Developmental Psychology Review Questions
Course Introduction
Developmental Psychology explores the patterns and processes of human growth and change across the lifespan, from infancy through late adulthood. This course examines major theories, research methods, and key findings in areas such as cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development. Students will analyze how biological, environmental, and cultural factors influence developmental trajectories and consider applications to real-world contexts such as education, parenting, and healthcare. Special emphasis is placed on understanding the interplay between nature and nurture, as well as the unique challenges and milestones that occur at different life stages.
Recommended Textbook
Child Development 1st canadian Edition by John W Santrock
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16 Chapters
1605 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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146 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two-year-old Benjamin asserts his independence and realizes his will.He tests his parents' boundaries.Based on Erikson's psychosocial theory,if he is restrained or punished too harshly,he is likely to develop A)guilt.
B)despair.
C)identity confusion.
D)shame and doubt.
Answer: D
Q2) Many of today's psychoanalytic theorists maintain that Freud overemphasized
A)conscious thought
B)cultural experiences
C)sexual instincts
D)All of these are incorrect statements.
Answer: C
Q3) List the five stages of childhood development.
Answer: Prenatal,infancy,early childhood,middle and late childhood,adolescence.
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Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________________ is the study of the degree and nature of behaviour's hereditary basis.
A)Biodynamics
B)Canalization
C)Behaviour genetics
D)Environmental influences
Answer: C
Q2) Ken has been diagnosed with phenylketonuria.If left untreated,what will result?
A)death
B)blindness
C)intellectual disability and hyperactivity
D)language problems and hearing loss
Answer: C
Q3) The activity of genes,or __________________,is affected by the environment and by hormones that circulate in the blood.
A)reproduction
B)genetic expression
C)genetic stability
D)meiosis
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two-year-old Donald has below-average intelligence,a heart defect,and facial deformities.Based on this description,a physician would likely hypothesize that Donald's mother
A)smoked throughout her pregnancy.
B)was exposed to German measles during her pregnancy.
C)drank alcohol throughout her pregnancy.
D)had AIDS when she was carrying Donald.
Answer: C
Q2) List the three periods of prenatal development.
Answer: germinal,embryonic,and fetal
Q3) When is the developing nervous system least vulnerable to teratogens after conception?
A)1 to 2 days
B)1 to 2 weeks
C)1 to 2 months
D)in the final month
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Physical Development and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) A neuron is a(an)_______ cell that handles information _______________ at the cellular level.
A)transmission; adaptation
B)underdeveloped; transition
C)nerve; processing
D)nerve; interpretation
Q2) Which combination is the most noticeable aspect of female pubertal development?
A)breasts enlarge; pubic hair appears
B)deeper voice; pubic hair appears
C)a halt in the growth spurt; breasts enlarge D)breasts enlarge; an extreme growth spurt
Q3) Risk of SIDS is highest at ________ months of age.
A)1 to 2
B)2 to 4
C)4 to 6
D)6 to 8
Q4) List two threats to a child's healthy development,not including illnesses and injuries.
Q5) In physical development,a child will most likely experience a growth spurt.Explain the concept of a growth spurt.
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Chapter 5: Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not a fine motor skill?
A)grasping a toy to play
B)using a spoon to eat
C)running across the playground
D)zipping a jacket to go play outside
Q2) In various cultures,mothers stimulate infants' motor development through techniques such as stroking,massaging,or stretching.These infants
A)often reach milestones later than children without the physical stimulation.
B)often reach milestones at the same time as children without the physical stimulation.
C)often reach milestones earlier than children without the physical stimulation.
D)are not consistent enough in their development to draw conclusions.
Q3) Which statement below is not true about babies' postures?
A)After 2 months, infants can hold their heads erect.
B)By 2 months of age, babies can sit while supported on someone's lap.
C)By 6 or 7 months, babies should be able to sit independently.
D)By 8 or 9 months, babies can usually pull themselves up and hold on to a chair.
Q4) List two reasons why circumcisions were performed in the past without any anesthesia.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Cognitive Developmental Approaches
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following processes except ________________ are stressed by Piaget as being essential to cognitive development.
