Digital and Analog Electronics Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
This course provides an in-depth exploration of the principles and applications of both digital and analog electronics. Students will study the foundational concepts of electronic circuits, including diodes, transistors, amplifiers, and operational amplifiers in analog systems. The digital segment covers Boolean algebra, logic gates, combinational and sequential logic circuits, flip-flops, counters, and basic microprocessor concepts. Emphasis is placed on circuit analysis, design, troubleshooting, and real-world applications in both domains, preparing students for advanced work in electronics, embedded systems, and related fields. Laboratory sessions complement theoretical knowledge with hands-on experience in constructing, testing, and analyzing electronic circuits.
Recommended Textbook
Electronic Principles 8th Edition by Albert Paul Malvino Dr
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) A solder bridge
A) is a poor solder connection.
B) is also called a cold-solder joint.
C) effectively shorts any device between two conducting lines.
D) effectively opens any device between two conducting lines.
Answer: C
Q2) A formula is a rule that relates quantities.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) A breadboard is
A) a shelf used to store components.
B) a circuit often built with solderless connections.
C) a small printed circuit board.
D) a schematic diagram of a circuit.
Answer: B
Q4) The second approximation of a dc voltage source includes internal resistance.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Semoconductors
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Q1) A silicon diode will allow a continuous current in the forward direction,if the source voltage is
A) greater than 0.7 V.
B) equal to 7.7 V.
C) less than 0.7 V.
D) zero.
Answer: A
Q2) When the departure of an electron creates a vacancy in the valence orbit,it is called a
A) hole.
B) vacant electron.
C) polarized electron.
D) negative ion.
Answer: A
Q3) As dipoles build up,the region near the pn junction is void of all charges and is called the restoration layer.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Diode Theory Key
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Sample Questions
Q1) The maximum forward current is one of the maximum ratings given on a data sheet.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) All silicon diodes have a knee voltage of approximately ________.
A) 0.7 V
B) 0.4 V
C) 1.4 V
D) 1.7 V
Answer: A
Q3) When an accurate analysis of a diode circuit is required,
A) the value of the bulk resistance of the diode is necessary.
B) the value of maximum power dissipation of the diode is necessary.
C) the value of the depletion layer resistance of the diode is necessary.
D) the value of maximum reverse current of the diode is necessary.
Answer: A
Q4) Surface mount diodes are large and ine cient.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Diode Circuits
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Q1) Phasing dots that appear at the upper ends of the transformer's schematic symbol mean that the dotted ends have the
A) same instantaneous phase.
B) opposite instantaneous phase.
C) iron core insert.
D) connection for 60 Hz input.
Q2) What is the circuit called that adds a dc voltage to the signal?
A) rectifier
B) filter
C) clamper
D) clipper
Q3) A diode circuit used to protect a sensitive circuit is called a ________.
A) fuse
B) rectifier
C) filter
D) limiter
Q4) The dc value of a signal is the same as the effective value.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Special-Purpose Diodes Key
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Q1) The capacitance exhibited by a varactor diode is controlled by ________.
A) voltage
B) current
C) parallel circuits
D) resistance
Q2) A zener diode is sometimes called a voltage-regulator diode because it maintains a constant output voltage even though the current through it changes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A shorted component is equivalent to a resistance of zero,and an open component is equivalent to a resistance of infinity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The power dissipation of a zener diode equals the product of its current and resistance.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: BJT Fumdamentals
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Q1) In an npn transistor,the emitter and collector are both n-type materials.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In most applications,a small-signal transistor is not fan-cooled
A) but it does have a heat sink.
B) and it does not have a heat sink.
C) but it can be used as a power transistor.
D) and case temperatures are usually above 30°C.
Q3) The emitter current in a bipolar junction transistor is equal to the sum of the collector and base currents.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A bipolar junction transistor has two doped regions.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which region of the transistor is physically the largest?
A) collector
B) emitter
C) base
D) beta
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Chapter 7: BJT Biasing
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Q1) What should a troubleshooter do if the base,collector,and emitter voltages in a transistor circuit all measure 0 V?
A) replace the transistor
B) check supply voltage and leads
C) disconnect base resistors
D) check collector resistor
Q2) With a pnp transistor,the base-emitter junction will be forward biased
A) when the emitter voltage is 0.7 V above the base voltage.
B) when the emitter voltage is 0.7 V below the base voltage.
C) when the transistor is in cut-off.
D) when the collector voltage is 0.7 V above the base voltage.
Q3) Collector-feedback bias is also called
A) self-bias.
B) collector follower.
C) negative collector.
D) voltage-divider.
