Diagnostic Imaging Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Diagnostic Imaging is a course designed to introduce students to the principles, techniques, and applications of imaging modalities used in medical diagnosis. The curriculum covers foundational concepts in radiology, including X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and nuclear medicine, emphasizing their roles in the detection and evaluation of various diseases and conditions. Students will learn about image interpretation, safety protocols, and the technical aspects of imaging equipment, alongside clinical indications and contraindications. Case studies and practical exercises are incorporated to enhance critical thinking and prepare students for real-world diagnostic challenges in healthcare settings.
Recommended Textbook
Computed Tomography Physical Principles Clinical Applications and Quality Control 3rd Edition
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Chapter 1: Computed Tomography: An Overview
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Q1) ADC
A)Determine tissue types in computed tomography slices
B)Algorithms
C)Image storage
D)Computed tomography dose descriptor
E)Converting electrical signals into digital data
F)Surface-based rendering
Answer: E
Q2) Cardiac computed tomography applications include, but are not limited to, quantitative assessment of coronary artery calcifications and ventricular function assessment.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) In 1996, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved real-time computed tomography fluoroscopy as a clinical tool for use in radiology.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Introduction to Computers
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Q1) The following are examples of applications software except:
A)Microsoft Works
B)First Choice
C)Framework
D)MS-DOS
Answer: D
Q2) The analog-to-digital converter:
A)converts analog input into digital data
B)converts digital data into analog data
C)converts binary digits into voltage
D)converts binary digits into a computed tomography image
Answer: A
Q3) Natural languages include acronyms such as BASIC, COBOL, and FORTRAN.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Computers are now used in radiology to process images.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Digital Image Processing
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Q1) What is the purpose of the host computer in a digital image processing system?
Answer: The purpose of the host computer in a digital image processing system is to perform several major tasks such as reading and writing the stored image date, store data on disks or tapes, and communicate images from one point to another. In digital image processing, the host computer is a primary component capable of performing several functions. For example, the host computer can read and write the data in the image store and provide for archival storage on tape and disk storage systems. The host computer plays a significant role in applications that involve the transmission of images to another location, such as medical imaging.
Q2) The contraction for "picture element" is:
A)pixel
B)voxel
C)matrix
D)address
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Physical Principles of Computed Tomography
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Q1) The most obvious difference between computed tomography and radiography is that:
A)computed tomography shows cross-sectional images or transaxial anatomy
B)radiography uses sodium iodide detectors
C)a computer is used to produce the film in radiography
D)radiography shows cross-sectional images
Q2) Data acquisition in computed tomography refers to:
A)acquiring the information from the detectors
B)acquiring the information from the computer
C)acquiring information from the patient by using special motions of the x-ray tube and detectors
D)processing the information from the patient
Q3) How many pixels make up a computed tomography image whose matrix size is 512 * 512?
A)100,000
B)1024
C)262,144
D)512
Q4) The second step of data acquisition is scanning.
A)True
B)False
6
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Chapter 5: Data Acquisition Concepts
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gas ionization chambers were first introduced in second-generation scanners.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A view in computed tomography is:
A)a specific way in which the patient is positioned with respect to the detectors
B)the total attenuation as measured by the detector
C)a collection of rays for one translation across the object
D)a single straight line path of an x-ray beam
Q3) Filtration
A)Data acquisition system
B)Flashes of light
C)Beam hardening
D)Xenon gas
E)Slice thickness
F)Photodiode
G)Continuous gantry rotation
Q4) Photodiodes are now used in computed tomography scintillation detectors.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Image Reconstruction
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Q1) Which of the following removes the classical star pattern (blur) of the back-projection algorithm?
I. filtered back projection
II. interpolation
III. convolution
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
Q2) The Fourier transform is a technique for estimating a function from known values on both sides of it.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Fourier transform
A)Set of rules for solving a problem
B)Mathematical technique of value estimation
C)Converts signals in the spatial domain to the frequency domain
D)Digital image processing
E)Linear superposition method
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Basic Instrumentation
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Q1) All of the following are examples of image visualization and analysis software tools except:
A)computed tomography view
B)multiplanar reformation
C)MasterCut
D)liquid crystal display
Q2) Quality control equipment is part of the equipment specifications for computed tomography.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The computer system for computed tomography includes all of the following except:
A)detector electronics
B)input-output devices
C)the central processing unit
D)array processors and back-projector
Q4) Typical operating modes include priority scan mode and static scan mode.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Image Postprocessing and Visualization Tools
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Q1) A narrow window width implies that the transition from black to white will take place over a wide range of computed tomography numbers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The window width in computed tomography is the:
A)center of a range of computed tomography numbers
B)pixel depth
C)range of computed tomography numbers
D)dimension of the matrix
Q3) Which of the following are advantages to reformatted images?
I. enable visualization of specific structures
II. determine true extent of lesions and fractures
III. provide images more pleasing to the eye
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
Q4) Windowing is the most common image processing technique in computed tomography.
A)True
B)False
10
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Chapter 9: Image Quality
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Q1) Both voluntary and involuntary motion appears as ____________ that are usually tangential to the high-contrast edges of the moving part.
A)streaks
B)shading
C)bands
D)rings
Q2) One of the disadvantages of computed tomography over conventional radiography is its ability to observe low-contrast objects whose density is slightly different from the background.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What refers to an increase in the mean energy of the x-ray beam as it passes through the patient?
A)beam hardening
B)attenuation
C)scatter radiation
D)partial volume
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11
Chapter 10: Radiation Dose in Computed Tomography
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Q1) What dose-response model is a radiation risk model most favored by radiobiologists in estimating the risk of exposure in radiology?
