Developmental Psychology Exam
Answer Key
Course Introduction
Developmental Psychology explores the patterns and processes of human growth across the lifespan, from infancy through old age. The course examines key theories, research methods, and findings related to physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development. Students will analyze how biological, environmental, cultural, and socioeconomic factors shape development, and discuss major milestones, individual differences, and developmental challenges. The course also considers contemporary issues and applications of developmental research in areas such as education, parenting, and mental health.
Recommended Textbook
Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood 5th Edition by Jeffrey J. Arnett
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) first ethnography on adolescence was written by
A) G. Stanley Hall.
B) J. M. Tanner.
C) Margaret Mead.
D) Erik Erikson.
Answer: C
Q2) Which statement most accurately represents the concept of globalization?
A) Cultural beliefs are becoming more distinct.
B) The world is becoming smaller and more diverse.
C) The world is becoming smaller and people more similar.
D) Economic disparity is becoming less pronounced.
Answer: C
Q3) test is
A) valid, but not reliable.
B) neither valid nor reliable.
C) neither generalizable nor valid.
D) reliable, but not valid.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Biological Foundations
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Q1) According to the text, why should you be skeptical when you read studies about parents and adolescents in biological families where the behavior of parents is claimed to be the cause of the characteristics of adolescents?
A) Behavior may be caused by biology and not environment.
B) Behavior may be caused by environment and not biology.
C) Because the divorce rate is so high in the U.S., no conclusive findings could be drawn.
D) There are few studies which investigate the differential treatment of mothers and fathers.
Answer: A
Q2) Evidence for the influence of technologies on pubertal development is based on data gathered regarding the age when what event occurs?
A) Spermarche
B) Menarche
C) Breast development
D) Hair growth
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Cognitive Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Perry (1999), what order are the stages of reflective judgment?
A) Multiple thinking, dualistic thinking, commitment.
B) Commitment, relativism, dualistic thinking.
C) Relativism, commitment, multiple thinking.
D) Multiple thinking, relativism, commitment.
Answer: D
Q2) would most likely conclude young adults develop an awareness that most problems
A) have all crucial pieces of information present.
B) are complex and don't have a single solution.
C) have a single perspective to analyze the solution set.
D) have only two sides which are completely at odds with one another.
Answer: B
Q3) Elkind's study (2007) it was shown that girls had higher reported scores on personal fable and risk behavior.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Cultural Beliefs
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Piaget, who is the most effective in promoting moral development?
A) Teachers
B) Siblings
C) Peers
D) Parents
Q2) is most likely that you would be
A) taking a paper and pencil test in a quiet classroom setting.
B) playing a game of marbles and discussing the rules.
C) asked to respond to fictional dilemmas.
D) interviewed and asked about your personal relationships.
Q3) is probably being influenced by
A) the Law.
B) globalization.
C) moral development.
D) social desirability.
Q4) Which statement concerning heteronomous morality is most accurate?
A) Moral rules are sacred and fixed.
B) Moral rules are social conventions.
C) Moral reasoning is based on independent judgments.
D) Moral reasoning is based on the expectations of others.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best defines differential gender socialization?
A) Gender expectations differ across cultures within the first and third worlds.
B) Boys and girls are socialized according to different gender expectations.
C) Gender intensification decreases with age in non-Westernized cultures.
D) Boys are more likely than girls to conform to gender expectations.
Q2) scenario reflects the concept of A) meta-analysis.
B) normal distribution.
C) effect size.
D) instrumental traits.
Q3) Research shows that math and science professors were more likely to encourage female college students to pursue graduate studies.
A)True
B)False
Q4) plans to use the meta-analysis technique because A) it is more accurate than collecting data in schools.
B) there are very few studies published on this topic.
C) there are many studies published on this topic.
D) it is more respected than other methodologies.
Q5) Discuss media influences in terms of gender socialization in adolescence.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Self
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Q1) Recent studies have shown that adolescents who are bicultural or assimilated have
A) higher self-esteem.
B) lower self-esteem.
C) more friends.
D) fewer friends.
Q2) of Harter's research has been conducted with A) middle-class Canadian adolescents.
B) middle-class American adolescents.
C) American college students.
D) British adolescents in foster homes.
Q3) Individualistic culture is to independent self as collectivistic culture is to __________ self.
A) collection
B) social
C) ideal
D) interdependent
Q4) "Prolonged adolescence" is most likely to occur in industrialized societies.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Family Relationships
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Q1) are most likely to describe parenting in terms of what two dimensions?
