Chapter 4: Birth and Physical Development During the First
Three Years
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Q1) PKU (phenylketonuria)is
A)a form of neonatal jaundice.
B)so rare that screening for it is not worthwhile.
C)screened for routinely in most states.
D)found in about 1 in 100 newborns,which makes routine screening appropriate.
Q2) Binocular vision,the ability to focus both eyes on the same object at the same time,usually does not develop until __________ months of age.
A)4/5
B)6/7
C)8/9
D)10/11
Q3) The major motor achievement of infancy is
A)talking.
B)walking
C)running.
D)touching.
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Chapter 5: Cognitive Development During the First Three Years
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Q1) An important function of habituation seems to be
A)to increase attention to repetitive stimuli.
B)the conservation of energy.
C)to prevent important stimuli from overstimulating a baby.
D)to increase the rate of sucking responses.
Q2) A child who calls a dog a "bow-wow" and also calls a cat a "bow-wow" is A)overextending.
B)overregularizing.
C)using a monophrase.
D)using syntax.
Q3) Classically conditioned learning will fade or become extinct if it is not A)punished.
B)reinforced.
C)ignored.
D)dishabituated.
Q4) Which of the following describes the correct status of Piaget's theory?
A)It has continued to be accepted with modifications.
B)Later research has revealed this theory to be deeply flawed.
C)Piaget's theory has stimulated little research.
D)Piaget's theory was influential only in the early 1950s.
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Chapter 6: Psychosocial Development During the First
Three Years
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Q1) Which of the following statements about the influence of daycare on cognitive development of toddlers is FALSE?
A)Children from disadvantaged families benefit most from a good daycare.
B)Children in a daycare often develop language skills faster than children raised at home.
C)Cognitive gains from daycare are present for several years after the daycare experience.
D)Daycare children demonstrate superior eye-hand coordination.
Q2) Daniel's mother is going to have a second child.To minimize sibling rivalry,she would be well advised to
A)play down the approaching birth.
B)wait to move Daniel out of the nursery until after the new baby's birth.
C)encourage Daniel to help with the new baby.
D)avoid discussing ideas for the new baby's name with Daniel.
Q3) Which of the following is the foundation of socialization?
A)Self-awareness
B)Self-description
C)Self-regulation
D)Self-recognition
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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Q1) According to Vygotsky,a child who is in the "zone of proximal development" is A)almost ready to perform a particular cognitive task independently.
B)in a transition between sensorimotor and preoperational thought.
C)able to perform certain cognition tasks at a later-than-normal age.
D)physically close to the mother,who provides a secure base from which to explore.
Q2) Piaget proposed that children begin to develop a theory of mind when they are around
A)18 months old.
B)6 years old.
C)3 years old.
D)9 years old.
Q3) Bart has just begun to use prepositions.While riding on the bus,he says to his mother,"A lady is sitting behind you." Bart is probably how old?
A)2 to 3 years
B)3 to 5 years
C)5 to 7 years
D)7 to 9 years
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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Q1) Which of the following elements is NOT included by Robert Sternberg in his triarchic theory of intelligence?
A)Componential
B)Experiential
C)Contextual
D)Conceptual
Q2) Generalizing from the text,which of the following children would have the greatest chance of being obese?
A)A girl from China
B)A Mexican-American boy
C)A white female child
D)A white male child
Q3) Jimmy is trying to learn his phone number and address.He tells his father,"Maybe if I say it to myself a hundred times,I will be able to remember it." Jimmy is demonstrating that he is beginning to appreciate
A)protomemory.
B)metamemory.
C)meta analysis.
D)elaboration.
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Chapter 10: Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood
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Q1) Angela thinks it is important to be pretty and smart,and knows that she is both.She also values her popularity at the high school.However,Angela's self-esteem is likely to suffer if
A)her physical appearance begins to change.
B)she has trouble in any of her classes.
C)she does not feel valued by the important people in her life.
D)she has trouble in athletics.
Q2) Jeremy is picked on and bullied by his classmates on a daily basis.Jeremy probably demonstrates the characteristic of A)defenselessness.
B)popularity.
C)uncontrolled aggression.
D)high self-esteem.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a type of nontraditional family structure referred to in the textbook?
A)Two-parent families
B)Single-parent families
C)Gay and lesbian families
D)Grandparent-headed families
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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Q1) The awareness and monitoring of one's own mental processes and strategies is called
A)cognition.
B)metacognition.
C)bilateral cognition.
D)processing.
Q2) Which of the following is a central organizing experience in most adolescents' lives?
A)Home
B)School
C)Church
D)Family
Q3) Although most adolescents who attempt suicide do it by taking pills,the method of those who succeed is most likely to be
A)carbon monoxide.
B)an intentional car crash.
C)overdose of recreational drugs.
D)a firearm.
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Chapter 12: Psychosocial Development in Adolescence
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Q1) By early adolescence,peer interactions are centering on A)dyadic relationships.
B)cliques.
C)crowds.
D)sibling bonds.
Q2) The best safeguard for teens who are sexually active is the consistent use of A)jellies or creams.
B)condoms.
C)morning-after pills.
D)birth-control pills.
Q3) The average girl in the United States has her first sexual intercourse at age A)14.
B)15.
C)16.
D)17.
Q4) Sexual orientation seems to be determined at least partly by A)genetics.
