Database Security and Administration Final Exam
Course Introduction
This course provides a comprehensive overview of database security and administration, focusing on the techniques and technologies essential for protecting data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Students will explore topics such as access control, user authentication, auditing, encryption, vulnerability assessment, and compliance with security policies in database environments. The course also covers administrative responsibilities including backup and recovery strategies, performance monitoring, and managing user privileges. Through hands-on labs and case studies, students will develop the practical skills needed to implement and maintain secure database systems in enterprise settings.
Recommended Textbook
Database Design Application Development and Administration 3rd Edition by Michael Mannino
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Database Management
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Q1) A DBMS provides software that can execute:
A) On the client
B) On the server
C) On both the client and the server
D) None of the above
Answer: C
Q2) ____________________ is the concept that a database should have an identity separate from the applications that use it.
Answer: data independence
Q3) The retrieval of summarized data to support long-range decisions is a dominant feature of data warehousing,whereas a mixture of updating and retrieving data is characteristic of databases that support the day to day operations of an organization.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) A(n)______________ is a cluster of data usually about a single topic that can be accessed together.
Answer: entity
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Chapter 2: Introduction to Database Development
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Q1) The conceptual data modeling and logical database design phases are not concerned with the efficient implementation of a database.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The __________________ strategy,which breaks a large problem into many smaller problems,is one way to manage complexity in database design. Answer: divide-and-conquer
Q3) In the database development process,the _________________ phase uses entity relationship diagrams (ERDs)and converts them into relational table designs. Answer: logical database design
Q4) A design approach in which ERDs are constructed for each group of users and merged into a complete conceptual schema is referred to as _____________________________.
Answer: view design and integration
Q5) A set of related components that work together to accomplish some objective is known as a(n)__________________. Answer: system
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Chapter 3: The Relational Data Model
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Q1) The ________________ operator compresses a table by replacing groups of rows with individual rows containing calculated values.
Answer: summarize
Q2) The relational algebra operator that produces a subset of the columns of the input table is the _________________ operator.
Answer: project
Q3) The primary key of a table is chosen among:
A) All attributes
B) All superkeys
C) All combinations of all attributes
D) All candidate keys
Answer: D
Q4) A(n)_________________ is an operator that includes in the result table the matching rows of the input tables and the nonmatching rows from the designated input table.
Answer: one-sided outer join
Q5) In the set-oriented database terminology,a(n)____________ is synonymous with a row.
Answer: tuple
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Chapter 4: Query Formulation With SQL
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Sample Questions
Q1) SQL is an acronym for ___________________________.
Q2) The execution of the ORACLE SQL command SELECT * FROM RENTALS
WHERE Date_Out BETWEEN '01-AUG-1994' AND '31-DEC-1994'
Will produce the following number of rows:
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q3) Although more difficult to read,the primary advantage of the join operator style is that you can use it to write queries involving outer joins between two or more tables.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The BETWEEN-AND operator includes the end points of the interval specified.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A join between two copies of the same table which is useful for determining relationships among rows of the same table is called a(n)__________________.
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Chapter 5: Understanding Entity Relations
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Q1) In a generalization hierarchy,since each subtype entity is a supertype entity,the relationship between the two is known as ISA.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In reviewing an ERD for consistency,the property of uniqueness applies to:
A) Entity type names
B) Attribute names within entity types and relationships
C) Attribute names in a subtype
D) All of the above
Q3) If we want to indicate that the authors of a book have conceived it when visiting another author in some country,the usual symbol used in the Chen ERD notation would be:
A) A relationship connecting Book, Country, and Author
B) An associative entity type connecting to Book and Country
C) Three binary relationships connecting pairwise Book, Country, and Author
D) Two binary relationships connecting Book and Country, and Book and Author
Q4) When an entity cannot exist unless another related entity exists,this is known as __________________.
Q5) In Crow's Foot notation,a circle means a cardinality of ______________.
Q6) A(n)______________ relationship is indicated by a minimum cardinality of zero.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Developing Data Models for Business Databases
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Q1) A common refinement of a data model is to transform an _________ into an entity type.This is useful when the database should contain more than just the identifier of an entity.
Q2) Whenever an entity can exist in multiple states,a generalization hierarchy should be used.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In refining a data model,you should generate ______________ and evaluate them according to user requirements.
