Culture and Identity Test
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Course Introduction
This course explores the complex interplay between culture and personal, social, and collective identity in a globalized world. Students will examine theories and frameworks that explain how cultural norms, values, traditions, and symbols shape individuals' sense of self and belonging. Through a multidisciplinary lens, the course delves into topics such as ethnicity, language, religion, gender, and migration, analyzing their roles in identity formation. Case studies and contemporary issues provide practical contexts for understanding the challenges and opportunities in negotiating identity in multicultural societies. By the end of the course, students will develop a nuanced appreciation for diversity and the ways culture informs both individual and group identities.
Recommended Textbook
Cultural Anthropology 16th Edition by Conrad Phillip Kottak
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963 Verified Questions
963 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Anthropology
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Sample Questions
Q1) As an academic discipline, anthropology falls under both the social sciences and the humanities.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Applied anthropology encompasses any use of the knowledge and/or techniques of its four subfields to identify, assess, and solve theoretical problems.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The American Anthropological Association has formally acknowledged a public service role by recognizing that anthropology has which two dimensions?
A)academic anthropology and applied anthropology
B)ethnology and public ethnography
C)cultural resource management and medical anthropology
D)private anthropology and public anthropology
E)applied anthropology and practicing anthropology
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of independent invention, the process by which people in different societies have innovated and changed in similar but independent ways?
A)acculturation
B)culture
C)globalization
D)agriculture
E)language
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is a cultural generality?
A)exogamy
B)the use of fire
C)the incest taboo
D)the use of symbols
E)the nuclear family
Answer: E
Q3) Culture is transmitted in society.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology
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70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In survey research, a sample should
A)include the entire population in question.
B)include anyone who will be interviewed by the ethnographer.
C)target only one social, cultural, or environmental factor that influences behavior.
D)be constituted so as to allow inferences about the larger population.
E)be invariant.
Answer: D
Q2) Given the realities of the contemporary world, anthropologists need to apply methods that protect their analyses from biases caused by external forces.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Because there are so many anthropologists in the United States, the distinction between emic and etic does not apply to American culture.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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5
Chapter 4: Applying Anthropology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of the work that applied anthropologists do?
A)They enter the affected communities and talk with people.
B)They gather government statistics.
C)They consult project managers.
D)They consult government officials and other experts.
E)They promote development.
Q2) The Samoan community living in Los Angeles has successfully used the matai system to deal with modern urban problems.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is a disease?
A)a health problem as it is experienced by the one affected
B)an artificial product of biomedicine
C)a consequence of a foraging lifestyle
D)an unnatural state of health
E)a scientifically identified health threat
Q4) Strictly speaking, medical anthropology is an applied field within anthropology.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Language and Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ refers to the specialized set of terms and distinctions that are particularly important to certain groups.
A)Syntactical vocabulary
B)Spatial vocabulary
C)Focal vocabulary
D)Vernacular vocabulary
E)Temporal vocabulary
Q2) The lexicon of a language is
A)a dictionary containing all of its morphemes and their meanings.
B)its degree of complexity.
C)the set of rules that govern the written but not spoken language.
D)its symbolic and poetic value.
E)the range of speech sounds.
Q3) What term refers to languages that have descended from the same ancestral language?
A)F2 languages
B)sibling languages
C)daughter languages
D)brother languages
E)protolanguages
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Chapter 6: Ethnicity and Race
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term for the arbitrary rule that automatically places the children of a union between members of different socioeconomic groups into the less-privileged group?
A)hypervitaminosis
B)polygyny
C)polyandry
D)hypodescent
E)hypogamy
Q2) Support or refute this statement: By rejecting the race concept, anthropologists are ignoring obvious human biological variation.
Q3) Why are forms of mass media such as print and television important to the existence of what Benedict Anderson calls an "imagined community?" How are new communication technologies supporting or changing what Anderson meant by this term?
Q4) Colonialism often erected boundaries that corresponded poorly with preexisting cultural divisions.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is hypodescent? Why is it an arbitrary rule of racial classification?
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Chapter 7: Making a Living
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Sample Questions
Q1) Do people in all societies maximize material benefits? If not, what other things could be maximized to help explain their motives in everyday life? Do anthropologists believe that the profit maximization motive is a universal? What do you think? Explain your answer.
Q2) Which of the following is most characteristic of foragers?
A)unilineal descent and ancestor worship
B)territoriality and organized warfare
C)high mobility and small groups with flexible affiliations
D)a redistributive economy and specialized leadership roles
E)permanent villages and full-time priests
Q3) In order to intensify production, agriculturalists frequently build irrigation canals and terraces.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Potlatching is a form of competitive feasting that enables individuals to redistribute surplus materials while simultaneously increasing their own prestige.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Political Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) A fiscal system includes the judges, laws, and courts that resolve conflicts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Pantribal sodalities function to integrate the community by providing a series of important nonkin relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The sociopolitical organization of foragers tends to be bands.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Anthropologist Susan Kent notes a tendency to stereotype foragers, to treat them as all alike.They used to be stereotyped as isolated, primitive survivors of the Stone Age.Another common, more recent, stereotype of foragers sees them as A)peaceful individuals in touch with their inner selves.
