Developmental Psychopathology Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Developmental Psychopathology explores the origins and progression of psychological disorders from childhood through adolescence and into adulthood. The course focuses on how biological, psychological, and environmental factors interact to influence the emergence and trajectory of atypical behaviors and mental health conditions. Students will examine key theories, research methods, and diagnostic criteria, as well as the risk and protective factors that shape developmental outcomes. Through case studies and empirical research, the course emphasizes the importance of early identification, prevention, and intervention strategies for promoting healthy psychological development.
Recommended Textbook
Abnormal Psychology An Integrative Approach 5th Edition by David H. Barlow
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16 Chapters
1759 Verified Questions
1759 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Abnormal Behaviour in Historical Context
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why was electroconvulsive therapy originally used as a therapy for schizophrenia?
A) because it was (mistakenly) observed that schizophrenia was rarely found in people with epilepsy
B) because it was (mistakenly) observed that it could reduce brain seizures, providing a cure
C) because it was (mistakenly) observed to induce convulsions and stimulated appetite in psychotic patients
D) because it was (mistakenly) observed to alleviate the depression that often accompanies schizophrenia
Answer: A
Q2) In 14th- and 15th-century Europe,to what was inexplicable behaviour attributed?
A) evil
B) stupidity
C) humors
D) astrology
Answer: A
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3
Chapter 2: An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology
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110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When people with and without support groups are studied,what have researchers found?
A) Support groups are the most important factor predicting social and physical health.
B) Having a supportive group of people around us is important to our psychological well- being but not our physical health.
C) Social support is important but mostly for those individuals who are at high risk for various physical or psychological disorders.
D) Having a supportive group of people around us is important to our physical health but not our psychological well-being.
Answer: A
Q2) Maya has experienced brain damage that has left her with difficulty sleeping and the problem of being hyperaroused.Which area of the brain was most likely damaged?
A) the pons
B) the medulla
C) the hypothalamus
D) the reticular activating system
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is considered the most significant difference between the DSM-IV-R to the DSM-5?
A) The axis system has been eliminated.
B) Several disorders, such as Asperger's syndrome, have been eliminated.
C) Several disorders, such as gambling addiction, have been added.
D) The DSM 5 stipulates a treatment plan and not just a diagnosis.
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is NOT part of a clinical assessment?
A) evaluation of financial factors
B) evaluation of biological factors
C) evaluation of social factors
D) evaluation of psychological factors
Answer: A
Q3) For what purpose does the process of clinical assessment result in narrowing the focus?
A) to consider a broad range of problems
B) to focus on "inter" and "intra" personal problems equally
C) to concentrate on problem areas that seem most relevant
D) to uncover all possible causes of stress in the person's life
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Research Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Ahmed is studying the psychological experiences of the residents of Fort McMurray,Alberta,following the devastating fire that engulfed the town.What research method is Dr.Ahmed MOST likely using?
A) the experiment
B) the longitudinal study
C) the correlational model
D) the case study
Q2) Explain the unique ways that monozygotic twins raised in separate environments help us to understand the genetic influences of psychopathology.
Q3) Which of the following makes it difficult to determine the genetic components of psychological disorders by using family studies?
A) physical similarities
B) shared genes
C) the same socioeconomic conditions
D) the fact that family members live together
Q4) Define the term "hypothesis" and create two different testable hypotheses regarding possible causes of depression.
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Chapter 5: Anxiety,Trauma-Related,and
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does the term "thought-action fusion" mean when used to describe the obsessional thinking pattern of persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder?
A) using rituals to suppress or eliminate unacceptable or persistent thoughts
B) being unable to put one's thoughts into action without severe anxiety
C) equating thoughts with the specific activity represented by the thoughts
D) behaving compulsively even when no obsession has been identified
Q2) Which of the following symptoms often accompanies obsessive-compulsive disorder?
A) panic attacks
B) delusions
C) specific phobia
D) social anxiety disorder
Q3) Compare and contrast obsessive-compulsive disorder with the other anxiety disorders.Define the terms "obsession" and "compulsion" and give examples.Explain how they are related to each other (i.e.,why and how compulsions often develop after obsessional thinking develops).
Q4) Why is anxiety termed "a future-oriented mood state," and fear an "alarm reaction to actual present danger"? Discuss biological and psychological similarities and differences between these emotional events.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Vince has been under a lot of stress.One morning he awakens to find he is totally blind.At his physician's office,Vince says he is upset by the loss of his eyesight,but he appears to be totally calm.Which of the following can best explain Vince's lack of emotional reaction?
