Developmental Psychology Final
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Developmental Psychology explores the patterns and processes of human growth and change across the lifespan, from conception to old age. The course examines developmental milestones, theories, and research related to physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development. Students investigate the influences of genetics, environment, culture, and family on development, and discuss key topics such as attachment, identity, language acquisition, moral development, and aging. Through scientific inquiry and practical examples, the course prepares students to understand and analyze the dynamic nature of human development in diverse contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Exploring Lifespan Development 4th Edition by Laura E. Berk
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
19 Chapters
2178 Verified Questions
2178 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1205
Page 2
Chapter 1: History, Theory, and Research Strategies
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23859
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the role that Arnold Gesell played in the study of human development.
Answer: Inspired by the work of Charles Darwin, Arnold Gesell and his mentor, G. Stanley Hall, devised theories based on evolutionary ideas. They regarded development as a maturational process-a genetically determined series of events that unfold automatically, much like a flower. Hall and Gesell are remembered for their intensive efforts to describe all aspects of development. They launched the normative approach, in which measures of behavior are taken on large numbers of individuals, and age-related averages are computed to represent typical development. Gesell collected detailed normative information on the motor achievements, social behaviors, and personality characteristics of infants and children. He was also among the first to make knowledge about child development meaningful to parents. His books became central to a rapidly expanding child development literature for parents.
Q2) Central to Piaget's theory is the concept of __________.
A) imitation
B) adaptation
C) self-efficacy
D) scaffolding
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Genetic and Environmental Foundations
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23860
Sample Questions
Q1) The concept of __________ means that because of their genetic makeup, individuals differ in their responsiveness to qualities of the environment.
A) gene environment interaction
B) niche-picking
C) passive correlation
D) evocative correlation
Answer: A
Q2) Heritability estimates are __________.
A) likely to exaggerate the role of the environment
B) difficult to misapply
C) not useful for studying complex traits, such as intelligence and personality
D) likely to exaggerate the role of heredity
Answer: D
Q3) A zygote that separates into two clusters of cells instead of just one produces
A) identical twins
B) dizygotic twins
C) triplets
D) homozygous offspring
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23861
Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is supported by research on newborn taste preferences?
A) Newborns cannot distinguish basic tastes.
B) The mother's diet during pregnancy has an influence on a newborn's preferences.
C) Newborns prefer the taste of formula to breast milk.
D) Unlike adults, babies relax their facial muscles in response to sour tastes.
Answer: B
Q2) The more alcohol a woman consumes during pregnancy, the __________.
A) higher the birth weight of the child
B) greater the likelihood of ARND instead of FAS or p-FAS
C) poorer the child's achievement test scores during the school years
D) greater the child's speed of information processing
Answer: C
Q3) A combined Apgar score of __________ indicates that the infant is in good physical condition.
A) less than 3
B) 3 or 4
C) 5 or 6
D) 7 or better
Answer: D
Page 5
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 4: Physical Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23862
Sample Questions
Q1) One way of understanding perceptual development is to think of it as a built-in tendency to seek __________.
A) order and consistency
B) novel experiences
C) social experiences
D) risk and change
Q2) Which statement about intermodal perception is true?
A) Infants require many exposures to learn the association between the sight and sound of a toy.
B) It interferes with infants' ability to learn the patterns of their native language.
C) It does not begin to develop until the second half of the first year.
D) It fosters all aspects of psychological development.
Q3) During the prenatal period, the neural tube __________.
A) forms to become the circulatory and nervous systems
B) produces a few neurons and an abundance of myelins
C) produces far more neurons than the brain will ever need
D) commits all its neurons to form the major parts of the brain
Q4) Describe how cultural variations in infant-rearing practices affect motor development.
Page 6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23863
Sample Questions
Q1) In Substage 6 of the sensorimotor period, the ability to create mental representations enables toddlers to __________ and __________.
