Cultural Anthropology Test Bank
Course Introduction
Cultural Anthropology explores the diverse ways in which people around the world live, think, and interact. The course introduces students to the fundamental concepts, methods, and perspectives of anthropology, focusing on cultural practices, beliefs, social structures, and institutions. Through comparative analysis of various societies, students learn how culture shapes identity, values, communication, kinship, religion, politics, and economics. Emphasizing fieldwork and ethnography, the course encourages critical reflection on issues such as globalization, gender, power, and cultural change, fostering a deeper understanding of both unfamiliar and familiar aspects of human life.
Recommended Textbook
Mirror for Humanity A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 7th Edition by Conrad Phillip
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13 Chapters
724 Verified Questions
724 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Anthropology
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Sample Questions
Q1) What distinction does Kottak draw between culture and society?
A)Culture is the result of higher education, whereas society is shared by all people.
B)People share society-organized life in groups-with other animals, but culture is distinctly human.
C)Culture is genetically programmed, whereas society is transmitted through social learning.
D)People attain culture through international travel but society is the social environment of their native land.
E)Society rests more upon certain features of human biology than culture does.
Answer: B
Q2) Cultural resource management is an example of applied
A)ethnology.
B)biological anthropology.
C)archaeology.
D)linguistic anthropology.
E)ethnography.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not one of the ways in which individuals learn culture?
A)Genetic transmission
B)Unconscious acquisition
C)Through observation
D)Through direct instruction
E)Conscious acquisition
Answer: A
Q2) The nuclear family is a feature of all known cultures.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Acculturation is the process by which people lose the cultures that they learned as children.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Doing Anthropology
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the ethnographic present?
A)The dates that the anthropologist was living in the culture
B)The period before Westernization
C)The period that documents culture change
D)The dates that include culture contact
E)The date the ethnography was published
Answer: B
Q2) When studying a culture today, anthropologists
A)must focus on one site at one point in time.
B)will not take photos of their informants due to privacy laws.
C)try to find cultures that have never been contacted by another culture.
D)must consider culture contact, external organizations, and power differentials and how they affect cultures.
E)only study cultures with no access to television.
Answer: D
Q3) The key cultural consultant provides the etic view of a culture.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Language and Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most professional linguists regard BEV as what?
A)A protolanguage
B)A distinct language
C)A linguistic anomaly
D)A dialect of English
E)An inferior version of English
Q2) The Romance languages (e.g., French, Spanish) belong to which of the following language families?
A)Mixe-Zoque
B)Indo-European
C)North Caucasian
D)Dravidian
E)Austro-Asiatic
Q3) How are socioeconomic, ethnic, and gender differences reflected in language? Give specific examples.
Q4) What are focal vocabularies? Why do they exist?
Q5) All languages and dialects are equally effective as systems of communication.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is BEV? How does it compare to SE?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Making a Living
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a mode of production?
A)A postindustrial adaptive strategy, such as commercial agriculture and international mercantilism
B)The land, labor, and technology used in production
C)The way production is organized in a society
D)Technology used to produce consumer goods
E)The cultural aspects of an economy, such as changing fashions in the textile and clothing industry
Q2) Are reciprocity, redistribution, and the market principle mutually exclusive in any given society? Give examples, including contemporary North America in your answer.
Q3) Discuss the major differences between industrial and nonindustrial modes of production.
Q4) Unlike industrial workers in most developing countries, female factory employees in Malaysia enjoy very good working conditions (e.g., high wages, job security, unionization).
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Political Systems
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Q1) Which of the following statements concerning the Basseri and the Qashqai is true?
A)Both were nomadic foraging groups in Iran.
B)A symbiotic relationship existed between the Basseri, who were nomadic pastoralists, and the Qashqai, who were horticulturalists.
C)The Basseri "big man" (tonowi) could enforce his decisions, whereas the Qashqai village head could only lead by example.
D)The Qashqai authority structure was more complex and hierarchical than that of the Basseri.
E)The Basseri and Qashqai were two of the age sets in Melanesian society.
Q2) Which of the following was not traditionally used by the Inuit to handle disputes?
A)Blood feuds
B)Song contests
C)Killing an offender
D)Courts of law
E)Kin ties
Q3) What are some of the ways in which social order is maintained in band and tribal societies?
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Chapter 7: Families, Kinship, and Marriage
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Sample Questions
Q1) In general, what happens as the value of bridewealth increases?
A)Marriages become more volatile.
B)Marriages become more frequent.
C)Marriages become more stable.
