Cultural Studies
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Cultural Studies is an interdisciplinary field that examines how culture shapes and is shaped by social, political, economic, and historical forces. This course explores a wide range of cultural texts and practices including literature, media, art, fashion, and popular culture to analyze the ways in which power, identity, race, gender, class, and ideology intersect. Students will engage with critical theories and methodologies to develop nuanced perspectives on cultural phenomena, fostering critical thinking and an understanding of the complexities of cultural production and consumption in a globalized world.
Recommended Textbook Culture and Values A Survey of the Humanities 8th Edition by Lawrence S. Cunningham
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Beginnings
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Q1) What was the most important new religious figure of the New Kingdom of ancient Egypt?
A)Aton
B)Isis
C)Minos
D)Knossos
Answer: A
Q2) _______________________ Family of languages including Arabic, Hebrew, and Aramaic.
Answer: Semitic
Q3) Where are some of the oldest paintings of humankind found?
A)Sub-Saharan Africa
B)Lascaux
C)Amarna
D)Egypt
Answer: B
Q4) _______________________ A river in ancient Mesopotamia.
Answer: Euphrates
Q5) _______________________ Sumerian religious structure.
Answer: ziggurat
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Chapter 2: The Rise of Greece
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Q1) What is a mode?
A)a distinct scale type
B)a stringed instrument
C)a narrative song
D)a historical story
Answer: A
Q2) How did the Doric style differ from the Ionic style or order of architecture consider the base, capital, frieze)?
Answer: The Doric order architecture differed from the Ionic style or order of architecture in the following ways: 11ed8695_3a24_c2e1_9427_7361939026c9_TB3409_11
Q3) Who are Achilles, Agamemnon, Hector, Patroclus and Priam?
A)The main characters in the Odyssey
B)Greek gods
C)The main characters in the Iliad
D)Greek philosophers
Answer: C
Q4) _______________________ The first author of Greek epic poetry.
Answer: Homer
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Chapter 3: Classical Greece and the Hellenistic Period
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Q1) What was the primary function of the chorus in Sophocles' plays?
A)To sing praise to the gods
B)To provide a commentary upon a drama
C)To interject comic episodes into a tragic play
D)To help forward the action of the plot
Answer: B
Q2) What name is given to the period of history following the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C.E.and until the rise of the Roman Empire)?
A)The Doric Period
B)The Delian Period
C)The Peloponnesian Period
D)The Hellenistic Period
Answer: D
Q3) To whom was the Parthenon dedicated?
A)Apollo
B)Zeus
C)Athena
D)Minerva
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Rome
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Q1) Which Roman literary work is a key source of information about Greek and Roman mythology?
A)Meditations
B)The Aeneid
C)Sulpicia
D)Metamorphoses
Q2) _______________________ Roman lyric poet during the 1<sup>st</sup> century BCE
Q3) Who is the most famous of all Roman poets?
A)Horace
B)Diocletian
C)Vergil
D)Cicero
Q4) What are the two main periods of Roman history called?
A)The Caesarean and Augustan Periods
B)Republican and Imperial Rome
C)The Epicurean and Stoic Periods
D)Punic and Octavian Rome
Q5) _______________________ Epic poem about the founding of Rome
Q6) _______________________ Wars between the Romans and the Carthaginians.
Q7) _______________________ Egyptian Queen defeated by Octavian Page 6
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Chapter 5: Ancient Civilizations of India and China
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Q1) How is the Hebrew Bible divided?
A)The Law, the Prophets, and the Writings
B)The Psalms, the Tenets, and the Epistles
C)The Gospel, The Babylonian Letters, and the Writings
D)The Creation Story, The Pauline Letters, and the Book of Revelation
Q2) What factors contributed to the success of the spread of Christianity?
Q3) _______________________ Central aisle of a basilica
Q4) What person became the most important figure in the spread of the Christian church after the death of Jesus?
A)Peter
B)John
C)Matthew
D)Paul
Q5) What is the Septuagint?