A) engage in deferred imitation; engage in make-believe play
B) understand object permanence; engage in parallel play
C) engage in deferred imitation; use primary circular reactions
D) engage in functional play; use the violation-of-expectation method
Q2) Chomsky believed that children __________.
A) have to be taught the complex rules of sentence organization
B) discover the rules of grammar by listening to more skilled older children and adults
C) can understand and speak in a rule-oriented fashion as soon as they pick up enough words
D) can master a grammatically complex language system if they experience a highly stimulating environment
Q3) The __________ is the conscious, reflective part of our mental system.
A) sensory register
B) central executive
C) short-term memory store
D) automatic cognitive processor
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23864
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe separation anxiety. When does it occur?
Q2) What is the goodness-of-fit model? Explain the relationship between temperament and child rearing.
Q3) The __________ attachment pattern reflects the greatest insecurity.
A) disorganized/disoriented
B) insecure avoidant
C) insecure resistant
D) unstable
Q4) Once wariness develops, infants __________.
A) show little stranger anxiety
B) lose interest in peers
C) refuse to explore their surroundings
D) use the familiar caregiver as a secure base
Q5) Bindi quickly establishes regular routines, is generally cheerful, and adapts easily to new experiences. In Thomas and Chess's research, Bindi would be classified as a(n) __________ child.
A) easy
B) slow-to-warm-up
C) difficult
D) uninhibited
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23865
Sample Questions
Q1) In developing countries, widespread __________ leads to growth stunting and an estimated 1 million childhood deaths each year.
A) diarrhea
B) AIDS
C) measles
D) malaria
Q2) X-rays of epiphyses enable doctors to estimate children's __________.
A) adult weight
B) loss of baby teeth
C) brain development
D) skeletal age
Q3) Dominic is left-handed. He would like to know if his infant son is likely to be left-handed or right-handed. What can you tell him about the roles of nature and nurture in handedness?
Q4) Research on handedness demonstrates that __________.
A) most left-handers have no developmental problems
B) right-handedness is associated with prematurity
C) there is little cultural variation in rates of left-handedness
D) right-handed children are more likely to be mathematically talented
Q5) Describe the benefits of make-believe play.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23866
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the emergence of self-esteem in early childhood. How can adults promote high self-esteem?
Q2) Which statement about teachers' involvement in gender-role learning is true?
A) Teachers' emphasis of gender distinctions increases preschoolers' gender-stereotyped beliefs.
B) Teachers' emphasis of gender distinctions increases preschoolers' willingness to play with other-sex peers.
C) As early as kindergarten, teachers give more overall attention (both positive and negative) to girls than to boys.
D) Teachers seem to expect girls to misbehave more often-a belief based partly on gender stereotypes.
Q3) The cognitive-developmental perspective __________.
A) focuses on how children acquire ready-made standards of good conduct from adults
B) views children as blank slates, eager to "write" information about social rules
C) regards children as active thinkers about social rules
D) holds that children are prewired with standards of good conduct
Q4) Describe some of the undesirable consequences of frequent punishment.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23867
Sample Questions
Q1) Which intellectual factor of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition, is the most likely to contain culturally biased problems?
A) visual-spatial processing
B) quantitative reasoning
C) working memory
D) basic information processing
Q2) Discuss educating gifted children. How well do programs for the gifted nurture children's talents and creativity?
Q3) Children who are expert in an area __________.
A) are usually highly motivated
B) do not find memory strategies useful
C) acquire new information at a slow and steady pace
D) rarely ask how previously stored information can clarify new material
Q4) The school years are a time __________.
A) when myelination of neural fibers steadily decreases
B) of continued development of the prefrontal cortex
C) of slowed working-memory capacity
D) when executive function steadily declines
Q5) Discuss the consequences of childhood obesity.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23868
Sample Questions
Q1) Veronica and Santiago are getting a divorce. They are worried about the long-term consequences this will have on their three children. You can tell them that the overriding factor in positive adjustment following divorce is __________.
