Developmental Psychology Research Methods Final Exam https://quizplus.com/study-set/1809 14 Chapters 912 Verified Questions
Developmental Psychology Research Methods Final Exam Course Introduction This course explores the fundamental research methods used in developmental psychology, focusing on the scientific study of human growth and change across the lifespan. Students will learn about research design, data collection techniques, observational and experimental methodologies, and ethical considerations specific to studying infants, children, adolescents, and adults. Emphasis will be placed on interpreting empirical findings, critically evaluating research literature, and designing methodologically sound studies to investigate developmental processes. The course prepares students to both understand and contribute to the field through rigorous scientific inquiry.
Recommended Textbook Research Methods in Psychology Evaluating a World of Information 3rd Edition by Beth Morling
Available Study Resources on Quizplus 14 Chapters 912 Verified Questions 912 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1809
Page 2
Chapter 1: Psychology Is a Way of Thinking Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35957
Sample Questions Q1) Which of the following is a reason that a journalist may misrepresent a psychology study in a magazine? A)The peer-review process for journalists sometimes makes them miss important facts. B)Journalists may count on their readers to check the original scientific journal. C)Journalists may not personally have the scientific background to understand the study. D)Journalists are unethical. Answer: C Q2) Explain why we do not say that a single study proves a theory or that a single study disproves a theory. Answer: A single study does not prove a theory because although a study today may find support for a theory,a study done tomorrow may not find support for that theory.A single study cannot disprove a theory because the single study may have been poorly conducted.Further,students may also mention that a disconfirming study may mean that the theory may need to be amended or altered rather than completely dismissed. Q3) What are the three components of a good theory? Answer: A good theory is falsifiable,supported by data,and parsimonious. To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Sources of Information: Why Research Is Best and How to Find It Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35958
Sample Questions Q1) Describe two pros and two cons of reading about scientific research in popular magazines compared with reading about research in scientific journals. Answer: Two of the pros could include: it is easier to read,it can provide interesting new ideas,the articles may be easier to access since one does not need a library or subscription of a journal;and two of the cons could include: the research described may not be accurately reported,the research may not be important in the field. Q2) When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose," which two questions should you ask yourself as you read? A)"What is the argument?" and "What is the evidence to support the argument?" B)"What were the methods?" and "What are the results?" C)"What is the hypothesis?" and "What are the explanations?" D)"What research exists on this topic?" and "What research needs to be conducted to answer the question?" Answer: A Q3) Name four examples of biases of intuition. Answer: Examples of biases of intuition include: being swayed by a good story,the confirmation bias,the present/present bias,the availability heuristic,and the blind spot bias. To view all questions and flashcards with Page answers, 4 click on the resource link above.
Chapter 3: Three Claims, Four Validities: Interrogation Tools for Consumers of Research Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 66 Verified Questions 66 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35959
Sample Questions Q1) Jenny reads the following headline on an online article: "If You're Sexist, People Will Think You're Racist, and Vice Versa." (This headline is based on a study conducted by Sanchez and colleagues, 2017.) This study found that members of stigmatized groups are threatened by prejudice directed at other stigmatized groups. Their results showed that White women can be threatened by racism, and men of color threatened by sexism, and that these perceptions made participants expect unfair treatment. Because of the design of this study, Sanchez and colleagues are likely more interested in than . A)construct validity; generalizing to all minority groups B)the effect size of their findings; construct validity C)generalizing to all minority groups; statistical validity D)external validity; validating their causal claims Answer: A Q2) Which of the following is an association claim? A)"Owning a dog is related to higher life satisfaction." B)"A majority of Americans like dogs." C)"Dog traveled 500 miles to find its owners." D)"Being visited by dogs in the hospital causes decreases in recovery time." Answer: A 5 click on the resource link above. To view all questions and flashcards with Page answers,
Chapter 4: Ethical Guidelines for Psychology Research Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35960
Sample Questions Q1) The principle of justice calls for a balance between and . A)costs to the participant; benefits to the participant B)needing to deceive participants; needing to obtain informed consent C)the interests of the researcher; the interests of the institutional review board (IRB) D)the kind of people who participate in research; the kind of people who benefit from it Q2) What are the two issues that need to be balanced in conducting ethical research? Q3) The American Psychological Association's ethical guidelines have principles and standards. A)3; 10 B)3; 8 C)3; 5 D)5; 10 Q4) In considering whether research is ethical, which of the following are balanced against each other? A)Inconvenience to participants versus benefit to the researcher B)Time investment of the study versus complexity of the study C)Importance of the research versus financial cost to conduct the study D)Risk to participants versus value of the knowledge gained To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Identifying Good Measurement Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35961