A)A Latin version of the Greek Old Testament
B)A translation into Sanskrit of the Greek Old Testament
C)A Greek version of the Hebrew Old Testament
D)A translation into Latin of the Greek New Testament
Q6) What prompted the Christian church to create the position of cantor?
Q7) _______________________ The "good news" of Christianity
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Chapter 6: The Rise of the Biblical Tradition
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Q1) What was Justinian's major architectural achievement ?
A)The construction of the Galla Placidia Church
B)The rebuilding of San Vitale
C)The rebuilding of Hagia Sophia
D)The construction of the Arian Baptistery
Q2) What major religious division is evident in the two baptisteries of Ravenna?
A)Between Muslims and Christians
B)Between Orthodox and Arian Christians
C)Between Catholic and Protestant Christians
D)Between Jews and Christians
Q3) What name is given to the sequence of the various parts of a worship service?
A)Order
B)Mass
C)Liturgy
D)Agnus Dei
Q4) _______________________ A group of early Christians that saw Jesus as distinct from God the Father.
Q5) What was Emperor Justinian's most important legal achievement? Why was it so significant?
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Q6) What is the significance of the icon in the Orthodox Church?
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Chapter 7: Early Christianity: Ravenna and Byzantium
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Q1) What city became the Muslim capital in Spain?
A)Madrid
B)Seville
C)Valencia
D)Córdoba
Q2) What is interesting about the site of The Great Mosque of Damascus?
A)The site was once a pagan burial ground.
B)The site was once a Christian basilica.
C)The site once housed a Platonic academy.
D)The site is in the capital of the Abbasid Dynasty.
Q3) _______________________ The pulpit in an Islamic mosque
Q4) What was distinctive about the way Rumi recited his poetry?
A)He recited in a whisper.
B)He danced while reciting.
C)He chanted in harmony with other Sufis.
D)He recited only while lying down.
Q5) _______________________ Decoration using complex interlaced lines
Q6) _______________________ Crier who calls Muslim worshipers to daily prayers
Q7) Why are translations of the Qur'an not considered to be authentic but rather glosses of the original?
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Chapter 8: Islam
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Q1) _______________________The room used by monks for the copying of manuscripts
Q2) How did the Quem Queritis trope affect the development of western drama?
Q3) _______________________Grammar, rhetoric, and dialectic
Q4) Who was Hildegard of Bingen?
A)A pagan heretic
B)A mythical heroine
C)A Benedictine nun
D)The mother of Charlemagne
Q5) Why can early medieval drama be described as "liturgical drama"?
A)It was based on religious themes.
B)It was performed in the cathedral.
C)It was performed at the monastery.
D)It was performed during Mass.
Q6) Who were the jongleurs?
A)jurists
B)court musicians
C)traveling minstrels
D)judges
Q7) _______________________Symbols used for notation in Gregorian chant
Q8) _______________________Singing without instrumental accompaniment Page 11
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Chapter 9: The Rise of Medieval Culture
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Q1) Why did medieval universities require their student to participate in note-taking and copying?
A)Because books were so expensive
B)To emphasize patience and discipline
C)Because students fell asleep in class
D)To improve short-range vision
Q2) _______________________ Intellectual techniques using reason to draw logical conclusions.
Q3) Who invented the system of musical notation that we use today?
A)Guillaume Dufay
B)Guido d'Arezzo
C)Perotin
D)Boethius
Q4) _______________________ Musical compositions with three voices, often singing in different languages.
Q5) _______________________ Method for reconciling conflicting theological opinions.
Q6) _______________________ A church designated as a destination for traveling worshippers.
Q8) How did the cathedral play an integral part in the lives of the townspeople? Page 13
Q7) _______________________ Fraternal associations of craftsmen or merchants.
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Page 14
Chapter 10: The High Middle Ages
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Q1) Who was one of the first women in medieval Europe to make a living as a professional writer?
A)Francesca Caccini
B)Nicola Pisano
C)Christine de Pisan
D)Laura Brunelleschi
Q2) ______________________ Embellishment or improvising upon noted music with sounds not written on the page
Q3) What was the subject of the painting the Lamentation?