A) the custody arrangement
B) temperament
C) the household SES
D) effective parenting
Q2) Marlena is enrolled in an intervention program that encourages learned-helpless children to believe that they can overcome failure by exerting more effort. This approach is known as __________.
A) achievement motivation
B) identity achievement
C) attribution retraining
D) vicarious learning
Q3) Discuss the influences of culture, gender, and ethnicity on self-esteem in middle childhood.
Q4) Describe development in middle childhood of only children in the United States and China.
Q5) What factors foster resilience in middle childhood?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23869
Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement about sex differences in adolescence is true?
A) Girls' legs are longer than boys' in relation to the rest of the body.
B) Boys start to add fat on their arms, legs, and trunk.
C) The number of red blood cells increases in boys but not in girls.
D) By midadolescence, most girls perform better than the average boy in running speed.
Q2) With respect to propositional thought in an entirely verbal mode, young children have great difficulty reasoning from premises that contradict reality or their own beliefs because they __________.
A) automatically inhibit activation of well-learned, real-world knowledge
B) believe that the accuracy of conclusions rests on the rules of logic
C) fail to grasp the logical necessity of propositional reasoning
D) show no ability to engage in hypothetico-deductive reasoning
Q3) Which at-risk high school student is most likely to be involved in extracurricular activities?
A) Hank, who attends a school with 500 students
B) Keisha, who attends a school with 1,000 students
C) Cory, who attends a school with 1,500 students
D) Bronwyn, who attends a school with 2,000 students
Q4) Discuss motor development and physical activity in adolescence.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23870
Sample Questions
Q1) During adolescence, the young person's vision of self becomes __________.
A) more inconsistent
B) more well-organized
C) less complex
D) unbalanced
Q2) Which statement about adolescent friendships is true?
A) Close friendships in early adolescence often interfere with identity development.
B) Close friendships provide a foundation for future intimate relationships.
C) Among boys, being in a clique predicts academic and social competence.
D) Among girls, clique membership predicts a decline in academic achievement.
Q3) During adolescence, sibling __________.
A) relationships often become less intense, in both positive and negative feelings
B) relationships often become more intense, in both positive and negative feelings
C) rivalry peaks, often causing moderate to significant family conflict
D) relationships are more intense in negative feelings and less intense in positive feelings
Q4) Discuss gender differences in friendship quality in adolescence.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23871
Sample Questions
Q1) One hypothesized cause of age-related DNA and cellular abnormalities is the
A) lengthening of telomeres
B) production of androgens
C) release of free radicals
D) increase of synapses
Q2) __________ may heighten the effects of a high-fat diet.
A) Sex hormones
B) Over-the-counter medications
C) Free radicals
D) Low body weight
Q3) Telomere shortening predicts __________.
A) earlier death
B) slower disease progression
C) slower biological aging
D) gains in telomerase activity
Q4) Discuss the trend toward the use of online dating sites or mobile dating apps as a way to initiate relationships.
Q6) List and describe the three periods of vocational development. Page 15
Q5) Briefly describe the psychological impact of attending college.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 16
Chapter 14: Emotional and Social Development in Early
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23872
Sample Questions
Q1) __________ is the most consistent predictor of marital stability.
A) Religious similarity
B) Age at marriage
C) Acceptance of in-laws
D) Educational level
Q2) While the majority of cohabiting relationships in the United States dissolve at a high rate, __________ cohabiters are exceptions to the high risk for breakup.
A) engaged
B) lesbian and gay
C) non-college-educated
D) non-engaged
Q3) Which statement is true about parenting young children?
A) The younger the child, the lower the parents' sense of risk in finding child care.
B) Parents report that raising young children negatively affects psychological well-being.
C) Involved parents say that parenthood requires them to tune out others' feelings and needs.
D) Rearing young children is a powerful source of adult development.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 17
Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23873
Sample Questions
Q1) What is hardiness? How do hardy individuals cope with stress?