A)imprinting
B)schemes
C)assimilation
D)equilibration
Q2) As a diligent parent,John has read many books on child development.One idea that he found especially fascinating was the zone of proximal development.How could he determine the lower limit of his daughter's zone of proximal development concerning the letters of the alphabet?
A)determine her current stage of Piagetian development
B)record how many letters she can correctly identify on her own
C)record how many letters she can correctly identify after intensive adult assistance
D)give her a short-term memory task unrelated to letters of the alphabet
Q3) Identify and describe 3 of the 6 ways that Piaget has contributed to the field of education.
Q4) Describe three different things a person would see in a second-grade classroom designed using Jean Piaget's approach to learning.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Information Processing
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a person is encoding information into memory,it is important to pay attention.A critical skill of paying attention is:
A)mental resource.
B)selectivity.
C)lack of focus.
D)shifting.
Q2) Although they lack many of the expressive abilities of adults,the fact that very young infants _____ serves as the foundation of habituation tasks,which have greatly increased our knowledge concerning infants' information-processing capacities.
A)get bored
B)have excellent visual skills
C)can generate simple mental images
D)can be taught to produce simple phonemes
Q3) Name and explain three types of memory.
Q4) How does the information-processing approach compare with Piaget's theory?
Q5) Explain the basic concepts of the information-processing approach.
Q6) List three mental states that 2-year-old Cole can start to understand.
Q7) Compare and contrast the methods of constructing memories with scheme theory and fuzzy trace theory.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Intelligence can only be evaluated indirectly by:
A)studying the intelligent acts that people perform.
B)comparing the intelligent acts that people perform.
C)both of these.
D)none of these.
Q2) The stable and consistent ways that people are different from one another describes:
A)Gardner's theory.
B)individual differences.
C)Binet's testing.
D)cognitive challenges.
Q3) What is the formula for the intelligence quotient?
A)IQ = MA/CA × 100
B)IQ = CA/MA × 100
C)IQ = MA/CA ÷ 100
D)IQ = CA/MA ÷ 100
Q4) Many early intelligence tests were culturally biased,favouring people who were from urban rather than rural environments,middle-socioeconomic status rather than low-socioeconomic status,and white rather than African American.Explain this concept and how it applies to the modern testing movement.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Language Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) The meanings of words and sentences is referred to as:
A)syntax.
B)pragmatics.
C)semantics.
D)phonology.
Q2) What is one thing that parents should not do if their child is slow in developing language skills?
A)Give the child opportunities to talk.
B)Talk often and read to the child.
C)Use deliberate methods to teach their child to talk.
D)Provide a rich verbal environment.
Q3) Broca's area is to speech production as:
A)Wernicke's area is to language comprehension.
B)Bruner is to language acquisition support system.
C)Chomsky is to language acquisition device.
D)Skinner is to reinforcement.
Q4) Identify the primary things learned from the Wild Boy of Aveyron and the Wild Child,Genie.
Q5) Compare and contrast phonology and morphology.
Q6) List six symptoms or characteristics involved with Williams syndrome.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Emotional Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a critic of the Strange Situation technique,what is the best argument against it?
A)It is too artificial and needs to be in a natural environment.
B)It is expensive to conduct.
C)It relies too heavily on personal interviews.
D)It needs to be modified to include both caregiver and infant.
Q2) Who developed the Strange Situation technique?
A)Harry Harlow
B)Erik Erikson
C)Richard Lazarus
D)Mary Ainsworth
Q3) Compare and contrast the emotion-coaching and emotion-dismissing approaches.
Q4) Which of the following statements about stranger anxiety is false?
A)Stranger anxiety emerges gradually.
B)Not every infant goes through this phase.
C)This phase is not normal behaviour and should be brought to the pediatrician's attention.
D)When an infant feels secure they are less likely to experience stranger anxiety.
Q5) Describe the various child-care arrangements in Canada.
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Chapter 11: The Self and Identity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the five main characteristics of self-understanding in young children.
Q2) If a child receives empty praise,it is likely that the child will have
A)appropriate self-esteem.
B)inflated self-esteem.
C)deflated self-esteem.
D)None of these.
Q3) Who proposed four statuses of identity,or ways of resolving the identity crisis?
