Early Childhood Education Final
Exam
Course Introduction
Early Childhood Education explores the foundational principles, theories, and practices related to the development and learning of young children from birth to eight years old. The course examines the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional growth of children within family, community, and educational contexts. Students will gain insights into curriculum design, developmentally appropriate practices, and assessment strategies, as well as the role of play in early learning. Emphasis is placed on the importance of culturally responsive teaching and creating inclusive, supportive environments that foster all aspects of child development.
Recommended Textbook
The Development of Children and Adolescents 1st Edition by Penny Hauser Cram
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16 Chapters
1577 Verified Questions
1577 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Hauser-Cram
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ethnographic methods are derived from
A) Psychology.
B) Anthropology.
C) Archaeology.
D) Sociology.
Answer: B
Q2) Freud's psychoanalytic theory attributes personality development largely to
A) unconscious sources in the mind.
B) conscious sources in the mind.
C) environmental factors.
D) none of these
Answer: A
Q3) Which study can be used to determine cause and effect?
A) correlational study
B) microgenetic study
C) quasi-experimental study
D) none of these
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Biological Foundations of Child Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) David,a musically talented teen,joins the school band.This is an example of an)
_________ genetic-environmental correlation.
A) passive
B) active
C) evocative
D) dynamic
Answer: B
Q2) Who should seek genetic counseling?
A) women over 35
B) those who already have a child with a genetic disorder
C) women who have had two or more miscarriages
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Q3) Translation is
A) RNA misreading DNA.
B) making mRNA.
C) writing genetic code.
D) synthesizing proteins with tRNA.
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development
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97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An) _____________ is what the developing baby is called from 9 to 40 weeks.
A) zygote
B) blastocyst
C) embryo
D) fetus
Answer: D
Q2) The first person to be born using in vitro fertilization IVF) was __________ in 1978.
A) Louise Black
B) Louise Brown
C) Louise Hunter
D) Louise Smith
Answer: B
Q3) The embryoblast becomes the placenta.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Birth and the Newborn
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain why the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale can be utilized in different cultures and environments.
Q2) What is the first sense to develop in a fetus?
A) sight
B) hearing
C) touch
D) smell
Q3) The American Academy of Pediatrics acknowledges that the Apgar Scale can be used to predict long-term outcomes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How do colostrums differ from breast milk?
A) Breast milk contains less protein and less fat, than colostrums.
B) Colostrums contain more protein and less fat, than breast milk.
C) Breast milk contains more protein and more fat, than colostrums.
D) Colostrums contain more fats and less protein than breast milk.
Q5) Identify two different methods to prepare for a birth,as well as the benefits of each approach.
Q6) Identify the risks involved in assisted vaginal delivery.
Q7) What are three common causes of premature birth? )
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Chapter 5: Physical Development and Health in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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100 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Baby Sarah learns to control her head before she can sit up.This is an example of ______________ growth.
A) proximodistal
B) cephalocaudal
C) multidirectional
D) pre reaching
Q2) "Cells that fire together,wire together."
A)True
B)False
Q3) ____________ can be described as a group of permanent disorders in the development of movement and posture.
A) Cerebral palsy
B) Scoliosis
C) Muscular dystrophy
D) Down syndrome
Q4) Every state has early intervention programs because it is mandated by Congress.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
Q5) Discuss the features of a good day-care center.
Q6) Discuss the different forms and cultural issues surrounding co-sleeping.
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Page 8
Chapter 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The idea that infants are born with a certain amount of innate knowledge is called A) tabula rasa.
B) genetic perspective.
C) Core Knowledge.
D) intelligent design.
Q2) _____________ takes various forms,but it enables a child to problem-solve and reach increasingly challenging goals.
A) Scaffolding
B) The Zone of Proximal Development
C) Symbolism
D) Participation
Q3) The behaviorists state that children learn to talk through A) a language acquisition device.
B) imitation.
C) instruction.
D) cognitive functional linguistics.
Q4) Research shows that children benefit from having Smart phones,email and,Twitter. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Psychosocial Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) John had neglectful parents as a child,and now as an adult he finds he is not very trusting of others.He hopes counseling will help him so that he can get married one day.What would you say to John?
A) Your attachment style was set in infancy and it can't change.
B) Yes, it can change if you work through your issues.
C) Medication is a better alternative.
D) Very few people ever really change, so why try?
Q2) Which one of the dimensions of temperament describes how expressive a child is?
A) activity
B) sensory threshold
C) adaptability
D) intensity
Q3) Erikson's ______________stage is when toddlers learn their sense of self.
A) 1st
B) 2nd
C) 3rd
D) 4th
Q4) Temperament is inborn and tends to be stable throughout the life span.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood
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100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Food intolerance occurs
A) in everyone.
B) with picky eaters.
C) in overeaters.
D) if the digestive system lacks a digestive enzyme.
Q2) The leading cause of death in children ages 1 to 5 is
A) unintentional injuries.
B) congenital abnormalities.
C) homicide.
D) cancer.
Q3) Immunizations are
A) good because they prevent disease and death.
B) bad because they cause autism.