B)early exposure to electromagnetic fields.
C)cognitive constancy.
D)emotional imitation.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood
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Q1) In the United States,HIV has been most prevalent among A)lesbian and heterosexual women.
B)heterosexual men and IV drug users.
C)homosexual men and IV drug users.
D)bisexual women and prostitutes
Q2) Bob can drink more alcohol than anyone else in the college dorm.He and his friends are impressed by his ability to drink,but as a developmentalist,you know Bob is A)less likely to become a risky drinker than the person who gets drunk.
B)likely to realize that he has a drinking problem and seek rehab.
C)developing a tolerance for alcohol.
D)likely to stop drinking due to the small effect it has.
Q3) The leading cause of death among young adults is A)accidents.
B)suicide.
C)heart disease.
D)homicide.
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Chapter 14: Psychosocial Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood
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Q1) Which of the following statements about stepparenthood is true?
A)Parents tend to side with their own biological children in disputes.
B)Women seem to adjust to the raising of stepchildren better than men.
C)Stepparents seem to experience more marital conflict than people in intact families.
D)Stepchildren are no more difficult to rear than biological children.
Q2) The cultural expectations for the proper timing of life events,such as getting married or retiring,are called
A)nonnormative sequences.
B)the social clock.
C)temporal schemas.
D)age-consciousness.
Q3) Dean is at Levinson's age-30 transition.Which of the following would he be most likely to do?
A)Form a "dream"
B)"Become his own man"
C)Acquire a mentor
D)Reexamine his first life structure
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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Q1) People in middle adulthood are likely to be involved in A)running departments.
B)children leaving home.
C)caring for aging parents.
D)All of these
Q2) There is no consensus on specific biological or social events that mark the beginning or the end of middle age.All of the following are considered in determining this period EXCEPT
A)the biological aspect,with subjective upper limits due to improved health.
B)the context of family and whether children are grown or still at home.
C)a person's marital status.
D)arbitrary assignment based on chronological age span from 40 to 65.
Q3) Betty,at age 52,has signed up for a class at her local community college.If she is like most mature learners,in comparison with her younger classmates,she is likely to
A)focus more on classroom learning.
B)be more highly motivated.
C)have sharper academic skills.
D)receive more support from friends and family.
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Chapter 16: Psychosocial Development in Middle Adulthood
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Q1) Adam is 42 years old and in the midst of his midlife transition.According to Carl Jung's analysis of midlife,Adam needs to accomplish two important tasks for a successful transition:
A)to become more extroverted and more involved with family.
B)to become more assertive and more achievement-oriented.
C)to give up the image of youth and acknowledge one's eventual death.
D)to increase generativity and decrease stagnation.
Q2) Terri and her husband moved out of state several years after their marriage.They attend family gatherings and send cards for the appropriate events but have little emotional attachment to either of their families.Their relationships would be
A)sociable.
B)tight-knit.
C)obligatory.
D)detached.
Q3) According to Jung,during the midlife transition,men and women
A)turn inward to express previously suppressed aspects of personality.
B)concentrate on obligations to family and society.
C)become less self-centered and more empathic.
D)do not change significantly,since personality is set in childhood.
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Chapter 17: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
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Q1) Which of the following terms is used for the theory that bodies age in accordance with a normal developmental pattern built into every organism?
A)Genetic programming
B)Wear-and-tear
C)Primary aging
D)Secondary aging
Q2) One reason that the United States ranks 33rd among industrialized countries in healthy life expectancy rates is due to
A)hardiness of rural residents over city dwellers who face more population density.
B)a small number of HIV-related deaths compared to other countries.
C)fairly high levels of violence.
D)low rates of coronary heart disease.
Q3) Which of the following will NOT be an area of innovation in the 21st century to accommodate the physical needs of an aging population?
A)Aids in vision
B)Aids in hearing
C)Aids to manual dexterity
D)Aids to think better
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Chapter 18: Psychosocial Development in Late Adulthood
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Q1) One of the reasons that older adults do not want to be absorbed into their children's households is
A)they will be older than everyone else in the household.
B)they will be isolated from their friends.
C)they will feel very helpful and family won't feel like an intrusion.
D)they are tired of being independent and welcome others' assistance.
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE about the use of emotion-focused coping in adulthood?
A)Older adults use it more often than younger adults.
B)Older adults gradually become unable to use this coping strategy.
C)Older and younger adults use this strategy equally often.
D)Younger adults tend to use it in nonemotional situations.
Q3) Which of the following choices about working is available to older adults?
A)Early retirement
B)Retiring from one career to start another
C)Working part-time
D)All of these
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Chapter 19: Dealing With Death and Bereavement
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Q1) Approximately _____ of women are widowed by age 65.
A)20%
B)30%
C)50%
D)60%
Q2) All of the following are stages of grief work EXCEPT
A)memories of the dead person are mingled with sadness rather than sharp pain.
B)there is a preoccupation with memories of the loved one.
C)family must rid themselves of all of the objects that bring painful memories.
D)overwhelming feelings of sadness and frequent crying over the loss occur.
Q3) Children between the ages of 5 and 7 finally understand some basic tenets about death.All of the following are apparent to children at this age EXCEPT
A)what financial losses might mean to the family.
B)that death is irreversible.
C)that all living things die,making death universal.
D)all functions cease at death and cannot be revived.
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