Sample Questions Q1) Dr. Sheffield is a clinical psychologist who specializes in treating pathological gambling. Pathological gambling is defined as being unable to resist impulses to gamble. Bothered by not having a good measure that he can give to clients to determine whether they are suffering from this condition, he creates a new measure of pathological gambling. The measure has 15 questions, and it takes 20 minutes to complete. To test his measure, Dr. Sheffield gives his measure to a group of people in Gamblers Anonymous (GA) and another group in Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). He finds that people in the GA group have higher scores on his new measure than people in the AA group. Why did Dr. Sheffield do this? A)To obtain evidence for face validity B)To obtain evidence for content validity C)To obtain evidence for convergent validity D)To obtain evidence for criterion validity Q2) Another word for discriminant validity is validity. A)convergent B)asymmetrical C)divergent D)multiple Q3) Name the three types of internal reliability and the four types of validity. To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Surveys and Observations: Describing What People Do Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35962
Sample Questions Q1) Which of the following is true of question wording? A)It has no effect on the results of a survey/poll. B)No research has scientifically demonstrated that question wording affects the answers participants give. C)Differences in how questions are worded always lead to different results. D)Researchers may alter the wording of a question to determine if it does have an effect on the results. Q2) Which of the following is a disadvantage of using open-ended questions? A)The answers provided are often spontaneous. B)The answers are unscientific. C)The answers must be coded. D)The answers are not taken seriously by participants. Q3) Which of the following questions is most likely to result in a socially desirable answer? A)"How often do you shop online?" B)"Have you ever sent a 'sext' (a sexually explicit message or photo)?" C)"When was the last time you tweeted/retweeted?" D)"Why did you choose your Facebook profile photo? Q4) What is an advantage of open-ended questions? What is a disadvantage? Page 8 To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 7: Sampling: Estimating the Frequency of Behaviors and Beliefs Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35963
Sample Questions Q1) Research articles that use terms such as "unbiased sample," "random samples," or "representative sample" allow for readers to . A)skip interrogating statistical validity B)make a frequency claim C)reject the conclusions made by the researcher(s) D)be confident in a study's external validity Q2) Dr. Parrett is a sports psychologist for a large Southern university. The provost and chancellor have asked him to examine the relationship between athletic performance and academic stress at the university. For example, is it the case that the most talented athletes experience the greatest concern over their grades? The provost and chancellor have made it clear to Dr. Parrett that they want a large amount of external validity in the study. He has valid and reliable measures of both athletic performance and academic stress. He knows that he does not have the time or the money to study the entire population of interest. What is the population of interest in Dr. Parrett's study? Will he be collecting a sample or conducting
a
census?
Why
does
he
need
to
be
concerned
with
external
validity/representativeness? Q3) What is the difference between random sampling and random assignment? Q4) Explain the two reasons nonrandom samples Page 9 are sometimes acceptable. To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Bivariate Correlational Research Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35964
Sample Questions Q1) Draw a scatterplot for the following three associations: a. A curvilinear association b. A positive association with a large effect size c. A zero association Q2) Why is the size of a sample not as important to external validity as the way a sample was collected? Q3) For a third variable to be plausible as the explanation in an established association, which of the following must also be true? A)The third variable must be related to both of the measured variables in the original association. B)The third variable must be measured on the same scale as the original measured variables. C)The third variable must be a categorical variable. D)The third variable must have a positive relationship with the two measured variables in the original association. Q4) Name two ways in which the analysis of an association between two quantitative variables differs from the analysis of an association between a categorical variable and a quantitative variable. To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Multivariate Correlational Research Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35965
Sample Questions Q1) Adding several variables to a regression analysis can help do which of the following? A)Increase the statistical significance of the results B)Control for several variables at once C)Increase the construct validity of a study D)Meet the temporal precedence criterion for causal inference Q2) If a researcher is asking why the relationship between two variables exists, she is curious about which of the following? A)Moderation B)Mediation C)Third variables D)Controlling variables Q3) When conducting longitudinal research, researchers typically find to be the most interesting. A)autocorrelations B)cross-sectional correlations C)cross-lag correlations D)multivariate correlations Q4) How do multiple regression designs help rule out third variables? To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Introduction to Simple Experiments Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35966