B)culturally deprived people forced by states, colonialism, or world events into marginalized environments.
C)ideal humans with the perfect diet and rhythm of life.
D)not isolated at all but living in nation-states and an interlinked world.
E)primitive survivors not of the Stone Age but of the Bronze Age.
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Chapter 9: Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recent cross-cultural studies of gender roles demonstrate that
A)the gender roles of men and women are largely determined by their biological capabilities-relative strength, endurance, intelligence, and so on.
B)women are subservient in nearly all societies, because their subsistence activities contribute much less to the total diet than do those of men.
C)foraging, horticultural, pastoral, and industrial societies all have similar attitudes toward sex but different attitudes toward gender.
D)changes in the gender roles of men and women are usually associated with social decay and anarchy.
E)the relative status of women is variable, depending on such factors as the type of subsistence strategy employed, the importance of warfare, and the prevalence of a domestic-public dichotomy.
Q2) With the baby boom and the increase in industrialization, women have contributed more and more to the workplace while receiving pay equal to that of their male coworkers.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Families, Kinship, and Descent
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which term refers to the family in which a child is raised?
A)family of procreation
B)family of orientation
C)family of nucleation
D)genealogical family
E)family of kin
Q2) A descent group consists only of a married couple and their children.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the name of the postmarital residence pattern in which the married couple is expected to establish their own home?
A)neolocality
B)patrilocality
C)matrilocality
D)ambilocality
E)uxorilocality
Q4) A nuclear family includes ego, ego's parents, and ego's grandparents.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Marriage
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cultures have different definitions and expectations of relationships that are biologically or genetically equivalent.In other words, kinship is socially constructed.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a rule of endogamy?
A)a taboo on marrying members of the same totemic group
B)the Nazi law forbidding Aryans from marrying anyone but other Aryans
C)a taboo against marrying within the same village
D)a taboo on mating with members of one's extended family
E)the incest taboo
Q3) The biological degeneration explanation for the incest taboo has won over supporters because of universal concerns about biology.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Polygynous marriages often serve important economic and political functions, with the number of wives a man has serving as an indicator of his wealth, prestige, and status.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Antimodernism describes the rejection of the modern in favor of what is perceived to be an earlier, purer, better way of life.Fundamentalism describes antimodernist movements in various religions.Ironically,
A)fundamentalist movements have both benefited from and promoted the use of technology for international networking.
B)fundamentalists never lead a better way of life, precisely because they reject the benefits of modern life.
C)religious fundamentalism is itself a modern phenomenon, based on a strong feeling among its adherents of alienation from the perceived secularism of the surrounding modern culture.
D)fundamentalist sentiments depend on recognition of the modern culture.
E)religious fundamentalism is an extremely old phenomenon that actually spurred the rise of modernism.
Q2) A "world-rejecting religion" is one that
A)concerns itself with a higher realm of spirituality.
B)rejects worldly goods and popular culture.
C)is polytheistic or monotheistic, and is led by a shaman.
D)has been rejected by the world.
E)focuses on a higher realm of reality.
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Chapter 13: Arts, Media, and Sports
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Western societies, the standards for artistic completeness and mastery are maintained in large part by critics, specialists, and experts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What kind of society most likely has buildings dedicated to the arts?
A)band
B)tribe
C)forager
D)segmentary lineage
E)state
Q3) Appreciation for the arts must be learned, this being part of the process of A)aesthetic tuning.
B)biological adaptation.
C)imitation.
D)cultural evolution.
E)enculturation.
Q4) In states, all artwork can be clearly attributed to a specific artist.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Where is art found? Is art found in the same contexts in all kinds of societies?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: The World System and Colonialism
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Q1) According to Weber, what are the three dimensions of social stratification?
A)the means of production, mode of production, and measure of production
B)status, exchange, and religion
C)gender, ethnicity, and race
D)wealth, power, and prestige
E)age, gender, and ethnicity
Q2) The labels First World, Second World, and Third World represent a common, if ethnocentric, way of categorizing nations.First World refers to the democratic West, which is traditionally conceived of as being in opposition to a Second World ruled by A)folk economic and political models.
B)primitive neoliberalism.
C)Communism.
D)dictators.
E)imperialism.
Q3) The British notion of the "white man's burden" was similar to the French concept mission civilisatrice, in that both were racist ideologies used to justify the colonial efforts of their respective countries.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Diseases that spread from animals to humans are known as zoonotic diseases.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The term indigenous people gained legitimacy within international law with the creation in 1982 of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Westernization is a form of what kind of cultural change?
A)exodus
B)imperialism
C)acculturation
D)enculturation
E)migration
Q4) Development projects usually fail when they try to replace indigenous institutions with culturally alien concepts.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How have indigenous movements, political mobilization, and identity politics affected ethnography?
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