Q4) A common design error is to leave relationships in a design that could be derived from other relationships.These relationships are referred to as ___________ relationships.
Q5) Which of the following ERD conversion rules should be applied before the others:
A) 1-M Relationship Rule
B) M-N Relationship Rule
C) Identification Dependency Rule
D) Generalization Hierarchy Rule
Q6) One important reason for documenting design decisions it to _______________ those decisions to others.
8
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Chapter 7: Normalization of Relational Tables
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Q1) There is no known general algorithm to convert tables to DKNF.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A relationship that can be derived from other relationships is known in relational database terminology as a(n)____________________________.
Q3) The table STUDENTD satisfies the following normal form (choose the highest NF):
A) 2NF
B) 3NF
C) BCNF
D) 4NF
Q4) A table would be in ___________ if a three-way relationship should be replaced with three binary tables instead of two.
Q5) One of the arguments in favor of using normalization as a refinement tool instead of an initial design tool is that by first developing an ERD,much of the normalization is done informally and therefore is not as tedious a process as recording all the functional dependencies.
A)True
B)False
Q6) _________________ is the process of combing tables to make them easier to query.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Physical Database Design
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Q1) In the processing of an SQL statement by the DBMS,a relational algebra query is the output of:
A) Code generation
B) Query transformation
C) Syntax and semantics analysis
D) Access plan evaluation
Q2) Which of the following is not true about the difficulty of index selection?
A) The number of choices of indexes is linear in the number of columns
B) The query optimizer may have subtle reasons not to use an index
C) Values of parameters used in SQL statements of forms often vary from highly selective to not very selective
D) Index choices can be interrelated in a subtle way
Q3) To retrieve logical record 2312,how many physical records will need to be accessed?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q4) A simple file structure in which records are stored by a key value is a(n)_________________ file.
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Chapter 9: Advanced Query Formulation With SQL
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Q1) The following SQL statement would execute in both Access and Oracle 8i: SELECT FacSSN,FacLastName,StdSSN,StdLastName FROM Faculty FULL JOIN Student ON Faculty.SSN = Student.SSN
A)True
B)False
Q2) In SQL statements,________________ conditions involve a column or column expression,a comparison operator,and another column,column expression or constant.
Q3) Type I nested queries can be used like loops and Type II nested queries can be used like procedures in a programming language. A)True
B)False
Q4) When null values exist in one of the columns in a simple condition,it is possible that those rows will not appear in the result of either the simple condition or its negation. A)True B)False
Q5) A relational algebra operator used to combine rows from two tables is the ______________ operator.
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Chapter 10: Application Development With Views
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Q1) The innermost line in a report is called the ______________.
Q2) Some modifications to updatable views can be problematic because they can cause an unexpected ______________ to occur when rows of the view disappear.
Q3) For each Cregion,you want to show each customer (CNAME),and for each customer,each rental ordered by Make,showing PICKUP,RETURN and DATE-OUT.Which of the following would be a group in a hierarchical report?
A) MAKE
B) PICKUP
C) RETURN
D) RENTALS
Q4) The motivations for using views are that they support data independence,simplify query formulation,and provide flexible security.
A)True
B)False
Q5) One of the advantages of views is __________________,meaning if an application accesses the database through a view,most changes to the conceptual schema will not affect the application.
Q6) A hierarchical report is also known as a(n)_________________.
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Chapter 11: Stored Procedures and Triggers
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Q1) A ______________ can be implicit or explicit.
Q2) An unnamed PL/SQL block of code,which is useful for testing procedures and triggers,is known as a(n)_________ block.
Q3) The PL/SQL code block above is an example of:
A) An anonymous block.
B) A PL/SQL package.
C) A PL/SQL function.
D) None of the above.
Q4) An important benefit of PL/SQL functions is that they can be used as expressions in SELECT statements.
A)True
B)False
Q5) An explicit cursor cannot use parameters for non-constant search values in the associated SELECT statement.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The _________________ of a trigger involves the keywords BEFORE,AFTER,or INSTEAD OF,along with a triggering event using the keywords INSERT,UPDATE,or DELETE.