A)The body of Christ surrounded by the disciples
B)An unnamed father's loss of his child to the plague
C)St.Peter's remorse at having betrayed Christ
D)Dido's grief at being abandoned by Aeneas
Q4) Who composed the Messe de Notre Dame?
A)Francesco Landini
B)Guillaume Dufay
C)Guillaume de Machaut
D)Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Q5) _______________________Author of Lives of the Artists
Q6) _______________________ Refers to the 1300s in Italy
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Chapter 11: The Fourteenth Century: a Time of Transition
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Q1) Which city was the most important center of the early Italian Renaissance?
A)Venice
B)Naples
C)Florence
D)Rome
Q2) What was Brunelleschi's contribution to Florence Cathedral?
A)He painted the interior frescoes.
B)He designed the dome.
C)He designed the transept.
D)He created the artwork for the nave.
Q3) _______________________ Books that included psalms and passages to be recited at certain times during the day
Q4) What was the subject of Donatello's most famous near-life size sculpture?
A)Adam
B)Moses
C)Abraham
D)David
Q5) _______________________ Humorous or amorous poem set to music
Q6) _______________________ The period named after Lorenzo de' Medici's accomplishments
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Chapter 12: The Renaissance in the Fifteenth Century
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Q1) Who was Sofonisba Anguissola? What is she known for and what did she depict in her work?
Q2) How did Venetian painters differ from painters in southern Italy during the Renaissance?
A)Venetians painted religious subjects, while southern painters focused on secular subjects.
B)Venetians painted frescoes, while southern painters focused on oil painting.
C)Venetians emphasized color, while southern painters focused on line.
D)Venetians painted nudes, while southern painters focused on clothed figures.
Q3) Which city is most associated with the High Renaissance in Italy?
A)Venice
B)Rome
C)Padua
D)Florence
Q4) Who sang in the Sistine Choir?
A)Unaccompanied female voices
B)Accompanied female voices
C)Unaccompanied male voices
D)A mixture of male and female voices
Q5) _______________________ Supporting structure for a dome
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Chapter 13: The High Renaissance and Mannerism in Italy
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Q1) What was the Index of the Roman Catholic Church?
A)a list of all of the church's land holdings
B)a list of Christian saints throughout history
C)a listing of common prayers
D)a list of forbidden books
Q2) _______________________ A painting consisting of three separate panels
Q3) Who explained how blood circulates by postulating the existence of capillaries?
A)Max Weber
B)John Napier
C)Sir William Harvey
D)William Gilbert
Q4) _______________________ Keyboard instrument which was played on a lap or table
Q5) Which family ruled England during the 16<sup>th</sup> century?
A)York
B)Stuart
C)Tudor
D)Henry
Q6) _______________________ Technique in which an artist incises lines on a copper plate
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Q7) _______________________ Paintings that focus on depicting nature scenes
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Chapter
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Q1) Which Dutch artist is best known for his quiet scenes of ordinary domestic life?
A)van Dyck
B)Rubens
C)Vermeer
D)Sweelinck
Q2) According to Hobbes, what are laws created to protect people from?
A)The government
B)Human greed and aggression
C)The church
D)The university system
Q3) Who was Rubens' assistant before beginning his own career as an artist?
A)Heinrich Schütz
B)Annibale Carracci
C)Diego Velázquez
D)Anthony van Dyck
Q4) _______________________ Poetic form Milton used for Paradise Lost
Q5) What was the name of the military religious order founded by Ignatius Loyola? Why was it so successful?
Q6) _______________________ Sacred musical drama performed without action, scenery, or costume
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Chapter 15: The Seventeenth Century: the Baroque Era
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Q1) _______________________ King who said "Après moi le déluge" After me, the flood)
Q2) Whose play The Marriage of Figaro was interpreted as an attack on the lifestyle of the ruling classes?
