Developmental Psychology Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Developmental Psychology explores the patterns of growth and change that occur throughout the human lifespan, from infancy through late adulthood. The course examines key theories and research findings related to cognitive, emotional, social, and physical development, focusing on how genetic, environmental, and cultural factors interact to shape individuals over time. Topics include attachment, language acquisition, moral reasoning, identity formation, and the impact of family, peers, and society on psychological growth. Through a combination of foundational concepts and contemporary studies, students gain a comprehensive understanding of developmental processes and their significance for real-world issues in education, healthcare, and beyond.
Recommended Textbook
Child Development 9th Edition by Laura E. Berk
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1978 Verified Questions
1978 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: History, Theory, and Applied Directions
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In her research, Dr. Esse uses procedures that combine conditioning and modeling to eliminate undesirable behaviors and increase desirable responses. Dr. Esse relies on
A) observational learning.
B) behavior modification.
C) classical conditioning.
D) psychosocial learning.
Answer: B
Q2) The field of child development now recognizes that __________ is among the most powerful tools for preventing developmental problems and enhancing children's quality of life.
A) sound public policy
B) family therapy
C) early IQ testing
D) high-quality child care
Answer: A
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3
Chapter 2: Research Strategies
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131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a microgenetic design,
A) participants are presented with a novel task, and researchers follow their mastery over a series of closely spaced sessions.
B) groups of people differing in age are studied at the same point in time.
C) researchers conduct several cross-sectional or longitudinal investigations..
D) participants are studied repeatedly at different ages, and changes are noted as they get older.
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is a limitation of the clinical, or case study, method?
A) Investigators cannot assume that their conclusions apply, or generalize, to anyone other than the individual studied.
B) Information collected often lacks descriptive detail.
C) It does not provide evidence about the individual's current functioning.
D) It requires intensive study of participants' moment-by-moment behaviors.
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the period of the fetus,
A) neurons are first produced.
B) the organism remains awake about 6 hours a day.
C) brain weight increases tenfold.
D) teratogenic damage is the most severe.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about maternal smoking and ADHD symptoms as viewed through the epigenetic framework?
A) The majority of children prenatally exposed to nicotine are at high risk for learning and behavior problems.
B) The DD genotype is present in only 10 percent of children prenatally exposed to nicotine.
C) The DD genotype is present in only 10 percent of children with little or no prenatal nicotine exposure.
D) There is no correlation between prenatal nicotine exposure and ADHD symptoms.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cries of brain-damaged babies and those who have experienced prenatal and birth complications are often __________ than those of healthy infants.
A) quieter
B) longer in duration
C) more shrill and piercing
D) more muffled
Q2) Early __________ behaviors suggest that infants are biologically prepared to coordinate hand with eye in the act of exploring.
A) ulnar grasping
B) prereaching
C) visual acuity
D) pincer grasping
Q3) ERP brain-wave recordings reveal that around 5 months, babies
A) become sensitive to syllable stress patterns in their own language.
B) begin to prefer the sound of their mother's voice.
C) divide the speech stream into wordlike units.
D) have no statistical learning capacity.
Q4) Identify and describe useful techniques for soothing a crying baby.
Q5) Describe the five infant states of arousal.
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Chapter 5: Physical Growth
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ affects about 25 percent of infants and children worldwide and interferes with many central nervous system processes.
A) Marasmus
B) Kwashiorkor
C) Iron-deficiency anemia
D) Food insecurity
Q2) Parent-adolescent disagreements focus largely on
A) long-term goals, such as college or vocational training.
B) substance abuse.
C) early sexual activity.
D) mundane, day-to-day matters, such as driving and curfews.
Q3) Raelyn, age 15, just became a mom. Which of the following statements is true for Raelyn?
A) She is more likely than her agemates without children to marry in the future.
B) There is a 95 percent likelihood that she will graduate from high school.
C) She is more likely than her agemates without children to divorce in the future.
D) She is more likely than an adult mother to have realistic expectations of her infant.
Q4) Discuss the factors that contribute to adolescent moodiness.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core
Knowledge, and Vygotskian
Perspectives
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Sample Questions
Q1) Core knowledge theorists disagree with Piaget's ideas and argue that
A) infants begin life with innate, special-purpose knowledge systems.