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Chapter 12: View Design and Integration
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Q1) View integration can be more complex with the incremental approach.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The form primary key is:
A) Rental#
B) Item#
C) CustId
D) Mfg
Q3) In database design,a(n)_________________ occurs when the usage context of the same term varies between forms.
Q4) In a typical integration strategy,parallel integration is applied to the ERDs that have resulted from integrating view subsets,in order to produce a final,integrated ERD for the database.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Data entry forms can be an important source of requirements for a database design.
A)True
B)False
Q6) In a form hierarchy diagram,a rectangle is used to identify a(n)______________.
Page 14
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Chapter 14: Data and Database Administration
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Q1) Inconsistency of customer names across operational databases typically would negatively affect the decision making of:
A) Strategic management
B) Tactical management
C) Operational management
D) Low level management
Q2) The stages of information transformation that each entity in an organization goes through are collectively known as its ________________________.
Q3) Which of the following is not an example of transaction processing?
A) Processing 5-year sales data for market analysis
B) Processing monthly payroll
C) Producing year-end tax information for each employee
D) Processing a health insurance claim
Q4) ___________________ is a database security approach in which a user can access a database element if their clearance level provides access to the classification level of that element.
Q5) A(n)___________________ database directly supports the major,daily functions of an organization.
Q6) ___________________ rules are checked when a user first connects to a DBMS.
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Chapter 15: Transaction Management
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Q1) The serializable isolation level is not as strict as either the read committed or the repeatable read.
A)True
B)False
Q2) With the _____________________ approach,database updates are written to disk only after a transaction commits.
Q3) In the two-phase locking protocol:
A) A transaction only acquires a lock after the previously acquired lock has been released
B) A transaction acquires locks as needed. After it starts releasing locks, it does not acquire new locks
C) A transaction acquires all needed locks at once, then releases them after completion
D) The transaction locks the full database, then releases the locks
Q4) A lost update problem occurs when two or more transactions are trying to write to the same part of the database.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Name three types of inconsistent retrievals:
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Chapter 16: Data Warehouse Technology and Management
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Q1) Which of the following features usually applies to data in a data warehouse?
A) Data are very detailed
B) Data are shown by process orientation
C) There is a high level of data redundancy
D) Data updates are very frequent
Q2) A data warehouse refers to a central data repository where data from operational databases and other sources are integrated,cleaned,and standardized to support decision making.The transformational activities (cleaning,integrating,and standardizing)are essential for achieving benefits.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A multidimensional data model used in relational databases that has multiple levels of dimension tables related to one or more fact tables is known as a(n)_____________________ schema.
Q4) ______________ is the process of discovering implicit data patterns in the data of a data warehouse,and using those patterns for business advantage.
Q5) In refreshing a data warehouse,________________ change data involves notification from a source system,and typically occurs after a transaction is completed using a trigger.
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Chapter 17: Client-Server Processing and Distributed Databases
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Q1) In parallel database processing one of the standard classifications of architecture is referred to as shared everything (SE).Which of the statements below is true of the SE architecture?
A) In the SE architecture, each processor has its private memory, but disks are shared among all processors.
B) In the SE architecture, each processor has its own memory and disks.
C) In the SE approach, memory and disks are shared among a collection of processors.
D) None of the above
Q2) Which of the following is not a typical example of flexibility provided by a client-server approach with distributed processing?
A) Easily change the database language
B) Change the user interface for the sales department
C) Supports reusability through object orientation
D) Make a user interface for the newly created position of human resources advisor
Q3) A(n)_______________________,the oldest kind of middleware,relieves the operating system of managing database processes.
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Chapter 18: Object Database Management Systems
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Q1) In the object relational approach,complex data such as video data are not processed through commands of the database language.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Two advantages of object relational DBMSs are their integration of simple and complex data,and their reliability with user-defined functions and storage structures.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is not true of the object database middleware approach?
A) The usual data and complex (e.g. media) data reside on the same database
B) The client issues SQL statements for both usual data and complex data
C) The object middleware issues the API calls for the complex data
D) Combined requests for usual and complex data are not optimized
Q4) In SQL:1999,the keyword ________________ in a method definition indicates that the child method being defined overrides the definition in the parent type.
Q5) In SQL:1999,a(n)_______________ is an alternative table definition that references a user-defined type instead of listing column names and associated data types.
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