A)Beaumarchais
B)Fragonard
C)Hogarth
D)Swift
Q3) Which musical figure is most associated with the transition from Classical to Romantic music?
A)Bach
B)Handel
C)Beethoven
D)Brahms
Q4) Which Austrian musician is often considered the "Father of the Symphony"?
A)Haydn
B)Mozart
C)Beethoven
D)Bach
Q5) _______________________ Artist of Marriage à la Mode series of paintings
Q6) _______________________ Turbulent period in France from 1792-1795
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Chapter 16: The Eighteenth Century
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Q1) What contributed to the rise of the novel in the nineteenth century?
Q2) What important French Realist novelist described the banal life of bourgeois middle-class Emma Bovary?
A)Flaubert
B)Balzac
C)Hugo
D)Tolstoy
Q3) _______________________ German literary movement that rebelled against Neoclassicism's structure and order
Q4) _______________________ Theory of Charles Darwin about the origin of species
Q5) What were common themes of the novels of George Sand?
A)The opportunities and recognition enjoyed by women in French society
B)The inequities and injustices faced by women in French society
C)The inequities and injustices faced by women in English society
D)The opportunities and recognition enjoyed by women in English society
Q6) Who were the Transcendentalists?
A)A group of French poets whose work dealt with spiritual themes
B)A group of American writers inspired by the natural world
C)A group of English painters whose works portrayed nature
D)A group of French composers who sought to convey images through music
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Chapter 17: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography
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Q1) What is the purpose of the symphonic poem such as Richard Strauss' Don Juan [1886]?
A)To tell a story through sound
B)To combine verse with music
C)To portray the feelings of the characters
D)To recreate the effect of the Greek chorus
Q2) What French author (1871-1922)is associated with "stream-of-consciousness" writing?
A)Degas
B)Proust
C)Matisse
D)Hugo
Q3) _______________________ Schönberg first used this technique in his compositions
Q4) According to the text, why was Cézanne such an important post-impressionist painter? What is it about Cézanne's Mont Saint-Victoire that makes it not realistic? What geometric shapes are apparent? How can Cézanne be seen as a predecessor to Cubist and Abstract Art?
Q5) What innovations did Gustav Mahler bring to his symphonies?
Q6) Why was Ibsen such an important Norwegian dramatist? What themes do his plays explore?
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Chapter 18: Toward the Modern Era: 1870-1914
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Q1) What is the subject of many of Frida Kahlo's paintings?
A)herself
B)animals
C)flowers
D)children
Q2) Who was the driving force behind ballet in Paris in the 1920s?
A)Sergei Eisenstein
B)Serge Diaghilev
C)Vaslav Nijinsky
D)Anna Pavlova
Q3) Which Czech author wrote The Trial and The Castle?
A)Tolstoy
B)Proust
C)Dostoyevsky
D)Kafka
Q4) _______________________ Overthrow of the Tsars and the emergence of Marxist government in Russia
Q5) _______________________ Picasso's allegorical painting of the bombing of a Basque town
Q6) What impact did the "Great War" of 1914-1918 have on European society?
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Q1) What is the main characteristic of Frank Gehry's Guggenheim Museum Bilbao?
A)Creative use of reinforced concrete
B)Vertical lines with no ornamentation
C)Classical columns and pediments
D)Free-flowing geometric shapes
Q2) How did the existentialist movement influence the ideas of modern society?
Q3) What were the central characteristics and themes of Pop Art? How are these apparent in Andy Warhol's work?
Q4) How do the Bulgarian artists Christo and Jean-Claude create art?
A)They paint murals on public buildings.
B)They cover large areas with cloth.
C)They build sculpture from garbage.
D)They use their bodies in a staged setting.
Q5) What is distinctive about Mark Rothko's paintings?
A)They borrow heavily from Greek art.
B)They arrange figures in pyramidal form.
C)They focus on natural settings.
D)They use large fields of solid color.
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Q6) How does Pierre Boulez' Second Piano Sonata exemplify the ideal of structuralism? What is the effect of this compositional framework?
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