B) cognitive development originates with sensorimotor reflexes.
C) development occurs in stages with little variations across domains.
D) development is primarily a matter of cultural and social influences.
Q2) According to Piaget, tertiary circular reactions include
A) the ability to find a hidden object that has been moved while out of sight.
B) deferred imitation and private speech.
C) the ability to search in several locations for a hidden object.
D) make-believe play and social speech.
Q3) According to Vygotsky, which of the following would be within a child's zone of proximal development?
A) Edward is completing a homework assignment with a classmate.
B) Elise recently mastered a task independently following the assistance of her mother.
C) Jasira cannot yet handle a specific task on her own, but she can do it with the help of an adult.
D) Tevan figures out how to accomplish a task through trial and error.
Q4) Discuss the limitations of preoperational thought from Piaget's point of view.
Q5) Discuss the two major features of Piaget's formal operations stage.
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Chapter 7: Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective
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Sample Questions
Q1) Improvement in recall over the preschool years is strongly associated with A) mastery of conservation.
B) understanding of false belief.
C) language development.
D) advanced perspective-taking skills.
Q2) Eight-year-old Romeo went with his father to buy some fruit. His father kept walking up and down each aisle. Romeo took his father's hand and steered him on a shorter route to get to the produce aisle. Romeo was effectively using A) planning.
B) schematics.
C) retrieval.
D) mapping.
Q3) __________ optimal development of executive components and their eventual synthesis into planning, flexible strategic thinking, and self-regulation.
A) Reorganization of cognitive schemes is required for
B) Supportive parenting and educational experiences are essential for
C) A transition from concrete to abstract thinking is necessary for
D) A focus on visual tracking and problem solving is the key to
Q4) Describe and evaluate Siegler's model of strategy choice.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true regarding IQ and occupational success?
A) IQ is a stronger predictor than practical intelligence of on-the-job performance.
B) Educational attainment is a stronger predictor than IQ of occupational success and income.
C) Home background is more important than IQ in predicting occupational success.
D) High-IQ individuals are no more likely than those with lower IQs to have high-status occupations.
Q2) The __________ were the first to use samples representing the total population of the United States to devise standards for interpreting test scores.
A) Core Knowledge Perspectives
B) American College Testing Assessments
C) Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales
D) Wechsler tests
Q3) Intelligence tests are constructed so that IQ scores
A) are an unbiased estimate of the population variance.
B) approximate a binomial distribution.
C) are distributed according to a normal curve.
D) are statistically independent from one another.
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Chapter 9: Language Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mr. and Mrs. Manet's children have advanced oral narrative skills. The Manets probably
A) avoid using recasts and expansions with their children.
B) eat meals together with their children.
C) engage in authoritarian child rearing.
D) communicate in English and a nonnative language.
Q2) According to research on language development, when do children begin to detect the internal structure of sentences and words?
A) almost immediately after birth
B) by the time they are 7 months old
C) in the second half of the first year
D) when they are between 12 and 14 months old
Q3) Gina said, "My toy breaked," and her mother replied, "Yes, you broke your toy." Her mother's response is an example of
A) shading.
B) recasting.
C) turnabout.
D) overregularization.
Q4) Describe the nativist and interactionist perspectives of language development.
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Chapter 10: Emotional Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Today, more than _____ percent of U.S. mothers with a child under age 2 are employed.
A) 30
B) 40
C) 50
D) 60
Q2) Infants of depressed mothers
A) often turn to their fathers for caretaking needs.
B) have abnormally low cortisol levels.
C) quickly learn to sooth themselves.
D) are less attentive to their surroundings.
Q3) Which of the following statements is true about the Attachment Q-Sort?
A) It taps only a small number of attachment-related behaviors.
B) Results cannot be used to determine real-life interventions for insecure children.
C) It taps a wider array of attachment-related behaviors than the Strange Situation.
D) It is efficient because the nonparent informant spends just a few minutes observing the child.