C) bad because they hurt children.
D) good because the child bonds with the pediatrician.
Q4) Joey has a peanut allergy.His parents should
A) desensitize him by giving him peanuts at home.
B) spread peanut butter on his arms.
C) have him handle raw peanuts.
D) have him avoid peanuts and peanut products altogether.
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Chapter 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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99 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Egocentric speech occurs when
A) kids vocalize inner speech.
B) children talk about themselves only.
C) the child becomes narcissistic.
D) altruism is present.
Q2) A "cold" executive function involves self-monitoring during A) cognitive tasks.
B) novel tasks.
C) language tasks.
D) emotional tasks.
Q3) Children who utilize inner speech are more attentive and perform better than children who do not.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Hank has learned how to bake cookies after helping his Mom several times.He has learned this through A) guided participation.
B) cooperative learning.
C) scaffolding.
D) the Zone of Proximal Development.
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) If 4-year-old Stevie was asked to describe himself,he would most likely say:
A) I am not good at baseball because Sam is better.
B) I can climb higher than I did last year.
C) I am empathetic.
D) I have blue eyes and I can run fast.
Q2) Babies Jack and Jill are growing up together.Jack watches Jill as she rolls on the floor.This is known as
A) parallel play.
B) cooperative play.
C) nonsocial activity.
D) associative play.
Q3) Millie sees a dump truck in the sandbox and wonders if she likes trucks.She decides she will play with it.Millie is not
A) gender stereotyped.
B) gender identified.
C) gender schematic.
D) gender salient.
Q4) Empathy can be seen in the brain with neuroimaging.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 11: Physical Development and Health in Middle Childhood
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most sports injuries occur during practice.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Phenotype is dependent on __________.
A) genotype
B) environment
C) availability of nutrition
D) genetics and environment
Q3) In middle childhood,cognitive processing,memory,and retrieval ________.
A) plateau
B) improve
C) decrease briefly
D) decrease until adolescence
Q4) Family mealtimes are enhanced by watching television while eating.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss at least three reasons childhood obesity is increasing in America.
Q6) Sports drinks are better for children to rehydrate when playing hard than water.
A)True
B)False Page 14
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Page 15
Chapter 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The area of the brain involved in executive control of mathematical procedures is the A) frontal cortex.
B) prefrontal cortex.
C) parietal lobe.
D) temporal lobe.
Q2) Low IQ test scores alone determine if a child has an intellectual disability.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Children enter Piaget's stage of concrete operations at age ______ years.
A) 5
B) 6
C) 7
D) 8
Q4) Critics believe that the information-processing theory is not a holistic theory of children's cognitive development.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Identify two reasons that children may experience differing levels of selective attention.
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Chapter 13: Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Popular and rejected children tend to maintain the same status throughout childhood.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Bill received a gift that he did not like but he said "thank you" so that Aunt Martha would not be angry.Bill is probably ______ years old.
A) 2
B) 7
C) 11
D) 16
Q3) Some parts of the brain control aspects of social skills and processing.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Research shows that the effects of parental divorce on children are_____________.
A) nonsignificant
B) hard only for boys
C) hard only for girls
D) difficult for both boys and girls
Q5) Discuss the two kinds of popularity in middle childhood.
Page 17
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Chapter 14: Physical Development and Health in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the hypothalamus begins to secrete GnRH,____________ has occurred.
A) gonadarche
B) adrenarche
C) puberty
D) menarche
Q2) Virginity pledges are most effective ____________.
A) when the whole school takes the pledge
B) when it is taken by a small group of Christian students in a secular high school
C) when it is taken in a small religious school
D) when the senior class pledges together
Q3) A significant factor in teen motor vehicle accidents is _____________.
A) texting
B) peers in the car
C) alcohol
D) all of the above
Q4) Discuss the role of parents in managing a teen's diabetes.
Q5) Discuss the reasons why motor vehicles are such a high cause of injury for teens and present some ideas on what can be done to prevent accidents.
Q6) Explain the types and effectiveness of sex education programs.
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Chapter 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Training tutors to use a structured approach and ask certain types of questions helps the ______________ the most.
A)tutee
B)tutor
C)both the tutee and the tutor
D)neither.It should be individualized.
Q2) The stage of cognitive development that Piaget said is typical of teens is the ____________stage.
A) Sensorimotor
B) Preoperational
C) Concrete
D) Formal
Q3) The committee that establishes policies and procedures about student retention is part of the____________.
A)microsystem
B)mesosystem
C)exosystem
D)macrosystem
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Chapter 16: Psychosocial Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The diathesis-stress model of depression states that
A) one must have a predisposition to develop disorder.
B) there is an environmental disturbance.
C) internal and external factors influence the development of depression.
D) All of these.
Q2) Conflict always results in poor outcomes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) It is important for parents to avoid showing __________ when addressing conflict with their adolescents).
A) aggression
B) hostility
C) bias
D) prejudgment
Q4) All individuals will reach Substage 5 of Kohlberg's Stage Theory before the end of adulthood.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the immigrant paradox,and how does it affect first-,second-,and third-generation immigrants,and why?
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