Cross-Cultural Marketing Test Questions
Course Introduction
Cross-Cultural Marketing explores the strategies and practices essential for effectively marketing products and services across diverse cultures and international boundaries. This course examines the impact of cultural differences on consumer behavior, communication styles, branding, and marketing mix decisions. Students will learn to identify cultural variables, interpret cultural cues, and adapt marketing approaches to suit various global markets. Through case studies, real-world examples, and practical applications, the course prepares students to design culturally sensitive marketing campaigns and navigate challenges in global business environments.
Recommended Textbook
Global Marketing 8th Edition by Warren J. Keegan
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17 Chapters
1527 Verified Questions
1527 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Global Marketing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nissan's earlier vehicles were difficult to start in many parts of the United States during the cold winter months.In northern Japan,it was customary for many car owners to put blankets over the hoods of their cars during winter months.Nissan's assumption was that Americans would do the same thing.This is an example of:
A) ethnocentric orientation.
B) polycentric orientation.
C) regiocentric orientation.
D) geocentric orientation.
E) geopolitic orientation.
Answer: A
Q2) A company with a geocentric orientation views the world as a potential market and strives to develop integrated global strategies.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The perceived value equation can be represented as Value = Price/Benefits.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Global Economic Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) With a 2011 GNI per capital of $1,410,India has transitioned out from the former category and now is classified as a(n):
A) low-income country.
B) upper-middle-income country.
C) lower-middle-income country.
D) upper-income country.
E) lower-upper-income country.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following nations fall in the lower-middle-income category?
A) Burundi
B) Bangladesh
C) Egypt
D) Venezuela
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Q3) A country's currency would be overvalued if the Big Mac price (converted to dollars)is lower than the U.S.price.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: The Global Trade Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Historically,most of the Latin American nations have witnessed decades of slow or no growth,crippling inflation,increasing foreign debt,protectionism,the bloated government payrolls,money laundering problems,and currency fluctuations.What measures are now being taken by countries in that region that will begin the process of economic transformations?
Answer: The allure of the Latin American market has been its considerable size,its strategic location,and huge resource base.Many countries are implementing economic reforms such as priority to have a balanced budget and privatization of certain industries.Free markets,open economies,and deregulation are becoming governmental priorities.Tariffs are being lowered,and free trades are being encouraged.Global corporations are encouraged by import liberalization,lower tariffs,and the potential for establishing more efficient regional production.Many observers envision a free trade area within the entire region.The four most important preferential trading arrangements in Latin America are the SICA,the Andean Community,the Common Market of the South (Mercosur),and the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM).
Q2) The United States and the EU have the world's largest trading relationship.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Social and Cultural Environments
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Sample Questions
Q1) Americans typically want to "go it alone." As a result,they may be outnumbered in a negotiation situation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) "McDonaldization of culture," a term coined by Geert Hofstede,refers to the wide spread of McDonald's restaurants in the world and its adverse impact on global culture.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Suppose you have a friend from India who is a lifelong vegetarian and who does not like McDonald's because the company sells hamburgers in many countries.Which of the following describes your friend?
A) "vegetarianism" represents a value, "dislike McDonald's" represents an attitude
B) "vegetarianism" represents an attitude, "dislike McDonald's" represents a value
C) "vegetarianism" and "dislike McDonald's" both represent an attitude
D) "vegetarianism" represents a value, "dislike McDonald's" represents a belief
E) "vegetarianism" and "dislike McDonald's" both represent values
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Chapter 5: The Political, Legal, and Regulatory Environments
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Sample Questions
Q1) When many nations reach advanced stages of economic development,their governments declare that any practice or policy that restrains free trade is legal.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is not a common-law country?
A) India
B) Pakistan
C) Malaysia
D) Korea
E) Singapore
Q3) What should a U.S.company do if competitors are willing to offer a bribe for business in a foreign country?
Q4) In the United States,the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)is a legacy of the Watergate scandal during Richard Nixon's presidency.Administered by the Department of Justice and the Securities and Exchange Commission,the act is concerned with disclosure and prohibition.What is this law concerned with,and why is it a subject of criticism by many?
Q5) What are the differences between a patent,trademark,and a copyright? What is meant by counterfeiting?
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Chapter 6: Global Information Systems and Market Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) One challenge of using CRM is:
A) integrating data into customer relationship.