Q2) Which group of women is more likely to have a favorable attitude toward menopause?
A) European-American women
B) African-American women
C) women with little or no college education
D) women born between 1925 and 1945
Q3) In solving a math problem, Herman uses __________ memory.
A) crystallized
B) semantic
C) metacognitive
D) procedural
Q4) __________ declines very gradually in the forties and fifties.
A) Muscle mass
B) Weight
C) Body fat
D) Abdominal fat
Q5) Discuss hormone therapy, which is used to reduce the physical symptoms of menopause. What are the risks and benefits?
Q6) Discuss the changes that the skin undergoes during the aging process. Page 18
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 19
Chapter 16: Emotional and Social Development in Middle
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23874
Sample Questions
Q1) __________ increase(s) from early to middle adulthood.
A) Possible selves
B) Self-doubt
C) Destructiveness
D) Autonomy
Q2) Which statement is true about grandparents?
A) Grandparents who take full responsibility for young children rarely experience emotional strain.
B) Relationships with daughter-in-law or son-in-law strongly affect the closeness of grandchild ties.
C) In higher-income families, grandparents are more likely to perform essential activities.
D) Grandfathers report higher satisfaction with the grandparent role than grandmothers.
Q3) Burnout __________.
A) is associated with a lack of work assignments to fill the day
B) occurs more often in routine, physically demanding jobs
C) is associated with excessive feedback from supervisors
D) occurs more often in the helping professions
Q4) Describe the sandwich generation.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Chapter 17: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23875
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of secondary aging?
A) a decrease in the maximum heart rate
B) farsightedness from a stiffening lens
C) heart disease from smoking cigarettes
D) lack of menstruation after menopause
Q2) In the year before Trudy died, her friends and family noticed that she had become less active and more withdrawn, even in their company. Trudy experienced
A) cognitive maintenance
B) a memory deficit
C) terminal decline
D) the reminiscence bump
Q3) Define and describe ADLs and IADLs. What percentage of U.S. older adults have limitations carrying out these activities?
Q4) Caregivers of older adults with dementia usually say that __________ is the assistance they most desire.
A) knowledge about the disease
B) knowledge about community resources
C) learning techniques for dealing with stress
D) respite-time away from providing care-
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 21
Chapter 18: Emotional and Social Development in Late
Adulthood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23876
Sample Questions
Q1) Charise, age 74, is involved in organized religion. Longitudinal research suggests that Charise will __________ than her agemates who do not participate in organized or informal religion.
A) be less generative
B) reminisce less
C) live longer
D) experience greater death anxiety
Q2) Figures underestimate the actual incidence of elder abuse because __________.
A) most acts take place in public settings such as nursing homes, so they are not reported
B) many social workers do not believe older adults' claims of abuse or neglect
C) normal accidents and injuries that result from physical aging are mistaken for signs of abuse
D) most abusive acts take place in private, and victims are often unable or unwilling to complain
Q3) __________ are key in never-married older women's lives.
A) Other-sex friendships
B) Romantic relationships
C) Same-sex friendships
D) Hobbies and financial support
Page 22
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 19: Death, Dying, and Bereavement
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23877
Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is true about death education?
A) In the past two decades, there has been a decrease in college and university courses in death and dying.
B) Death education improves students' ability to communicate effectively with others about death-related concerns.
C) Death education is rarely integrated into the training of students studying counseling, nursing, or medicine.
D) Few death education courses touch on social and ethical issues such as medical aid-in-dying and organ donation.
Q2) Dale regards dying as an experience to be transformed so as to make it more bearable. Which statement is most likely Dale's?
A) "In my mind, I'm Harry Potter in the forbidden forest, waiting to meet Voldemort."
B) "I feel like the sands of life are pouring out of the hourglass."
C) "I don't think hiding behind a closed door could help me at all."
D) "Life never meant much to me until I looked death in the eye, and now I'm living."
Q3) Define and describe the three phases of death.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 23