D)Marriages become less frequent.
E)Marriages become more symbolic.
Q2) Discuss the major similarities and differences between nuclear families, extended families, and descent groups (e.g., lineages and clans).
Q3) What is polygyny?
A)A situation in which a woman has more than one husband at the same time
B)The custom whereby a wife marries the brother of her dead husband
C)The type of marriage that follows divorce
D)The custom whereby a widower marries the sister of his dead wife
E)A situation in which a man has more than one wife at the same time
Q4) Members of a clan claim (but cannot demonstrate) descent from a common apical ancestor.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss ways in which kinship and descent help human populations adapt to their environments.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about the domestic-public dichotomy is true?
A)It tends to be more pronounced among agriculturalists than among foragers.
B)It tends to be more pronounced among foragers than among pastoralists.
C)It is not significant in urban industrial societies.
D)It is reinforced in American society by women working both inside and outside the home.
E)It is not present in the industrial states of the Western world.
Q2) Are certain sexual preferences more natural than others? Use cross-cultural evidence to substantiate your argument.
Q3) Cross-culturally, women's activities tend to be associated with the home, while men are generally more active in the public domain.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Kottak argues that the relatively high level of gender inequality found among horticultural societies is most likely the ancestral pattern of human society.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do you explain the universality of religion?
Q2) Communitas is the strong feeling of collective unity shared by individuals at the core of society, who define themselves in opposition to the society's liminal members.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following statements about religions is not true?
A)Specific religious beliefs and practices vary cross-culturally.
B)Religion can be an instrument of societal change, even revolution.
C)Religion serves only to maintain social solidarity; it does not create or maintain social divisions.
D)Religion is a cultural universal.
E)State religions are presided over by full-time specialists.
Q4) The largest religion in the world, in terms of number of practitioners, is A)Buddhism.
B)Islam.
C)Judaism.
D)Hinduism.
E)Christianity.
Q5) Discuss two cases in which religion played an important role in social change.
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Chapter 10: Ethnicity and Race
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Q1) What is the capitalist world economy? When did it originate and what are its features?
Q2) According to Marx, classes are
A)desirable, because they perform tasks necessary to the survival of society. B)part of the original, preindustrial social system of humans. C)opposed to one another on the basis of conflicting economic interests. D)based more on notions of prestige and morality than on actual economic differences. E)not important to an understanding of history.
Q3) Unlike other authoritarian regimes, Communist societies were characterized by multiparty political systems.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are some lasting effects of colonialism in the world today? How have ethnic, political, and religious identities been altered by colonialism?
Q5) What were some of the major differences between British and French colonial policies?
Q6) What is the world-system perspective, and why is it important in anthropology?
Q7) How did Marx and Weber's views on stratification differ?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Applying Anthropology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about social race is true?
A)Social race has some biological basis, although it can mostly be explained through culture.
B)The importance of social race has declined, and anthropologists no longer study the subject.
C)Since it is a cultural construction, social race has no real world effects.
D)Social races are biologically distinct from ethnic groups.
E)Social races are groups assumed to have a biological basis but actually defined in a culturally arbitrary manner.
Q2) What is the difference between assimilationism and multiculturalism? How does each affect minority ethnic groups?
Q3) Lack of interaction between coexisting ethnic groups helps to ensure stability in a plural society.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The hypodescent rule is found in most Western industrialized nations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the notion of "imagined community."
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Chapter 12: The World System and Colonialism
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Q1) Discuss the reasons why many anthropologists have turned from academic to applied work.
Q2) What is overinnovation, and why can it undermine development projects?
Q3) Medical anthropology is strictly an applied field within anthropology.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What does it mean to say that an economic development project is culturally compatible? What are the advantages of ensuring that projects are culturally compatible?
Q5) What is the fallacy of underdifferentiation? What are some possible alternatives to it?
Q6) Development projects are much more likely to succeed if they are based on traditional social organizations and respond to locally perceived needs.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Businesses are no longer interested in hiring applied anthropologists now that the majority of goods are bought and sold over the Internet. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the difference between acculturation and indigenization, citing examples of each.
Q2) Forces influencing production and consumption are no longer restricted by national boundaries.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What term refers to the blurring and breakdown of established canons (rules, standards), categories, distinctions, and boundaries?
A)Chaos
B)Entropy
C)Postmodern
D)Agoraphobia
E)Diaspora
Q4) Most migrants live independently, severing all ties to their home communities and identities.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What strategies can help ensure that economic development and environmentalism benefit, rather than endanger, local communities?
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