A)linear threshold
B)linear nonthreshold
C)nonlinear threshold
D)nonlinear nonthreshold
Q2) What is used to measure exposure?
A)Geiger counter
B)ionization chamber
C)detector chamber
D)scintillation detector
Q3) What dose descriptor is used to describe a measurement of the total amount of exposure for a series of scans?
A)computed tomography dose index volume
B)dose-length product
C)multiple-scan average dose
D)single-scan peak dose
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12
Chapter 11: Single-Slice Spiralhelical Computed
Tomography: Physical Principles and Instrumentation
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Q1) Which of the following can eliminate motion artifacts? I. calculation of a planar data set
II. increased scan speed
III. reconstruction of images
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
Q2) All the following are typical scan parameters for spiral/helical computed tomography scanners except:
A)table speed
B)scan range
C)number of revolutions
D)patient size
Q3) Even with slip-ring technology, long high-tension cables are needed for data transfer.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Multislice Spiralhelical Computed Tomography:
Physical Principles and Instrumentation
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Q1) Pitch directly relates to:
I. patient comfort
II. patient dose
III. volume scanned
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
Q2) Which of the following is/are types of detectors used in multislice computed tomography scanners?
I. hybrid detectors
II. nonuniform detectors
III. uniform detectors
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
Q3) A pitch greater than 1 will result in an increased dose.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Other Technical Applications of Computed
Tomography Imaging: Basic Principles
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Q1) During data acquisition in computed tomography fluoroscopy, the patient remains stationary.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Computed tomography simulation
A)Used in radiation oncology departments
B)Used to measure bone mineral density
C)Imaging of vascular structures with the use of intravenous contrast
D)Real-time computed tomography
E)Used to image critically ill patients
F)Used to image asymptomatic patients
Q3) The image reconstruction space refers to the spacing between the center of the slices.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The size of the needle and site of injection are not important during a computed tomographic angiography examination.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography:
Basic Concepts
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Q1) All of the following are tissue types used for voxel classification except:
A)bone
B)connective
C)fat
D)soft tissue
Q2) Only some of the information collected from the voxels that compose each of the scanned slices goes to the computer for image reconstruction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Slice imaging is the most complex of all three-dimensional imaging.
A)True
B)False
Q4) An internal representation of surfaces that will be visible in the displayed image and then "lights" according to a standard protocol describes:
A)multiplanar rendering
B)surface rendering
C)volume rendering
D)voxel rendering
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Virtual Reality Imaging
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Q1) In the semiautomatic mode of __________ the user selects objects to include the data set through the use of windowing.
A)three-dimensional rendering
B)image segmentation
C)surface rendering
D)volume extraction
Q2) What is the first step in virtual endoscopy imaging?
A)careful selection of scan parameters
B)image segmentation
C)three-dimensional rendering
D)image display
Q3) Which of the following is a technique whereby three-dimensional surfaces are extracted from a volume or whereby voxels are extracted from a volume into another three-dimensional segmented region?
A)three-dimensional rendering
B)image segmentation
C)multiplanar reconstruction
D)volume extraction
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17
Chapter 16: Positron Emission Tomographycomputed
Tomography Scanners
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Q1) A modern positron emission tomography scanner might contain tens of thousands of small scintillating detectors.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A transmission scan is first acquired without the patient in place, which is called a:
A)blank scan
B)first scan
C)review scan
D)scout scan
Q3) An atom that has too many protons or too many neutrons or they are configured in such a way so as to render the nucleus unstable, is said to be a(n):
A)alpha particle
B)beta particle
C)radioactive atom
D)gamma atom
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Computed Tomography of the Head, Cerebral Vessels,
Neck, and Spine
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Q1) Which images are particularly useful for assessing bone when the plane of the bone runs parallel to the axial slice?
A)axial
B)coronal
C)oblique
D)sagittal
Q2) A standard dose of contrast is administered for each type of examination on the basis of the patient's weight, up to a maximum.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In children, a steeply angled plane is used to scan the brain to avoid radiating the ocular lens.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Computed tomography has largely replaced plain films of the cervical spine in cases of trauma.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Computed Tomography of the Body
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Q1) Abdomen and pelvis scans are commonly obtained with the patient in a _________ position.
A)left lateral
B)right lateral
C)prone
D)supine
Q2) 85-350 HU
A)Clotted blood
B)Extravasated contrast
C)Ascites, bile, urine, or bowel contents
D)Unclotted blood
Q3) Computed tomographic imaging of skeletal trauma includes anatomical regions of the:
I. ankle
II. pelvis
III. shoulder
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
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Chapter 19: Pediatric Computed Tomography
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Q1) When positioning the patient for computed tomography of the brain and face, it is not important to have the head centered in the gantry.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Characterization of fractures and congenital abnormalities of the skeletal system are not well visualized by computed tomography.
A)True
B)False
Q3) To minimize the risk of infection to the neonatal patient, technologists should do all of the following except:
A)change into surgical scrubs
B)remove rings and watches
C)wash hands thoroughly
D)wear a cover gown
Q4) It is not necessary to keep resuscitative supplies in the computed tomography room. A)True
B)False
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21
Chapter 20: Quality Control for Computed Tomography
Scanners
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Q1) Regulatory agencies do not require any standard of quality.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Computed tomography scanner manufacturers do not offer any information regarding quality control testing.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The following quality control tests should be done biannually except:
A)high-contrast resolution
B)low-contrast resolution
C)light field accuracy
D)flatness of computed tomography number
Q4) Quality control tests must be performed on a routine basis.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A possible cause of failure for the high-contrast resolution quality control test is that of an enlarged focal spot in the x-ray tube.
A)True
B)False
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