Q4) A firm voltage divider means that the collector current will be approximately 10 percent lower than the stiff value.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
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Chapter 7: Basic BJT Amplifiers
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a method used to analyze an amplifier in which each source is calculated separately while the other source is reduced to zero?
A) Kirchoff's Laws
B) Fourier's analysis
C) Lenz's Law
D) superposition
Q2) Discrete means all components like resistors,capacitors,and transistors are created and connected on a chip,a piece of semiconductor material.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If excessive hum is heard coming out of a loudspeaker,one of the prime suspects is a shorted diode in the power supply.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Distortion is undesirable in high-fidelity amplifiers because
A) it changes the sound of voice and music.
B) it amplifies the sound of voice and music.
C) it trips a circuit breaker.
D) it cannot be heard in either speaker.
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Chapter 9: Multistage,CC,and CB Amplifiers
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Q1) In conjunction with a zener diode,the emitter follower can
A) provide amplified full-wave rectification.
B) provide amplified and filtered dc voltages.
C) produce regulated voltages with large output currents.
D) produce unregulated voltages.
Q2) The CB amplifier is most often used
A) as an audio amplifier.
B) in low frequency applications.
C) in high frequency applications.
D) in high fidelity audio applications.
Q3) If two or more amplifiers are connected to form a multistage amplifier
A) gain remains constant.
B) gain increases.
C) gain is reduced.
D) more attenuation results.
Q4) How is the total voltage gain of a multistage amplifier calculated?
A) sum of individual gains
B) difference of individual gains
C) product of individual gains
D) it is the gain of one amplifier
11
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Chapter 10: Power Amplifiers
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Q1) When the ac load impedance of a tank circuit is maximum and purely resistive
A) the circuit is off resonance.
B) the circuit is resonant.
C) the circuit is inductive.
D) the circuit is capacitive.
Q2) If an amplifier circuit has a high quality factor (Q),the bandwidth is
A) large.
B) small.
C) equal to the upper half-power frequency.
D) dependant on the power supply.
Q3) The input signal in a class C circuit is amplified to get a large output power with an efficiency approaching
A) 15 percent.
B) 50 percent.
C) 75 percent.
D) 100 percent.
Q4) An amplifier can be described by their class of operation,by their interstage coupling,or by their frequency range.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: JFETS
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which instrument cannot be used in the testing of a JFET?
A) curve tracer
B) oscilloscope
C) watt meter
D) DMM
Q2) Because of the large spread in JFET parameters,which method of biasing cannot be used?
A) gate
B) VDB
C) two supply
D) current source
Q3) The current drain to source with a shorted gate (I<sub>DSS</sub> )is the maximum drain current a JFET can produce.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why is gate bias the worst method to bias a JFET in the active region?
A) because the operating point is too unstable
B) because the operating point is too stable
C) because the Q point is at pinchoff
D) because the gate is forward biased
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Mosfets
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Sample Questions
Q1) Depletion-mode MOSFETs can operate with only a positive gate voltage.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Personal computers have proliferated because of what semiconductor device?
A) BJT
B) E-MOSFET
C) JFET
D) depletion-mode MOSFET
Q3) Why are some MOSFETs manufactured with built-in zener diodes in parallel with the gate and the source?
A) to regulate output voltages
B) to prevent damage from static charges
C) to rectify ac input
D) to produce filtered dc output
Q4) A signal that is discontinuous and jumps between two distinct voltage levels is called ________.
A) analog
B) digital
C) cosine wave
D) sine wave
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Thyristors
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Q1) Reducing the supply voltage,interruption,and forced commutation are all methods of accomplishing what?
A) turning on an SCR
B) turning off an SCR
C) turning on a Schockley diode
D) turning on a triac
Q2) To avoid false triggering,what data sheet rating must not be exceeded?
A) critical rate of breakover
B) critical rate of current rise
C) critical rate of voltage rise
D) critical rate of triggering
Q3) Commercially available SCRs have anode currents that extend as high as ________.
A) 50 mA
B) 100 mA
C) 7 A
D) 70 A
Q4) The only way to close a four-layer diode is by applying a trigger signal.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Frequency Effects
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Q1) A Bode plot is a graph that uses decibels and provides more information about the amplifier's response outside the midband.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In music,the word octave refers to eight times the frequency.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In a dc amplifier,all the frequencies from zero up to the cutoff frequency is referred to as the
A) roll off.
B) maximum band.
C) notch frequencies.
D) bandwidth.
Q4) An entry on a data sheet that lists the frequency limitation of an op amp is the
A) unity-gain frequency.
B) reverse breakover frequency.
C) cutoff frequency.