B) knowing amount paid by consumers in different countries.
C) understanding which customers are most valuable.
D) assessing the use of credit cards for payment.
E) knowing the use of laptop computers by customers.
Q2) According to the Global Market Research Reports,data for Chinese markets are available for:
A) cosmetics.
B) online music.
C) whiskies.
D) luxury goods.
E) pharmaceutical.
Q3) Companies wishing to minimize the cost and effort associated with market research should start by collecting and analyzing primary data.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the guidelines submitted by David Arnold pertaining to the importance of data gathering for market research.Indicate the rationale behind each guideline.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning
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Sample Questions
Q1) A global segment is referred to as "global teens" which includes:
A) people with shared interest in fashions.
B) affluent, well-traveled persons.
C) movie stars.
D) technology professionals.
E) persons having power.
Q2) The strategy that identifies a brand as a symbol of a particular global segment is known as:
A) foreign consumer culture positioning.
B) global consumer culture positioning.
C) local consumer culture positioning.
D) global market positioning.
E) demographic market positioning.
Q3) Managers must decide how well a company's product fits the country market by asking the following questions except:
A) Will adaptation be required?
B) Will import restriction drive up the product price?
C) Is it advisable to source locally?
D) Will strong home currency have an adverse impact on product price?
E) Will it be possible to neglect home-country regulations?
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Chapter 8: Importing,Exporting,and Sourcing
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the recent import regulations in the United States,action figures that represent non-human creatures such as monsters or robots are categorized as toys and qualified for lower duties than human figures that are classified as dolls.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Outsourcing means shifting undesirable jobs or work assignments to another company to cut costs.When the outsourced work moves to another country,the terms "global outsourcing" or "offshoring" are used.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A nontariff barrier (NTB)includes all of the following except:
A) quota.
B) discriminatory procurement policies.
C) restrictive administrative policies.
D) restrictive technical regulations.
E) ad valorem duty.
Q4) What are the differences between antidumping and countervailing duties? Under what conditions are these duties imposed?
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Chapter 9: Global Market Entry Strategies: Licensing, Investment, and Strategic Alliances
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Sample Questions
Q1) The disadvantages of joint venturing can include all of the following except:
A) Joint venture partners must share rewards as well as risks.
B) Joint ventures allow partners to achieve synergy.
C) Joint ventures can have the potential for conflict between partners.
D) A dynamic joint venture partner can evolve into a strong competitor.
E) A company incurs very significant costs by joint venturing.
Q2) Avon Products uses ________ to enter developing markets.
A) franchising and licensing
B) joint venture and licensing
C) acquisition and franchising
D) licensing and franchising
E) acquisition and joint ventures
Q3) Joint ventures are becoming very popular as entry mode into foreign markets.Why is this strategy so attractive to companies interested in entering other markets in the world?
Q4) The driving force behind many of the business acquisitions is globalization.
A)True
B)False
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Q5) Why would any firm,whether global or otherwise,seek to collaborate with another firm,be it local or foreign?
Chapter 10: Brand and Product Decisions in Global Marketing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Brand equity is an example of a tangible product attribute.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The corporate development team at Virgin evaluates more than a dozen proposals each day from outside and within the company.When assessing new-product ideas,they look for all of the following except:
A) synergy with existing Virgin products.
B) pricing and return on investment.
C) marketing opportunities.
D) if the idea "uses or abuses" the Virgin brand.
E) aesthetic attributes of competitors products.
Q3) Generally speaking,which of the following product categories represents the best potential for extension into international markets without adaptation?
A) companion products
B) food products
C) industrial products
D) intangible products
E) non-alcoholic drinks
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Chapter 11: Pricing Decisions
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Cost-based," "market-based," and "negotiated" are three approaches to:
A) dumping.
B) gray marketing.
C) transfer pricing.
D) price skimming.
E) counter trade.
Q2) When Walmart came to Brazil in the mid-1990s,it discovered that local competitors had the technological infrastructure that allowed them to match its aggressive pricing policies.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is true about proper use of the term "countertrade"?
A) The term "countertrade" is interchangeable with "offsets."
B) The term "countertrade" is interchangeable with "barter."
C) The term "countertrade" is interchangeable with "counterpurchase."
D) "Countertrade" is a blanket term that refers to several different types of business transactions.
