Cross-Cultural Marketing Exam
Answer Key
Course Introduction
Cross-Cultural Marketing explores the challenges and opportunities companies face when marketing products and services in a globalized world. This course examines how cultural differences such as values, beliefs, norms, language, and consumer behavior impact marketing strategies, communication, branding, and product adaptation. Students will learn to analyze international markets, develop culturally sensitive marketing campaigns, and understand the ethical considerations in cross-cultural contexts. Emphasis is placed on case studies and real-world examples, equipping students with practical skills to navigate the complexities of marketing across diverse cultural environments.
Recommended Textbook
Global Marketing 3rd Edition by Kate Gillespie
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16 Chapters
1560 Verified Questions
1560 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Global Marketing
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Avon no longer creates a tailored marketing strategy for each of the national markets in which it sells its products.Instead,Avon creates marketing strategies for four major geographic areas: (1)Asia-Pacific, (2)Europe/Middle East/Africa, (3)Latin America,and (4)North America.Avon's strategy can be described as a ____ strategy.
A)global marketing
B)pan-regional marketing
C)multidomestic marketing
D)None of the above
Answer: B
Q2) Regional and political integration favor a pan-regional marketing strategy.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The volume of international trade is decreasing due to globalization.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Global Economy
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Despite complaints from the United States,the European Union continues to pay subsidies to Airbus,the European aircraft producer.This is called a(n)____.
A)local content rule
B)orderly marketing arrangement
C)export tariff
D)nontariff trade barrier
Answer: D
Q2) On December 23,2006,one U.S.dollar was worth 0.76 euros (exchange rate 1:0.76).On December 23,2009,the U.S.dollar was worth 0.70 euros (exchange rate 1:0.70).The euro ____ between 2006-2009.
A)appreciated
B)depreciated
C)remained constant
D)None of the above
Answer: A
Q3) ____________________ are physical limits on the amount of goods that can be imported into a country.
Answer: Quotas
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4
Chapter 3: Cultural and Social Forces
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100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Smaller family sizes lead to a decrease in sales of consumer durables.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) European companies give their employees few vacation days compared to the United States.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Confucianism is
A)a major African religion.
B)the major religion of India.
C)the major religion of South Korea.
D)not a religion.
Answer: D
Q4) ____________________ is defined as the entire heritage transmitted by word,literature,or any other form.
Answer: Culture
Q5) The United States is an example of a(n)____________________-trust society.
Answer: high
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Chapter 4: Political and Regulatory Climate
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Sample Questions
Q1) Civil,or code law,is based on the Confucian tradition of the preeminence of written laws.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In Saudi Arabia,there are many rules,norms,and standards for correct behavior.Saudi Arabia is an example of a ____ culture.
A)boycott
B)loose
C)tight
D)human nature orientation neutral
Q3) The complete control exercised by countries,including the ability to pass and enforce laws within a given geographical area,is known as ____________________.
Q4) The U.S.embargo on Vietnam occurred between which dates?
A)1962-1975
B)1962-present
C)1975-1994
D)1975-present
Q5) Saudi Arabia follows ____________________ law,which is based on the Koran.
Q6) HNO ____________________ societies assume people can be trusted to obey rules.
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Chapter 5: Global Markets
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103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Turkish Iznik Tile company sends the Egyptian education minister and his family on a one-week cruise throughout the Mediterranean in the hope that the minister will choose the Iznik Tile company as the tile supplier for three new university locations in Cairo.This is an example of ____.
A)bribery
B)an expediting payment
C)a linkage screen
D)All of the above
Q2) Meghanna is trying to decide whether her company should enter into Turkey or Brazil.She is having trouble determining which is the better market based on available household disposable income (income available after regular household expenditures are paid).Since market prices are different in each country,regular household expenditure costs will differ across markets-but she is not sure by how much.Her boss suggests that she compare the ____ between the two countries,since this would take into account differences in product prices.
A)per capita income
B)purchasing power parity
C)accounting practices
D)gross national product
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Chapter 6: Global Competitors
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Sample Questions
Q1) Consumer animosity refers to the belief that
A)foreign made products are usually lower quality than domestically produced products.
B)foreign made products are always lower quality than domestically produced products.
C)foreign products should not be purchased because doing so takes jobs away from locals.
D)None of the above
Q2) A privately owned Thai chemical firm is planning a dodger strategy.Its owners should
A)identify MNCs that might want to buy their company.
B)consider taking the company public to raise funds.
C)identify foreign countries with many Thai immigrants.
D)All of the above
Q3) A dodger strategy focuses on developing new marketing and product strategies to stay ahead of competition.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ____________________ evokes a positive country-of-origin attribute for Vodka.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Global Marketing Research
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104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Parallel translation is the process in which
A)a questionnaire is translated twice by the same person.
B)a computer is used to help in the translation.
C)two or more persons translate the questionnaire into the foreign language.
D)a questionnaire is translated back and forth till successive versions look identical.
Q2) The etic research approach focuses on understanding each local context from its own cultural frame of reference.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Parallel translation was developed to solve the common problems associated with back translation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) International market research is made easier due to vast similarities in consumer needs and government regulations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) ____________________ refers to data collected specifically for the assignment.
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Chapter 8: Global Market Participation
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Sample Questions
Q1) A firm may opt to enter a group of countries in a single geographic region because of
A)critical mass.
B)economies of scale.
C)Both a and b
D)None of the above.