Q4) Discuss attachment security in skipped-generation families.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Self and Social Understanding
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fifteen-year-old LaRon feels highly dissatisfied with his parental relationships. Research suggests that LaRon is likely to be
A) anxious and unfocused.
B) aggressive and antisocial.
C) anxious and depressed.
D) socially popular but engages in risky behaviors.
Q2) A large survey of high school students found that part-black biracial teenagers
A) report as much discrimination as their black monoracial counterparts.
B) are almost always identity achieved.
C) have a stronger sense of ethnic identity than their monoracial black peers.
D) usually select the identity that most closely matches their physical appearance.
Q3) If you ask 4-year-old Mariah to describe herself, she will most likely mention A) personality traits.
B) special competencies.
C) social virtues.
D) observable characteristics.
Q4) Explain how cultural factors and gender contribute to the development of self-esteem.
Q5) Describe the development of self-concept from early childhood to adolescence.
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Chapter 12: Moral Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Vygotsky, children cannot guide their own behavior until they have integrated standards represented in adult-child dialogues into their own
A) self-directed speech.
B) intersubjectivity.
C) cooperative dialogue.
D) zone of proximal development.
Q2) Viewing the child as a thinking moral being who wonders about right and wrong and searches for moral truth is the approach endorsed by A) social learning theorists.
B) reinforcement theorists.
C) behaviorists.
D) cognitive-developmental theorists.
Q3) Dr. Kalpoe is a cognitive-developmental theorist. As such, Dr. Kalpoe probably believes that the major means by which children become moral is through A) specific teaching by parents and caregivers.
B) modeling and reinforcement.
C) identification with parents.
D) construction.
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14
Chapter 13: Development of Sex Differences and Gender
Roles
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Kayla sees a truck on the floor she wonders, "Should girls play with trucks?" She decides to leave the truck on the floor and looks for a different toy. Kayla is
A) not using a gender-salience filter.
B) using an interest filter to determine with what to play.
C) a gender-aschematic child.
D) a gender-schematic child.
Q2) Haruko scores high on both masculine and feminine personality characteristics. Haruko is displaying
A) a gender stereotype.
B) gender-atypicality.
C) gender congruence.
D) androgyny.
Q3) In a study in which 20- to 40-year-olds were shown photos of children and adults and asked to rate each on "masculine," "feminine," and "neutral" personality traits, adults
A) differentiated men from women more sharply than they did boys from girls.
B) differentiated girls from women more sharply than they did boys from men.
C) differentiated boys from girls more sharply than they did men from women.
D) had great difficulty assigning gender-stereotyped traits based on photos.
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Chapter 14: The Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) Over time, the massive trauma of persistent abuse seems to A) drive most abused children to report the abuse eventually.
B) blunt children's normal physiological response to stress.
C) provoke a counter-reaction in children in which their empathy and tendency to act as mediator grow.
D) diminish, making adults who were abused as children similar in psychological responses to those not abused.
Q2) In addition to more effective birth control, a major reason for the decline in family size is
A) increasing unemployment rates.
B) reduced access to welfare services.
C) a woman's decision to divide her energies between family and work.
D) increasing infertility rates among older couples.
Q3) __________ percent of North American and European children grow up with at least one sibling.
A) Twenty
B) Forty
C) Sixty
D) Eighty
Q4) Discuss how children typically respond to being raised in a blended family.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Peers, Media, and Schooling
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research shows that adolescents feel greatest pressure to conform to A) engaging in antisocial acts.
B) having sex.
C) participating in social activities.
D) using alcohol or drugs.
Q2) Hunter watches a lot of violence on television. As a result, when confronted with aggression in real life, Hunter will likely
A) be confused when no protagonist shows up to resolve the situation for him.
B) react passively and try to avoid confrontation.
C) display relationally aggressive behavior.
D) indicate that he does not feel threatened.
Q3) Maddox has mild mental retardation and receives all of his special education services in a regular classroom. Maddox is experiencing
A) mainstreaming.
B) full inclusion.
C) transitional learning.
D) an overly restrictive environment.
Q4) Describe the relationship between television violence and aggression.
Q5) Describe the differences between cliques and crowds, and how they develop.
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