successful aging.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The "Big Five" personality traits remain stable throughout adulthood.
A)True
B)False
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Death and Dying
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103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What do the letters "DNR" on a patient's medical chart mean?
A)"Documents Not Retained"
B)"Deteriorating Neuronal Responses"
C)"Deficient Nitrogen Reserves"
D)"Do Not Resuscitate"
Q2) What is the most frequent cause of death in middle adulthood?
A)cancer
B)heart attack or stroke
C)gun accident
D)automobile accident
Q3) What is the most frequent cause of death during childhood?
A)Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
B)child abuse,malnutrition,and neglect
C)cancers such as leukemia
D)automobile accidents,fires,and drowning
Q4) Which of the following are considered forms of "death education"?
A)hospice care
B)death row counseling
C)death education for members of the helping profession
D)death education for people and families with pets
21
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