Dental Laboratory Techniques
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Dental Laboratory Techniques is a course designed to introduce students to the foundational skills and principles required in the dental laboratory setting. The curriculum covers the use of dental materials, equipment, and technology to create dental prostheses, such as crowns, bridges, dentures, and orthodontic appliances. Students will learn about the processes of impression taking, model fabrication, wax-ups, casting, and finishing techniques, while emphasizing the importance of precision, aesthetics, and infection control. Through both theoretical instruction and practical, hands-on experiences, students develop the technical competency and critical thinking skills necessary to support dental clinicians in providing high-quality patient care.
Recommended Textbook
Dental Materials 3rd Edition by W.
Stephan Eakle DDS FADM
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643 Verified Questions
643 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Dental Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) Seal of Acceptance
A)Food and Drug Administration
B)American Dental Association
C)International Standards Organization
Answer: B
Q2) Until 1970,which of the following groups of dental auxiliaries were allowed to perform intraoral functions in all states?
1)Dental hygienists
2)Registered dental assistants
3)Certified dental assistants
4)On-the-job trained dental assistants
A) 1,2,3,4
B) 1,2,3
C) 1,2
D) 1
Answer: D
Q3) What would be the four characteristics of the perfect dental material?
Answer: The perfect dental material would be biocompatible,bond permanently to tooth structure,be esthetic with the tooth/tissue structures,and repair or regenerate missing tissues.
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Chapter 2: Oral Environment and Patient Considerations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Normal masticatory forces on the occlusal surfaces of molar teeth can increase to as much as _____ pounds per square inch on a cusp tip.
A) 280
B) 1000
C) 10,000
D) 28,000
Answer: D
Q2) What could excessive expansion of a restorative material result in?
A) Corrosion
B) Galvanism
C) Fracture of cusps
D) Leakage of fluid and bacteria into the gaps
Answer: C
Q3) Tarnish
A)Electrical current between two dissimilar metals
B)Discoloration due to oxidation of the metal's surface
C)Deterioration of the metal due to moisture and acid present in the oral
D)The rate at which heat flows through a material
E)Opening and closing of a gap between the restoration and the tooth surface
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Physical and Mechanical Properties of Dental Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following forms of matter has/have both shape and volume?
1)Solid
2)Liquid
3)Gas
A) 1,2,3
B) 1,2
C) 2,3
D) 1
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is the hardest material?
A) Enamel of a tooth
B) Cementum of a tooth
C) Cast gold restorative material
D) Composite resin restorative material
Answer: A
Q3) What will happen if expired materials or improperly stored materials are used?
A) Render the material ineffective
B) Be of little consequence
C) Cause a toxic reaction
Answer: A
Page 5
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Chapter 4: General Handling and Safety of Dental Materials
in the Dental Office
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Sample Questions
Q1) When would one wear a rubber or neoprene apron?
A) Assisting with treatment of all dental patients
B) Mixing or pouring chemicals that are caustic
C) Assisting with acids used for bonding procedures
D) Grinding partial denture frameworks containing beryllium
Q2) If eyes are exposed to acids used during manipulation of various dental materials,how long is it recommended for the exposed individual to use the nearest eye wash station and flush the eyes with water?
A) 1 minute
B) 5 minutes
C) 10 minutes
D) 15 minutes
Q3) What are the four components of the chemical training program for employees?
Q4) Who provides SDSs?
A) OSHA
B) The doctor
C) The manufacturer
D) The dental supply house
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Chapter 5: Principles of Bonding
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following materials would not be used when placing a direct resin restoration?
A) Bond
B) Etch
C) Cement
D) Curing light
Q2) Which etch or tooth conditioner is used when seating or repairing ceramic restorations?
A) Acetic acid
B) Phosphoric acid
C) Hydrochloric acid
D) Hydrofluoric acid
Q3) Etch gel is typically a/an _____ solution of phosphoric acid.
A) 5%
B) 18%
C) 24%
D) 37%
Q4) What are the three modes of curing for resin bonding agents?
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Composites, glass Ionomers, and Compomers
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the possible outcome of repeated low-level exposure to the blue curing light?
A) Cataract
B) Blindness
C) Detached retina
D) Macular degeneration
Q2) To avoid shrinkage,how should composite resins be placed into a preparation?
A) In large increments
B) In small increments
C) The material does not shrink.
Q3) Which of the following is correct regarding polymerization shrinkage of composite resin restorations?
A) Microfills and flowables shrink less than hybrids and packables.
B) The greater the resin content of the composite,the less will be the shrinkage.
C) Recent research indicates that the composite resin material does not shrink toward the light.
D) When composite is placed and cured in a preparation that has two opposing walls,the composite will expand and push against the walls.
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Chapter 7: Preventive and Desensitizing Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not an indication for pit and fissure sealants?
A) Deep,sticky pits
B) Coalesced grooves
C) Uncoalesced grooves
D) Discoloration of pits
Q2) Which information regarding the sealant procedure does not need to be documented in the patient's chart?