A) malingering
B) la belle indifférence
C) emotional compensation
D) Munchausen syndrome
Q2) Somatization disorder and antisocial personality disorder are often associated with gender.Which of the following best describes this relationship?
A) Somatization disorder is more common among males, and it reflects high dependency.
B) Somatization disorder is more common among females, and it reflects high dependency.
C) Somatization disorder is more common among males, and it reflects high aggression.
D) Somatization disorder is more common among females, and it reflects high aggression.
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Chapter 7: Mood Disorders and Suicide
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which personality disorder is impulsive suicidal behaviour often a symptom of?
A) borderline personality disorder
B) obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
C) paranoid personality disorder
D) schizoid personality disorder
Q2) Ms.Barr experienced the death of a close friend three months ago.She is so depressed that she has no appetite or energy,and she is suicidal.What would most mental health professionals conclude that Ms.Barr is experiencing?
A) a depressive episode that is unrelated to the loss, because it has been three months
B) a grief reaction within normal limits
C) a pathological grief reaction
D) a grief reaction that is considered within normal limits unless she actually attempts suicide
Q3) Dr.Yu is giving a lecture on depression.She emphasizes that:
A) the best treatment for depression is always medication
B) depression is mostly a problem of university-aged women and the elderly
C) depression does not increase the risk of suicide
D) depressive symptoms occur in most people at some point in their lives
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9
Chapter 8: Eating and Sleep-Wake Disorders
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the differences between nightmares and sleep terrors? Describe what we know about sleep terrors,including the age at which it generally occurs and how it has been treated?
Q2) The textbook has identified two subtypes of anorexia nervosa.Which of the following occurs in the "restricting type"?
A) Individuals do not limit caloric intake but engage in excessive exercising and fitness regimes.
B) Individuals diet to limit calorie intake.
C) Individuals use purging and limit calorie intake.
D) Individuals rely on purging.
Q3) What do genetic influences on eating disorders most likely involve?
A) a specific gene for each actual eating disorder
B) inherited, nonspecific personality traits that may make development of an eating disorder more likely
C) multiple genes interacting in ways not yet determined that directly produce eating disordered behaviour
D) recessive genes
Q4) Describe the psychological treatments that are generally used for the treatment of primary insomnia.
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Chapter 9: Physical Disorders and Health Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some studies indicate that the value of denial as a coping mechanism for illness may depend on one thing more than anything else.What is it?
A) the gender of the patient
B) the type of illness
C) the severity of the illness
D) timing
Q2) Researchers studying baboons found that subordinate animals,unlike dominant animals,continually secrete cortisol,probably because their lives are so stressful.What did the researchers discover about the subordinate males' HPA axis?
A) It is less sensitive to the effects of cortisol and therefore less efficient in turning off the stress response.
B) It is more sensitive to the effects of cortisol and therefore less efficient in turning off the stress response.
C) It is associated with an increased sensitivity of the pituitary gland.
D) It is associated with a decreased sensitivity of the pituitary gland.
Q3) Discuss why stress is often implicated as a factor in cardiovascular disease.Define type A personality; discuss research regarding its validity.
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11
Chapter 10: Sexual Dysfunctions,Paraphilic Disorders,and Gender Dysphoria
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105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ben went to his doctor complaining of erectile dysfunction.A subsequent sleep study found that Ben does not have penile erections while sleeping.Which of the following can be concluded by Ben's doctor
A) His erectile dysfunction is not simply the result of worrying about sexual performance while in a sexual setting
B) A side effect of a prescribed medication is the cause of his erectile dysfunction.
C) His erectile dysfunction is caused by a medical problem.
D) A psychological difficulty may be the cause of his erectile dysfunction.
Q2) Which of the following principles does orgasmic reconditioning use?
A) reinforcement of appropriate arousal
B) extinction of inappropriate arousal
C) reinforcement of self-control
D) punishment of inappropriate arousal
Q3) What side effect do approximately 30 percent of Viagra users experience?
A) groin pain
B) dizziness
C) addiction
D) severe headache
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Chapter 11: Substance-Related,Addictive,and
Impulse-Control Disorders
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119 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Yesterday,you took a couple of aspirin tablets.In behaviourist terms,what is aspirin?
A) a positive reinforcer
B) a neutral reinforcer
C) a negative reinforcer
D) a variable reinforcer
Q2) Discuss the current research and theories regarding the progression of alcohol-use disorders.How do current ideas contrast with Jellinek's model?
Q3) Which the following is NOT a symptom of withdrawal from alcohol?