A)Susan Harter
B)James Marcia
C)Henry Tajfel
D)Carl Rogers
Q4) One afternoon while finger painting,2-year-old Chelsey itches her nose.Later in the day while passing a mirror she sees herself,stops,and wipes a colorful smudge mark off her nose.In doing so,Chelsey has demonstrated visual
A)connectedness.
B)self-recognition.
C)diffusion.
D)ethnocentrism.
Q5) Compare and contrast self-esteem and self-concept.
Q6) Describe and give one example of social cognition.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) There is a concern about boys who adopt a strong masculine role in
A)early childhood.
B)the primary years.
C)adolescence.
D)college.
Q2) There are many physical similarities and differences between males and females.List a few of these similarities and differences.
Q3) If you observed a child who was getting rewards and/or punishments when he/she experienced gender-appropriate and inappropriate behaviour,you could associate it with
A)psychoanalytic theory.
B)humanistic theory.
C)social cognitive theory.
D)cognitive-developmental theory.
Q4) An individual with what gender-role orientation is the most mentally healthy?
A)masculine
B)feminine
C)androgynous
D)undifferentiated
Q5) Compare and contrast an androgynous girl and boy.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Moral Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) The aspect of personality that is present when individuals have moral notions and commitments that are central to their lives is called moral
A)identity.
B)convention.
C)dilemma.
D)reasoning.
Q2) Social-cognitive domain theory states that there are different domains of social knowledge and reasoning,including all of the following except:
A)moral
B)social conventional
C)personal
D)emotional
Q3) When Tim sees his daughter Tess finish second in the national spelling bee,he says to himself,"I'll bet that Tess feels both excited and disappointed." Tim's thought indicates that he is
A)sharing.
B)a behaviourist.
C)operating at the individualism and purpose stage of moral reasoning.
D)capable of perspective taking.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) In terms of the age of the child,researchers have found that _________________________ is an especially difficult time for the formation of a stepfamily.
A)early childhood
B)primary-school children
C)elementary-school children
D)early adolescence
Q2) Susie and John are getting a divorce.They want to make the transition appropriately for their children.What would be important for Susie and John to do for their children?
Q3) Who proposed three types of parenting that are associated with different aspects of the child's social behaviour?
A)Mary Ainsworth
B)Diana Baumrind
C)Albert Bandura
D)Erik Erikson
Q4) Define reciprocal socialization and provide two examples.
Q5) Tehra is a mother of three children.She is skilled at making friends,sharing with others,and leading others.What characteristics would you expect her children to display?
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Chapter 15: Peers
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bullies are a very troubled group.What might you expect in this group?
A)They display the highest level of conduct problems.
B)They display the highest level of school problems.
C)They display the highest level of relationship problems.
D)All of these.
Q2) Which one of the following statements does not fit with the concept of peer relations?
A)Peer relations are more likely to occur on an equal basis.
B)Peer relations do not encourage children to formulate and assert their own opinions.
C)Peer relations encourage children to appreciate the perspective of peers.
D)Peer relations do not encourage children to hold back their ideas in terms of negotiating solutions.
Q3) Which of the following 15-year-olds is the most likely to be poorly adjusted?
A)Sarah, who lost her virginity at age 13
B)Cecile, who is considering losing her virginity with her 16-year-old boyfriend
C)Jane, who has never had a boyfriend
D)Michelle, who has been dating her boyfriend for six months
Q4) Identify the six functions of friendship and give one example of each.
Q5) Describe the difference between an early and a late bloomer.
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Chapter 16: Schools and Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) As an elementary school sixth-grader,Nathan had a great deal of status.In addition to being president of the student council,he was one of the most physically large and athletically gifted students in the school.As a seventh-grader in a new middle school,Nathan now finds himself one of the youngest and least powerful individuals in the school.Nathan is experiencing the
A)back-to-basics movement.
B)bane of puberty.
C)top-dog phenomenon.
D)back-door phenomenon.
Q2) ___________________ is based on internal factors such as self-determination,curiosity,challenge,and effort
A)Intrinsic motivation
B)Extrinsic motivation
C)Punishments and rewards method
D)Self-determination method
Q3) Describe Project Head Start.
Q4) List the three characteristics of ADHD.
Q5) Compare and contrast external and internal motivation.
Q6) Compare and contrast mastery motivation and performance orientation.
Q7) List five positives and five negatives of technology on our lives today.
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