Developmental Motor Control
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Developmental Motor Control explores the processes and mechanisms underlying the acquisition and refinement of movement skills across the human lifespan, with an emphasis on infancy and childhood. The course examines how genetic, environmental, and cognitive factors interact to influence motor development, including posture, locomotion, object manipulation, and coordination. Students will analyze developmental milestones, investigate typical and atypical motor patterns, and discuss assessment tools and intervention strategies. Through scientific literature reviews and practical case studies, the course aims to deepen understanding of how the nervous system controls movement and adapts motor behaviors throughout growth and development.
Recommended Textbook
Human Motor Control 2nd Edition by David
A. Rosenbaum
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12 Chapters
230 Verified Questions
230 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Useful levels of description for a system like the human motor system are
A) The computational level
B) The procedural level
C) The implementation level
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Q2) The study of variability arises mainly in which domain relevant to human motor control?
A) Physics
B) Statistics
C) Engineering
D) Cognitive science
Answer: B
Q3) Control theory arises mainly in which domain relevant to human motor control?
A) Physics
B) Statistics
C) Engineering
D) Cognitive science
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Core Problems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Relying on mechanics may help solve the degrees of freedom problem because A) Mechanics know how to fix cars
B) Mechanics is a branch of physics
C) Mechanical features of the body and external environment may make it unnecessary to control some variables related to movement and stability
D) No other method helps solve the degrees of freedom problem
Answer: C
Q2) How many degrees of freedom typically exist for a physical task?
A) One
B) As many joints as in the human body
C) As many muscles as in the human body
D) An infinite number
Answer: D
Q3) Mirror neurons
A) Are only activated when people see themselves in a mirror
B) Are only activated when people see very shiny surfaces
C) Are only activated when people stroke very smooth, glassy surfaces
D) None of the above
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Physiological Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The inability to perform purposeful motor acts when the perceptual, cognitive, and motoric components of the acts are otherwise intact is known as
A) Apraxia
B) Anarchic hand syndrome
C) Neglect
D) Huntington's disease
Answer: A
Q2) It is believed that plans for movements are generally housed in the left hemisphere of the brain. This is because
A) Apraxia is more common in right hemiplegia than in left hemiplegia
B) Apraxia is more common in left hemiplegia than in right hemiplegia
C) Apraxia is equally common in right and left hemiplegia
D) The left hemisphere stores more information generally
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Psychological Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The hierarchical theory of sequencing provides a basis for explaining which phenomenon that the response chaining theory, element-to-position theory, and inter-element inhibition theory do not?
A) Supervisory behavior
B) Slavish behavior
C) Rule-governed behavior
D) All of the above
Q2) According to the uncontrolled manifold hypothesis
A) There are many ways that behavior can get out of control
B) There are many ways that behavior can unfold
C) There are many ways to fold a piece of paper
D) None of the above
Q3) Ideo-motor theory says
A) Motor behavior and ideas are separate
B) Motor behavior and ideas identical
C) Representations of perceptual consequences of actions play a role in initiating those actions
D) Representations of perceptual consequences of actions play no role in initiating those actions
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Walking
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the tonic neck reflex, exhibited by neurologically normal infants,
A) If the baby's head turns to the left, the baby's left arm and left leg both flex while the baby's right arm and right leg both extend
B) If the baby's head turns to the left, the baby's left arm and left leg both extend while the baby's right arm and right leg both flex
C) If the baby's head turns to the left, both arms extends and both legs flex
D) If the baby's head turns to the left, both arms flex and both legs extend
Q2) A demonstration of visual kinesthesis is that
A) People tilt back when a seen wall approaches, showing that the approaching wall signals falling forward
B) People tilt back when a seen wall approaches them, showing that the approaching wall signals falling backward
C) People tilt forward when a seen wall approaches them, showing that the approaching wall signals falling forward
D) People tilt forward when a seen wall approaches them, showing that the approaching wall signals falling backward
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7
Chapter 6: Looking
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Sample Questions
Q1) Vergence eye movements are triggered by
A) Seeing eye to eye with another person
B) Retinal disparity and detection of blurriness
C) Retinal disparity but not detection of blurriness
D) Detection of blurriness but not retinal disparity
Q2) As concerns the eye, drifts, tremors, and microsaccades
A) Are miniature eye movements, all of which are voluntary
B) Are miniature eye movements, some of which are voluntary
C) Are miniature eye movements, none of which is voluntary
D) Are all signs of syphilis
Q3) Each gaze direction has a unique pitch, roll, and yaw of the eyeball. This principle is known as
A) Efferent Copy
B) Listing's Law
C) Donders' Law
D) None of the above
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Chapter 7: Reaching
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Sample Questions
Q1) A method that has been used to determine how long it takes to use visual feedback to correct manual positioning movements is
A) Have people move back and forth between targets without any visual feedback in any condition
B) Have people move back and forth between targets with full visual feedback in all conditions
C) Have people move back and forth between targets with visual feedback available from one side of the space but not the other
D) Have people move back and forth between targets at different rates both with and without visual feedback
Q2) In tasks involving finger movements, it has been found, even in patients lacking sensory feedback from their fingers, that
A) Distance reproduction is as good as location reproduction
B) Distance reproduction is better than location reproduction
C) Distance reproduction is worse than location reproduction
D) No reproduction is ever possible
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9
Chapter 8: Drawing and Writing
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the Two-Thirds Power Law of writing and drawing,
A) People plan the first 2/3 of what they are going to write or draw before writing or drawing
B) People write and draw with about 2/3 of the power can generate
C) Both a and b
D) None of the above
Q2) According to the Isogony Principle of writing and drawing,
A) Right-handed writers take the same time to write as left-handed writers do
B) Individual writing styles are persevered throughout one's lifetime
C) Equal angles are covered in equal times
D) Equal arc lengths are covered in equal times
Q3) Which of the following topics was not covered in the chapter on Drawing and Writing even though, as you think about the control of these activities, you appreciate that it might be important?