A) Etch time
B) Type of material
C) Type of isolation
D) Tooth number and surface
Q3) What is the proper order for the steps of applying sealant?
A) Etch,clean,cure,seal
B) Clean,etch,seal,cure
C) Etch,seal,cure,clean
D) Clean,seal,cure,etch
Q4) The use of a bonding agent with pit and fissure sealants _____ their longevity.
A) decreases
B) increases
C) has no effect on
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Chapter 8: Teeth Whitening Materials and Procedures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sodium peroxyborate monohydrate (Amosan)is utilized with _____ bleaching.
A) vital external
B) vital internal
C) devital external
D) devital internal
Q2) Bleaching materials often contain _____ to help cut down on tooth sensitivity.
A) potassium nitrate
B) fluoride
C) eugenol
D) calcium hydroxide
Q3) Which of the following statements regarding power-whitening is correct?
A) The patient must return several times in order to get the desired effect.
B) Power-whitening is a permanent procedure.
C) Patients are sent home with custom trays and additional whitening materials.
D) Power-whitening does not cause tooth sensitivity.
Q4) Which stains are most effectively removed by bleaching of vital teeth?
A) Black stains
B) Green stains
C) Blue-gray stains
D) Yellow-brown stains
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Chapter 9: Dental Ceramics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would be taken into consideration when a tooth is shaded?
A) Translucency
B) Texture
C) Luster
D) All of the above
Q2) Silane is a coupling agent that may be added to the _____ surface to enhance the bond and form a chemical union between the porcelain and the resin cement.
A) etched porcelain
B) unetched porcelain
C) etched resin cement
D) unetched resin cement
Q3) When porcelain particles are melted and fused to metal,what is the process known as?
A) Firing
B) Smelting
C) Bonding
D) Sintering
Q4) Describe the different techniques for fabrication of ceramic restorations.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Dental Amalgam
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Sample Questions
Q1) When spherical high-copper dental amalgam alloys are contrasted with admixed dental amalgam alloys,the spherical alloy:
A) needs approximately 10% more mercury than the admixed alloy for the amalgamation process.
B) has very little resistance to condensation into the cavity preparation and feels soft compared with an admixed amalgam.
C) displaces a matrix band and keeps it in contact with the adjacent tooth in class II preparations better than admixed amalgams.
D) has lower 1-hour and 24-hour compressive strengths than admixed amalgams.
Q2) Which of the following is true of tarnish?
A) It is very destructive to the amalgam.
B) Polishing the restoration will increase the tarnish.
C) The smoother the surface,the more it tends to tarnish.
D) It results from contact with oxygen,chlorides,and sulfides in the mouth.
Q3) List the main components of amalgam alloy and describe their function.
Q4) The silver alloy phase
A)Gamma phase ( )
B)Gamma-1 phase ( 1)
C)Gamma-2 phase ( 2)
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Chapter 11: Casting Metals, solders, and Wrought Metal
Alloys
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patients who have an adverse reaction to base-metal appliances such as partial dentures are typically allergic to which metal?
A) Chrome
B) Cobalt
C) Nickel
D) Titanium
Q2) Which description is correct regarding palladium?
A) Is more expensive than gold
B) Has poor corrosion resistance
C) Increases the hardness of the alloy
D) Is a precious metal but it is not considered noble
Q3) Why are silver-based solders used primarily in dentistry?
A) Add contacts to a bridge
B) Join together units of a bridge
C) Create wires,brackets,and bands used in orthodontics
D) Solder wire components to removable orthodontic appliances
Q4) What are silver solders used for?
A) Soldering orthodontic wires
B) Soldering crowns and pontics
C) Soldering partial denture clasps
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Chapter 12: Dental Implants
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Sample Questions
Q1) List and describe the different types of surgical procedures for placement of implants.
Q2) Which of the following metals is most commonly used for implants?
A) Nickel
B) Titanium
C) Stainless steel
D) Molybdenum
Q3) What is an advantage to image-guided implant planning using cone-beam computed tomography?
A) Density of the bone
B) Precise thickness and height of ridge
C) Location of nerves and blood vessels
D) All of the above
Q4) The _____ attaches to the impression abutment and is used to replicate the implant fixture for the laboratory cast.
A) cover screw
B) implant analog
C) healing abutment
D) impression abutment coping
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Chapter 13: Abrasion, finishing, and Polishing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The philosophy of _____ polishing is regarded as the most appropriate approach in the selection of which teeth and surfaces to polish.
A) aggressive
B) complete
C) selective
D) no
Q2) Tin oxide
A)An extremely fine abrasive used extensively as a final polishing agent for enamel and restorations
B)A natural abrasive composed of quartz and silica
C)Volcanic silica manufactured as a loose abrasive
D)A synthetic material that produces an extremely hard and efficient abrasive material
E)A synthetic abrasive;the powder form is used in sandblasting restorations in preparation for cementation
Q3) Define finishing,polishing,and cleansing.
