Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Food Exam Materials
Course Introduction
This course explores the social, cultural, and historical dimensions of food across different societies around the world. Students will examine how factors such as religion, tradition, migration, globalization, and identity shape the ways in which people produce, prepare, and consume food. Through interdisciplinary readings, case studies, and discussions, the course investigates topics such as food rituals, culinary exchange, food taboos, and the role of food in both uniting and differentiating communities. By analyzing diverse foodways, students gain a deeper understanding of the meanings attached to food and how these meanings reflect broader cultural values and societal changes.
Recommended Textbook
Food and Culture 7th Edition by Pamela Goyan Kittler
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15 Chapters
972 Verified Questions
972 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Food and Culture
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary factor in consumer food choice is:
A) convenience.
B) taste.
C) self-identity.
D) health benefit.
E) cost.
Answer: B
Q2) One classification system used to categorize foods is "edible" versus "inedible." In this classification, a Hindu vegetarian would consider chicken
A) inedible.
B) edible by animals, but not by me.
C) edible by humans, but not by me.
D) edible by humans, but not by my kind.
E) edible by me.
Answer: C
Q3) Dining out is one way that we demonstrate belongingness, status, and self-realization.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Traditional Health Beliefs and Practices
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The yin and yang system of dietary planning is dominant in what cultural group?
A) Asian
B) American
C) Hispanic
D) Swedish
E) African
Answer: A
Q2) Sympathetic medicine and sympathetic magic use the word sympathetic to mean
A) agreeably suited to a disposition or mood.
B) vibrations from being in harmony.
C) items that have visible characteristics similar to human body parts or organs.
D) items that feel similar to human body parts or organs.
E) balanced and in moderation.
Answer: C
Q3) The view of an individual's relationship to fate is seldom related to the perception of time.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Intercultural Communication
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What characteristics represent the "tip of the iceberg" in the iceberg analogy used to describe communication?
A) religion, educational background, political affiliation
B) ethnicity (or nationality), age, gender
C) degree of assimilation, age, ethnicity (or nationality)
D) religion, gender, age
E) occupation, education, politics
Answer: B
Q2) Touching norms frequently vary according to attributes such as ethnicity, gender, age, or physical condition.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which cultural group is most likely to avert their eyes as a sign of respect?
A) African Americans
B) Latinos
C) Germans
D) Native Americans
E) Italians
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Food and Religion
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss briefly the similarities of Protestantism and Buddhism.
Q2) Fruit
A)Prohibited or strongly discouraged by Jews
B)Prohibited or strongly discouraged by Muslims
C)Prohibited or strongly discouraged by Hindus
D)Not prohibited by any religion
Q3) The term Mardi Gras used in France and Louisiana refers to the feasting day just prior to Lent.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The dietary laws that are a part of the Islamic religion are called halal, and they are exactly the same as the Jewish kosher laws.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Around the world, more people follow Christianity than any other single religion. A)True
B)False
Q6) Elaborate on how the foods associated with Rosh Hashanah reflect wishes for the New Year.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Native Americans
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Pacific northwestern tribes were known for their agriculture.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Many Native American nations are matrilineal, which means what?
A) Lineage is inherited from the father.
B) Lineage is inherited from the mother.
C) Women are the tribal chiefs.
D) Women are the tribal healers.
E) Tribal chiefs are elected by women.
Q3) What is the harmful substance contained in acorns that must be leached out before consumption?
A) salicylic acid
B) tannic acid
C) toxic acid
D) hydrochloric acid
E) ascorbic acid
Q4) Describe how the climate and geography of the middle of the continent resulted in the specific food ways of the Plains Indians.
Q5) Describe the therapeutic use of corn by Native Americans.
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Chapter 6: Northern and Southern Europeans
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) British meat dishes may include flavorful types of chutney that originated from India..
A)True
B)False
Q2) The climate and geography of Italy has led to more
A) tomato- and cream-based dishes in the northern region.
B) tomato-based dishes in the northern region.
C) cream-based dishes in the southern region.
D) cream- and cheese-based dishes in the northern region.
E) cheese-filled pasta dishes in the southern region.
Q3) Pâté
A)An Irish Sunday supper item
B)A French lunch item
C)An Italian lunch item
D)A Basque dinner item
E)A Portuguese breakfast item
Q4) While it was traditional for Spain and Italy to celebrate religious feast days, this custom is no longer followed.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Central Europeans - People of the Former Soviet Union
- and Scandinavians
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many meals a day do Gypsies customarily eat?
A) 6
B) 4
C) 3
D) 2
E) 5
Q2) Based on the 2011 census, how many Polish Americans reside in the United States?
A) 3 million
B) 5 million
C) 7 million
D) 9 million
E) 11 million
Q3) Regional variations in cuisine among central Europeans are minor with the exception of what country?