A) Allograph-graph distinctions
B) Graphology
C) Semantic influences on copying
D) Pentip pressure
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Chapter 9: Keyboarding
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Sample Questions
Q1) Skilled typists are likely to rely on plans for typing, as shown by the fact that
A) Times between keystrokes are typically shorter than reaction times to external signals for the same individual keystrokes
B) Times between keystrokes are typically longer than reaction times to external signals for the same individual keystrokes, showing that the typists are busy planning
C) Typists plan for events like vacations and their children's education
D) This is what they are told to do in how-to-type books and websites
Q2) Times between keystrokes in typing are
A) Longer for transitions between hands than for transitions within hands
B) Shorter for transitions between hands than for transitions within hands
C) The same for transitions between hands and for transitions within hands
D) Impossible to measure with current technology
Q3) The classic model of typewriting developed by Rumelhart and Norman 1982 relied on
A) Activation but not inhibition between word nodes and keystroke nodes
B) Inhibition but not activation between word nodes and keystroke nodes
C) Activation and inhibition between word nodes and keystroke nodes
D) Rejection of connectionism
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11
Chapter 10: Speaking and Singing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Word games such as speaking Pig Latin and "talking backwards" are important for understanding speech production because these activities
A) Demonstrate the psychological reality of syllables
B) Demonstrate the psychological reality of phonemes
C) Demonstrate that scientists can clown around from time to time
D) a and b but not c
Q2) The difference between the sound of "v" and "f" is attributable to
A) Vibration of the vocal folds in "v" but not in "f"
B) Vibration of the vocal folds in "f" but not in "v"
C) Closing of the velum in "v" but not in "f"
D) Closing of the velum in "f" but not in "v"
Q3) The analysis of speech errors has led to the notion that speech production involves several functional levels. Which of the following is not considered to be one of those levels?
A) The semantic level
B) The syntactic level
C) The Freudian level
D) The phonological level
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Chapter 11: Smiling
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Sample Questions
Q1) Instructions to imagine sad scenes yield increased activity of the _______ muscle, whereas imagination of anger yield increased activity of the _______ muscle.
A) Angular oris, corrugator
B) Corrugator, angular oris
C) Biceps, triceps
D) Triceps, biceps
Q2) The number of distinct, primary emotions is thought to be
A) One or two
B) Three or four
C) Six or eight
D) Too many to count
Q3) Patients with facial paralysis report full-blown sadness, happiness, and other emotions though their overt expressions hardly change. This outcome is problematic for A) The James-Lange theory of emotion
B) The facial feedback hypothesis of Ekman and his colleagues
C) The hypothesis offered by Waynbaum that different facial postures selectively affect blood flow to different parts of the brain.
D) All of the above
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13
Chapter 12: Moving on
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Sample Questions
Q1) The fourteenth century English logician and Franciscan friar, William of Okham, wrote a sentence that urges us, in so many words, to A) Be logical
B) Strive for the simplest explanations possible
C) Pray for nice data
D) None of the above
Q2) Technology has also been brought to bear to help stroke patients regain movement capabilities. Completed research along these lines suggests that
A) Stroke patients might benefit from virtual reality that increases the gain of patients' movements
B) Stroke patients might benefit from virtual reality that decreases the gain of patients' movements
C) Stroke patients might benefit from robots that assist or, in some cases, resist movements
D) All of the above
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