D) notch frequency.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Differential Amplifiers
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Q1) The input impedance of a diff amp is
A) half as high as a single common-emitter stage.
B) twice as high as a single common-emitter stage.
C) the same as a single common-emitter stage.
D) four times as high as a single common-emitter stage.
Q2) The input impedance of a diff amp is half as high as a single common-emitter amplifier.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The formula used to convert the CMRR to decibels is
A) 10 log CMRR.
B) 20 log CMRR.
C) 30 log CMRR.
D) 40 log CMRR.
Q4) The + symbol when used with an input of an op amp represents A) the inverting input.
B) the noninverting input.
C) the differential input.
D) the single-ended input.
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Chapter 16: Operational Amplifiers
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Q1) The maximum output current the op amp can produce is called the A) maximum output current.
B) open-circuit output current.
C) short-circuit output current.
D) open-loop output current.
Q2) The 741C op amp has an open-loop voltage gain of approximately ________.
A) 200
B) 2000
C) 20,000
D) 200,000
Q3) An IC amplifier that has a flat response over a very broad range of frequencies and finds applications in such instruments as oscilloscopes,copiers,and scanners is the A) power amp.
B) medium-level amp.
C) video amp.
D) preamp.
Q4) When an op amp has no feedback path or loop,the voltage gain is minimum.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Negative Feedback
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Q1) Nonlinear distortion called harmonic distortion can be measured with an oscilloscope.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Negative feedback can stabilize voltage gain,increase input impedance,and decrease output impedance.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Loop gain is the op amp's voltage gain of the forward and feedback paths.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A current-controlled current source has a
A) very low input impedance and a very high output impedance.
B) very high input impedance and a very low output impedance.
C) very high input impedance and a very high output impedance.
D) very low input impedance and a very low output impedance.
Q5) A voltage-controlled current source (VCIS)is also called a voltage-to-current converter.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Linear OP AMP Circuits
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Q1) Using a bypass capacitor in an ac-coupled noninverting op amp minimizes the output offset voltage.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What transducer converts a change in temperature into a change in resistance?
A) thermometer
B) thermocouple
C) thermistor
D) thyristor
Q3) A voltage reference is a circuit that produces an extremely accurate and stable output voltage.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Advantages of a noninverting op amp circuit include stable voltage gain,high input impedance,and low output impedance.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The output of a linear op amp circuit has the same shape as the input signal.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Active Filters Key
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Q1) Passive filters are built with resistors,capacitors,and op amps.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The graph of a filter's voltage gain versus its frequency is the filter's
A) amplification factor.
B) overall gain.
C) frequency response.
D) passband.
Q3) A first-order filter can implement only a Butterworth response because first-order stages have no
A) resonant frequency.
B) capacitors.
C) resistors.
D) active devices.
Q4) The bandstop filter is sometimes called a notch filter because it removes all frequencies in the stopband.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Nonlinear Op-Amp Circuit Applications Key
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Q1) Linear circuits include comparators,waveshapers,and active diode circuits.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Monolithic op amps are inexpensive,versatile,and reliable.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When the output swing of a zero-crossing detector is too large for some applications,back-to-back zener diodes are used to
A) filter the output.
B) clamp the output to a dc level.
C) bound the output.
D) rectify the output.
Q4) A differentiator can be configured by using
A) an LC circuit.
B) an RC circuit.
C) a resonant tank circuit.
D) a pi filter.
Q5) A Schmitt trigger always produces a rectangular output.
A)True
B)False
22
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Chapter 21: Oscillators Key
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Q1) The frequency where the output of a lead-lag circuit is maximum is called the resonant frequency.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An amplifier with positive feedback and no external input will A) play music.
B) oscillate.
C) blow a fuse.
D) do nothing.
Q3) A Hartley oscillator uses a tapped resistor to provide the feedback signal.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A standard oscillator circuit used for low to moderate frequencies in the range of 5 Hz to 1 MHz and the one almost always used in commercial audio generators is the
A) Hartley
B) Armstrong
C) Wien-bridge
D) phase-shift
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Chapter 22: Regulated Power Supplies Key
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Q1) The term that expresses how much the load voltage changes when the load current changes is the
A) load regulation
B) line regulation
C) output regulation.
D) output resistance.
Q2) One advantage of a switching regulator is that it is simple to design and build.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A switching regulator can hold the output voltage constant under varying line and load conditions by
A) using a twin-T filter.
B) changing the duty cycle.
C) using a crow-bar circuit.
D) using direct coupling.
Q4) A well designed power supply has a
A) small line regulation.
B) large line regulation.
C) high output resistance.
D) high load regulation.
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