Q4) Describe the rationale for selective polishing.
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Chapter 14: Dental Cement
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Q1) For which of the following cements is the powder dispensed in four to six portions on one end of a glass slab,and then incorporated in small increments into the liquid,with each increment mixed for 10 to 15 seconds?
A) Zinc polycarboxylate cement
B) Zinc oxide eugenol cement
C) Zinc phosphate cement
D) Glass ionomer cement
Q2) Secondary consistency
A)A thin layer of material placed to protect the tooth from the components of dental materials and microleakage,stimulate reparative dentin,or act as a pulp capping
B)A thin layer placed on the floor and walls of the preparation to seal tubules and minimize microleakage
C)A thick layer of cement used to protect the tooth from chemical and thermal irritation
D)Thick,putty-like,condensable material that can be rolled into a ball or rope,suitable for use as a base
E)Less viscous,flows easily,can be drawn to a 1-inch string with a spatula,suitable for luting
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Impression Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) What could occur if a cast is made from an improperly disinfected impression?
A) Will not harbor microorganisms
B) Should be immersed in solution
C) Should be stored for 24 hours first
D) Cannot be disinfected,so start over
Q2) What is the ideal time frame for pouring an alginate impression?
A) An hour
B) A day
C) A week
D) A month
Q3) Mixed alginate should be loaded into the impression tray in _____ increments as _____ as possible.
A) large;quickly
B) large;slowly
C) small;quickly
D) small;slowly
Q4) When mixing alginate,as the water temperature increases,the working time: A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) stays the same.
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Chapter 16: Gypsum and Wax Products
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Q1) List and describe the use of the different types of gypsum products used in dentistry.
Q2) Which of the following dental gypsum products will require the least water for mixing and will have the highest final density?
A) Impression plaster (Type I)
B) Model plaster (Type II)
C) Dental stone (Type III)
D) Dental stone,high strength (Type IV)
Q3) -Hemihydrate is commonly used for:
A) die stone.
B) working casts.
C) diagnostic models.
D) dental investment.
Q4) Wax patterns should be invested within _____ of carving.
A) minutes
B) hours
C) days
D) weeks
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18
Chapter 17: Polymers for Prosthetic Dentistry
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true about polymers?
A) They are large,long-chain molecules.
B) They are small,long-chain molecules.
C) They are large,short-chain molecules.
D) They are small,short-chain molecules.
Q2) Which of the following is true of the chairside reline?
A) It utilizes an indirect technique in which an impression of the tissues is made inside the existing denture and a cast is made from this impression.
B) The reline material is applied to the primed denture base,and the denture is reseated in the patient's mouth for border molding.
C) An indexing instrument is used to establish the relationship between the cast and the denture.
D) The lining material is heat- and pressure-processed in the denture base.
Q3) The monomer will _____ if the temperature becomes too great during the polymerization process.
A) vaporize and produce porosity
B) cause crazing of the material
C) bleach the denture white
D) warp the prosthesis
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Provisional Restorations
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Q1) Direct fabrication
A)The continuous margin that borders the preparation to which the restoration is fit or finished
B)A restoration that covers all or part of the external surface of the tooth and may extend over the cusp tips on facial or lingual surfaces or include the removal of cusps
C)Provisional restoration made on a cast outside the patient's mouth
D)A restoration within the crown of the tooth,such as an inlay
E)Provisional restoration made directly inside the patient's mouth
Q2) Which of the following is true of the direct technique for provisional coverage?
A) An impression of the area is made and poured in stone;the template is then made on this model.
B) The provisional is fabricated on a model and then relined before it is placed on the preparation.
C) A template of the tooth before preparation is obtained using wax or an impression material directly in the mouth.
D) The direct technique allows for superior access and enhances the time and convenience of making multi-unit bridges or crowns in difficult-to-access areas.
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Chapter 19: Preventive and Corrective Oral Appliances
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Sample Questions
Q1) When would a space maintainer be used?
A) Hold space for a permanent tooth
B) Guide a permanent tooth into place
C) Prevent a primary tooth from being lost prematurely
D) Open more space in the dental arch for accurate eruption
Q2) Removable appliances that are designed to gently move teeth into predetermined positions
A)Mouth guard
B)Obstructive sleep apnea
C)Space maintainer
D)Orthodontic tooth aligners
Q3) Which of the following is true regarding sports guards?
A) They usually cover the mandibular teeth,gingiva,and bone.
B) They can absorb 100% of the energy from a traumatic hit to the mouth.
C) They cannot prevent lacerations to the lips for athletes with orthodontic braces or brackets.
D) They can cushion the maxillary and mandibular teeth when an athlete's jaws are forced together by a blow to the lower jaw.
Q4) What instructions would be given to a patient who receives a soft sports or bruxism guard?
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