A) Demandingness and responsiveness
B) Ideal and real
C) Traditional and modern
D) Punishment and indifference
Q2) asked how Tracy is adjusting to life without the girls, she is most likely to say,
A) "I have had very little trouble adjusting to their departure."
B) "I have been devastated by their departure."
C) "My husband and I don't have a clue what we're going to do now."
D) "Our marriage has suddenly become troubled."
Q3) Parental responsiveness is the degree to which parents
A) express disdain, coolness and distance.
B) are sensitive to their children's needs.
C) set down rules and expectations for behavior.
D) none of the above.
Q4) According to the text, fathers who abuse their adolescent daughters tend to have been detached and distant from them when they were younger.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Friends and Peers
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Q1) schools with diverse, multiethnic populations, adolescents in the majority ethnic group tend to perceive ________ crowd distinctions in minority ethnic groups other than in their own.
A) more
B) fewer
C) similar
D) no
Q2) According to research, in emerging adulthood, the importance of ____________ tend to decline as romantic relationships _________________.
A) sexual relationships; develop
B) cliques; decline
C) family relationships; decline.
D) friendships; develop
Q3) Generally, during early adolescence, most of a person's social life takes place in A) mixed-sex cliques.
B) opposite-sex pairs.
C) same-sex cliques.
D) same-sex pairs.
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Chapter 9: Love and Sexuality
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Q1) contrast to adolescents, emerging adults are more likely to rank _______________ as the most important reason for engaging in romantic relationships.
A) recreation
B) intimacy
C) status
D) companionship
Q2) Provide examples to illustrate your points.
Q3) Choose three of Sternberg's seven different forms of love, comparing and contrasting each with examples.
Q4) Stella's experience is like what percentage of other girls her age?
A) 5%
B) 20%
C) 45%
D) 80%
Q5) According to the text, Alex is most likely
A) an adolescent.
B) African American.
C) an emerging adult.
D) from a traditional culture.
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Chapter 10: School
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Q1) Currently, the undergraduate college population is _____ female.
A) 28%
B) 45%
C) 58%
D) 66%
Q2) According to the text, school reform in the 1950s and early 1960s focused on the need for ________ education.
A) language
B) health
C) politics
D) science
Q3) According to the text, when did states in the USA begin passing laws requiring school attendance through early teens?
A) Age of Innocence
B) Age of Adolescence
C) Time of the Season
D) Time of Social Control
Q4) adolescents who have ADHD also have an additional learning disability.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Work
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Q1) recent study reported that Americorps volunteers were higher than a comparison group on the following:
A) understanding community problems.
B) engagement in civic activities.
C) overall life satisfaction.
D) all of these answers are correct.
Q2) average American holds seven to eight different jobs between the age of 18 and 30.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to Chapter 11, one benefit of globalization has been
A) making daily life easier in traditional cultures.
B) the increased wealth of industrialized nations.
C) creating a similar set of world beliefs.
D) all of these answers are correct.
Q4) recent veterans, military service has been found to A) increase self-confidence and leadership skills.
B) broaden emerging adults intellectually.
C) contribute to alcohol abuse.
D) negatively impact future career choice.
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Chapter 12: Media
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Q1) Around _______ percent of the programs analyzed contained sexual content.
A) 10
B) 25
C) 80
D) 100
Q2) situation best illustrates which of the following?
A) Narrower gender socialization for girls is reflected in differential gender access to media.
B) Basima's parents do not love her.
C) Basima's parents do not adhere to ideas of traditional gender socialization.
D) Basima's brother is atypically rebellious.
Q3) national survey in the United States found how many adolescents have created their own blog?
A) Less than 10%
B) About 30%
C) Approximately 50%
D) About 75%
Q4) study found that 90% of all teenage bloggers discussed sexual identity.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Problems and Resilience
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Q1) general, substance use is higher among White adolescents than among African American adolescents.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is most likely to commit a crime alone?
A) Socialized delinquent
B) Juvenile delinquent
C) Unsocialized delinquent
D) Adolescence-limited-delinquent
Q3) Efforts to prevent or reduce substance use among adolescents have generally been delivered through A) community centers.
B) church organizations.
C) correctional facilities.
D) schools.
Q4) Amenorrhea -- a symptom often accompanying anorexia -- is the term for loss of A) appetite.
B) body hair.
C) menstruation.
D) bone density.
Page 15
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