E) The term "countertrade" is interchangeable with "dumping."
Q4) Why is compensation trading also called a "buyback?" How does it differ from switch trading?
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Chapter 12: Global Marketing Channels and Physical Distribution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not an appropriate guideline for companies selecting independent distributors in international markets?
A) Select distributors; don't let them select you.
B) Look for distributors capable of developing markets.
C) Give local distributors control over marketing strategy.
D) Treat local distributors as long-term partners.
E) All of the above are appropriate guidelines.
Q2) When Walmart entered the German market,________ were already entrenched.
A) Specialty retailers
B) Discount retailers
C) Hard discounters
D) Hypermarkets
E) Supermarkets
Q3) By definition,a retailer that caters to the general public would be "downstream" in an industry's supply chain.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How do specialty retailers differ from "hypermarkets," "supercenters," and "convenience stores"? Why are some businesses called "category killers"?
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Chapter 13: Global Marketing Communications Decisions I:
Advertising and Public Relations
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Sample Questions
Q1) In China,McDonald's is careful not to advertise prices with multiple occurrences of the number four since,in Cantonese,the pronunciation of the word four sounds similar to that of the word death.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following product category/company pairings best illustrates the concept of "product cultures"?
A) earth-moving equipment/Caterpillar
B) personal hygiene/Procter & Gamble
C) coffee bars/Starbucks
D) batteries/Duracell
E) automobiles/Ford
Q3) Ads that tickle the funny bone of the intended audience and evoke response that will direct purchase behavior are based on:
A) rational appeals.
B) emotional appeals.
C) SRC appeals.
D) melodramatic appeals.
E) localized appeal.
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Forms of
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Sample Questions
Q1) The U.S.-style "I'll do whatever it takes to get your business" has proven to be a successful selling approach throughout the world.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In a low-income country,free samples are likely to be a more effective promotional tool than coupons or on-pack premiums.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Peppers and Rogers described different steps that are involved in one-to-one marketing.These steps include all of the following except:
A) identify.
B) differentiate.
C) interact.
D) evaluate.
E) customize.
Q4) Cross coupons offer its users deal-of-the-day that are sponsored by local businesses.
Page 16
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Global Marketing and the Digital Revolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the innovator's dilemma:
A) the computing power of a microprocessor doubles every 18 months.
B) markets that don't exist can't be analyzed.
C) well-managed companies that listen and respond to needs of established customers may miss opportunities to innovate.
D) regulation of e-commerce activities will increase at a rate that is directly proportional to the growth of e-commerce revenues.
E) innovations are copied soon after they are discovered.
Q2) In every industry,companies are embedded in a(n)________,which has a cost structure associated with it that dictates the margins needed to achieve profitability.
A) innovator's dilemma
B) transaction
C) URL
D) value network
E) digital network
Q3) What is convergence? What kind of challenges does it present?
Q4) What is meant by e-commerce? How can the e-commerce activities be classified?
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Chapter 16: Strategic Elements of Competitive Advantage
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Sample Questions
Q1) The flagship model is evident in the strategies of all but one of the following businesses:
A) Ford.
B) Volkswagen.
C) IKEA.
D) Benetton.
E) Microsoft.
Q2) Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd.and other Japanese companies manufacture airplanes under license to U.S.firms and also work as subcontractors for aircraft parts and systems.This type of effort is known as:
A) searching for loose bricks.
B) collaborating.
C) building of layers of advantage.
D) changing the rules of engagement.
E) innovating.
Q3) The strong rivalry in the U.S.market between Dell,Gateway,Hewlett-Packard,Apple,and other computer companies has helped make the United States a world leader in personal computers.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Leadership, Organization, and Corporate Social Responsibility
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Q1) The differences between lean producers and U.S.mass producers is in the way they deal with all of the following groups except:
A) dealers.
B) distributors.
C) customers.
D) suppliers.
E) managers.
Q2) As a company's international business grows,the need for having international divisions becomes evident.Explain how an international division structure works and what factors contribute to the establishment of an international division.
Q3) Being socially responsible is not only the right thing to do; it can distinguish a company from its industry peers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) At Whirlpool,North American operations are organized in matrix form.What is the key to successful matrix management?
Q5) What are the assumptions about mass production compared to Toyota Production system?
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