A) delirium tremens
B) hallucinations
C) hypersomnia
D) nausea and/or vomiting
Q4) Jack has been showing hallucinations,panic,and paranoid delusions.What type of substance has he most likely taken too much of?
A) amphetamine
B) alcohol
C) Seconal
D) Xanax
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Chapter 12: Personality Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Theo is a loner.He walks to class by himself,does not talk to anyone,and appears indifferent to other people.It is clear that Theo neither desires nor enjoys closeness with others.He does not act in any obviously unusual ways nor does he appear to possess strange beliefs about the world.Which personality disorder does Theo most likely have?
A) schizotypal personality disorder
B) schizoid personality disorder
C) avoidant personality disorder
D) antisocial personality disorder
Q2) Marielle has histrionic personality disorder.Her family has asked Marielle's psychiatrist whether there is any treatment that can help reduce her problematic behaviours.What is the psychiatrist MOST likely to say?
A) "Strict behavioural programs have been shown to be effective in controlled research."
B) "There are no well-controlled studies demonstrating success."
C) "Cognitive therapy is most effective."
D) "Patients who voluntarily attend therapy tend to get better."
Q3) Describe the basic features of antisocial personality disorder.Why is psychotherapy with this population so likely to fail?
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Chapter 13: Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
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107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the 1970s,Paul and Lentz applied behavioural principles in the form of a token economy to a traditional inpatient environment.What was the result?
A) Fewer patients recovered from severe schizophrenic symptoms.
B) Fewer patients were able to be discharged.
C) More patients were able to be discharged.
D) More patients recovered from severe schizophrenic symptoms.
Q2) What is Cotard's syndrome?
A) the belief that people are out to get you
B) the belief that a body part has changed in some impossible way
C) the belief that you are a famous or important person
D) the belief that a familiar person is actually a double
Q3) What kind of treatment did researchers hope would improve patient compliance in taking antipsychotic medication?
A) skin patches worn for several months
B) pills taken once a week instead of daily
C) liquids instead of pills
D) injections every few weeks
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the impairments in social interaction,communication,and activities typically experienced by individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
Q2) Anne's son Evan has ADHD,but she doesn't want to give him medication.What alternative treatment could Anne choose?
A) brief, inpatient treatment at a specialty hospital
B) individual cognitive-behavioural therapy
C) social-skills training
D) behavioural programs and parent training
Q3) Monty is a three-year-old boy who has recently been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.He appears completely unresponsive to his parents and shows no indication of any language development.Monty seems uninterested in communication of any kind,and he has rituals-such as lining up his toys and realigning them every few minutes.If interrupted,he becomes hysterical.Monty's IQ score was extremely low.Why can we expect his prognosis to be poor?
A) primarily because of his ritualistic behaviour and disinterest in his parents
B) primarily because of his early age of onset and lack of language acquisition
C) primarily because of his low IQ and early age of onset
D) primarily because of his lack of language acquisition and low IQ
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Chapter 15: Neurocognitive Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is one of the distinguishing characteristics between disability due to cognitive functions and disability due to psychological conditions?
A) There is a much greater genetic contribution to disability due to cognitive functions than there is for disability due to psychological conditions.
B) Disability due to cognitive functions is more frequent after age 65; disability due to psychological conditions is less frequent after age 65.
C) Disability due to psychological conditions is more frequent after age 65; disability due to cognitive functions is less frequent after age 65.
D) Disability due to cognitive functions is mostly organic in origin; disability due to psychological conditions is mostly psychosocial in origin.
Q2) Assume that you had a relative who was beginning to develop significant deficits associated with early neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease.Describe several compensating strategies that you could help develop to aid the individual's functioning.What kinds of tools could the patient use to keep from getting lost,to remember important information,and to stay safe? Be creative!
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Chapter 16: Mental Health Services: Legal and Ethical Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) What do the clinical efficacy axis and the clinical utility axis of the APA clinical practice guidelines refer to?
A) generalizability and feasibility, respectively
B) internal validity and external validity, respectively
C) feasibility and generalizability, respectively
D) external validity and internal validity, respectively
Q2) Although electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)is an effective treatment for some,it is extremely frightening to patients,many of whom refuse it.The treatment also requires sophisticated procedures and close supervision by medical personnel,usually in a hospital setting.According to the APA clinical practice guidelines,what would this procedure be considered low in?
A) generalizability
B) feasibility
C) ethicality
D) utility
Q3) Discuss research studies on the relationship between mental illness,dangerousness,and self-harm.Describe symptoms that correlate with an increased risk of violence and self-harm among the mentally ill.Describe the differential perceptions and judgments made of women and ethnic minorities.
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