A) Austria
B) Armenia
C) Hungary
D) Switzerland
E) Czech Rebublic
Q4) Briefly describe three waves of immigration from Russia to the U.S.
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Chapter 8: Africans
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An arid climate with mountainous plains and lowland valleys
A)West African
B)Ethiopian
C)East African
D)South African
Q2) Nearly all Somalis are what religion?
A) Muslim
B) Hindu
C) Orthodox
D) Voodoo
E) Catholic
Q3) Among Sudanese immigrants in the U.S., blindness due to what condition is common?
A) HIV infection
B) hepatitis
C) malaria
D) trachoma
E) malnutrition
Q4) Define pica and describe the nutritional problems it might cause.
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Chapter 9: Mexicans and Central Americans
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reflecting the Indian worldview, sharing food with a guest is not considered important in the rural Mexican home, and rejecting offered food or drink is perceived as polite.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How does the birth rate among Hispanic women compare to that of white women?
A) nearly twice that of white women
B) nearly three times that of white women
C) half that of white women
D) about the same
E) two-thirds that of white women
Q3) What is the late afternoon snack called in Mexico?
A) desayuno
B) almuerzo
C) merienda
D) comida
E) cena
Q4) Over 80% of Mexicans are mestizos, of mixed Indian and Spanish ancestry.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Caribbean Islanders and South Americans
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the phrase spoken by the host that starts the meal in Colombia?
A) "Buenos noches"
B) "Primer grito"
C) "Buen provecho"
D) "Deshita"
E) "Bienvenido"
Q2) Brazil's cuisine is uniform throughout the country without much variation among the five regions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Where is "Little Havana," the U.S.community where the majority of Cubans live?
A) Miami, FL
B) New York City
C) The Bronx
D) The Florida Keyes
E) Los Angeles, CA
Q4) The health beliefs of Caribbean Islanders are unique among Latinos.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: East Asians
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What food group is typically <b>not</b> consumed in Korea?
A) fruit
B) meat
C) grains
D) dairy
E) seafood
Q2) Which of the following is a majority religion in South Korea?
A) Confucianism
B) Taoism
C) Shintoism
D) Catholicism
E) Protestantism
Q3) Korea is one nation that contains two provinces-North and South Korea-administered by a centralized government.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Traditionally, how did a female Chinese patient discuss physical symptoms with a male doctor? How does this impact medical interactions even today?
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Southeast Asians and Pacific Islanders
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64 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Religion and medicine were closely linked in Pacific Islander culture.Many traditional practices were dropped due to
A) increased availability of trade goods.
B) adoption of nonnative faiths.
C) electricity.
D) television.
E) decreases in medicinal plants.
Q2) The national dessert of both Australia and New Zealand is:
A) pavlova.
B) shepherd's pie.
C) scones.
D) ANZAC biscuits.
E) beer.
Q3) Which aspect of their life in Cambodia has it been most difficult for Cambodian Americans to retain in the United States?
A) cuisine
B) religious beliefs
C) health practices
D) holiday celebrations
E) family structure
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Chapter 13: People of the Balkans and the Middle East
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Sample Questions
Q1) Israelis immigrants are often concerned that their cultural values will be lost if their children become acculturated, and that their children may become
A) less independent.
B) too social.
C) less religious.
D) less chaste.
E) too competitive.
Q2) What are Greek meatballs called?
A) kofta
B) souvlaki
C) shawarma
D) moussaka
E) imam
Q3) Nearly all recently-arrived Bosnian refugees in the United States are
A) Muslim.
B) Christian.
C) Hindu.
D) Jewish.
E) Buddhist.
Q4) How do beliefs in the "will of God" or tagdir affect Iranian health care?
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Chapter 14: South Asians
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65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the primary religious principle of the Jains that pertains to eating and what foods are avoided?
Q2) The influence of this religion in India is strongest in the north
A)Hinduism
B)Islam
C)Buddhism
D)Jainism
E)Sikhism
Q3) What religion do nearly 85% of Indians follow?
A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Judaism
E) Islam
Q4) What is fruit juice called in Pakistan?
A) ladoo
B) biryani
C) sharbat
D) lassi
E) cholay
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Regional Americans
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first ice cream parlor was founded in
A) New York.
B) Pennsylvania.
C) Maryland.
D) New Jersey.
E) Vermont.
Q2) Plantations in the South were generally
A) owned by middle-class French immigrants.
B) owned by middle-class English immigrants.
C) not self-sufficient in either food stuffs or household goods.
D) self-sufficient operations providing cash crops and household food products.
E) dependent on neighboring plantations to share African slaves.
Q3) An abundance of simple foods means hospitality in the West North Central Midwest region because
A) of the Puritan influences.
B) of the German influence of the settlers.
C) of the lack of specialty ingredients in the homestead areas.
D) homesteaders believed "simple is simply best."
E) simple foods were easier to share among trappers and traders.
Q4) What is meant by the term "local history" when describing foods in an area?
Page 17
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