Sample Questions Q1) Name three disadvantages of within-groups designs. Q2) Using a matched-group design is especially important in which of the following cases? A)When you have only a few people in your study B)When you have at least three levels/conditions of the independent variable C)When you do not have a control group D)When you have a complex dependent variable Q3) All of the following are advantages of within-groups designs EXCEPT: A)Participants in the treatment/control groups will be equivalent. B)It is less time-consuming for the participants. C)It gives researchers more power to find differences between conditions. D)They require fewer participants. Q4) Considering a measure's face validity is: A)a good way to interrogate the construct validity of the dependent variable. B)not necessary in experiments. C)only done if an experiment uses observational measures. D)the first step in establishing causation. Q5) Explain why control variables are necessary in experiments and why they are not actually variables. Page 12 Q6) Name three advantages of within-groups designs. To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: More on Experiments: Confounding and Obscuring Variables Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35967
Sample Questions Q1) Which of the following is NOT a reason that a study might yield a null result? A)A lack of between-group difference B)Too much within-group variance C)A "true" null result D)Use of a within-subjects design Q2) Spontaneous remission in clinical studies is an example of which of the following threats to internal validity? A)Regression B)Attrition C)Maturation D)Placebo effects Q3) Dr. Morimoto is curious as to whether exposing people to violent video games causes them to be more aggressive. He assigns half his participants to play a video game for 5 minutes and the other half to play for 7 minutes. He finds that there is no relationship between playing the game longer and being more aggressive. What might be to blame for this null effect? A)A weak manipulation B)An insensitive measure C)A reverse confound D)Ceiling effect
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: Experiments With More Than One Independent Variable Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35968
Sample Questions Q1) Imagine that you read the following passage in a journal article. Provide three pieces of information that this passage tells the reader about the study conducted. "A 3 × 4 within-subjects design was specified that varied color of paper (blue, pink, white) and font size (10 point, 12 point, 14 point, 16 point). The time it took participants to read the printed word was measured." Q2) Dr. Rhodes notices an interaction in his factorial study. In describing this, which statement might he use to explain the link between Independent Variable A and Independent Variable B in predicting the dependent variable? A)Variable A cancels out Variable B. B)The effect of Variable A depends on Variable b. C)Variable A mainly affects Variable B. D)The effect of Variable A is mediated by Variable B. Q3) Which of the following phrases might a person encounter in a popular media article that indicates an interaction? A)"Statistically significant" B)"Mixed factorial design" C)"It depends" D)"Mediator variables" To view all questions and flashcards withPage answers, 14 click on the resource link above.
Chapter 13: Quasi-Experiments and Small-N Designs Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 65 Verified Questions 65 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35969
Sample Questions Q1)
Which
of
the
following
is
a
difference
between
true
experiments
and
quasi-experiments? A)Quasi-experiments do not use random assignment. B)Quasi-experiments do not involve manipulated variables. C)Quasi-experiments cannot have comparison groups. D)Quasi-experiments cannot have pretest measures. Q2) Dr. Fletcher is interested in understanding whether joining a fraternity/sorority causes people to become more concerned about their attractiveness and appearance. He recruits a group of 55 freshmen (25 males, 30 females) who are planning to go through fraternity/sorority recruitment on his campus. After they join, he gives them a measure of attractiveness concern/appearance concern (the Body Concern Scale, where higher scores indicate higher body concerns). As the study is described, explain a selection threat that may be present in Dr. Fletcher's study. What could Dr. Fletcher do to address this threat? Q3) Which of the following is an independent-groups quasi-experimental design? A)Interrupted time-series design B)Nonequivalent control group design C)Nonequivalent groups interrupted time-series design D)Stable-baseline design To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15
Chapter 14: Replication, Generalization, and the Real World Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper 66 Verified Questions 66 Flashcards Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35970
Sample Questions Q1) Replicability helps interrogate which of the four big validities? A)Construct validity B)External validity C)Internal validity D)Statistical validity Q2) Which types of claims are always made in generalization mode? Why is this the case? Q3) Cindy decides to conduct a meta-analysis examining the relationship between daily stress and cardiovascular health for her senior psychology research project. Cindy's advisor recommends that she contact several researchers in the field for articles that were not published and/or that found null effects. Doing this will address which of the following? A)The file drawer problem B)The need for overestimation C)The lack of reporting significant findings D)Ecological validity Q4) Explain why using WEIRD samples tends not to be a problem for researchers operating in the theory-testing mode and why cultural psychologists question this practice. To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16