Q2) French Bakery Breads is considering entering the Latin American market.The manager in charge of assessing foreign markets is surprised to see that the region receives a high level of remittances.What is the implication of remittances to the Latin American market?
A)Psychic distance is increased.
B)Buying power is increased.
C)Exchange rate instability is increased.
D)Protectionism is likely high.
Q3) BRIC is a trading association including Brazil,Russia,India and China.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Similar markets are those that share a common border.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Global Market Entry Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Parish Products produces and sells Cajun spice mixes in the United States.The firm is considering expanding to Mexico.This will be its first foreign market.At this point Parish Products should consider
A)joining a Mexican export consortium.
B)replacing its Mexican agent.
C)employing an export management company.
D)finding a Mexican joint venture partner.
Q2) Brazil outlaws export consortia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A(n)____________________ firm is established by a local joint venture partner to illegally compete with the joint venture.
Q4) Under a(n)____________________ agreement for local production,a company arranges to have its products manufactured by an independent local company on a contractual basis.
Q5) Operating a warehousing operation would be a typical task for a marketing subsidiary.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Global Product Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most companies prefer to locate their research and development centers in their domestic markets because of
A)integration of R&D with marketing strategies.
B)proximity to their head office.
C)their experience in the home markets.
D)All of the above.
Q2) Global products are those
A)whose design is fully adapted for each market.
B)whose design is fully standardized.
C)that have a portion of their design standardized and the rest is adapted.
D)None of the above.
Q3) Incompatible national standards both help and hurt global competitors.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Firms should not pursue importing as a source of new products if the product is a(n)____ product.
A)consumer
B)core
C)industrial
D)standardized
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Global Strategies for Services,Brands,and Social Marketing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tekstil Hazir,a Turkish apparel manufacturer,makes T-shirts that are labeled and packaged with the Old Navy brand name.Tekstil Hazir is an example of a ____.
A)brand champion
B)private brand
C)global brand
D)local brand
Q2) The WTO requires member countries to establish national laws that protect global brands.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In Turkey,as soon as a restaurant customer appears to have finished her meal,waiters whisk the plate away.It is considered impolite to leave a finished plate in front of a customer.For a nonTurk,the speed at which the plate is taken away is very quick-even shocking.Foreign restaurant chains considering entry into the Turkish market must adapt to cultural differences in ____.
A)service personnel recruitment
B)the wait experience
C)customer expectations about service levels
D)back-stage elements
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Pricing for International and Global Markets
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Sample Questions
Q1) The government of Saudi Arabia is concerned that MNCs are adjusting transfer prices to their Saudi subsidiaries in order to decrease tariff payments in Saudi Arabia.The Saudi government should
A)review increases in transfer prices.
B)review decreases in transfer prices.
C)initiate price controls.
D)require forward pricing of all transfer prices.
Q2) The price paid by an importing or buying unit of a multinational firm to an exporting unit of the same firm is known as
A)marginal price.
B)international transfer price.
C)transaction risk.
D)fixed price.
Q3) Governments often examine transfer prices carefully as they are often aimed at supporting parallel imports.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The practice of selling a product at a price below actual costs is referred to as
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Chapter 13: Managing Global Distribution Channels
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Sample Questions
Q1) Coco Discount Outlets plans to adopt a performance manager style of internationalization.It is likely that Coco will
A)move quickly into international markets.
B)take advantage of its expertise in corporate finance.
C)acquire foreign retailers.
D)All of the above
Q2) The ____________________ is the dominant channel participant,dictating terms of pricing and delivery.
Q3) Channel density refers to the number of intermediaries between the manufacturer and the consumer.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Logistics costs are lower in China than in developed economies.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Cancellation of distribution rights may be problematic in foreign markets due to A)social norms.
B)local laws.
C)the cost involved.
D)All of the above.
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Chapter 14: Global Promotion Strategies
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101 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Swiss Pharaceuticals never allows its sales force to offer business gifts in Switzerland,but it does allow the practice in certain other markets.Why is this?
A)Business gifts are against the law in Switzerland.
B)Gifts are required by law in some markets.
C)Both a and b
D)None of the above
Q2) French is the language spoken by most customers in the aerospace industry.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Chinese consumers are less accepting of product placements than are Americans. A)True
B)False
Q4) Karavel Foods is considering using several sales promotions that were successful in the U.S.in markets overseas.What advice would you give Karavel?
A)Sports promotions are rarely successful outside the U.S.
B)Consumers worldwide prefer coupons to sweepstakes.
C)Many national laws govern sales promotions.
D)All of the above
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16
Chapter 15: Managing Global Advertising
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Sample Questions
Q1) The advantage of working with global advertising agencies is
A)their knowledge of local customs.
B)they guarantee consistency across campaigns.
C)they finance clients.
D)All of the above.
Q2) Framad is a successful Italian advertising agency in with several MNC accounts.What can Framad expect in the future?
A)Framad will lose some MNC accounts due to the increased use of global theme advertising.
B)Framad will lose some MNC accounts due to increasing MNC ethnocentrism.
C)All MNCs will eventually move to global agencies.
D)None of the above
Q3) U.S.-based Texas Taffy is planning a new advertising campaign for the U.K.market.What advice would you give the firm?
A)Language should not be a problem.
B)Britons are taught in school to be critical of advertising.
C)Britons dislike humor in their ads.
D)All of the above
Q4) The soft-sell approach is popular in ____________________.
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Chapter 16: Organizing for Global Marketing
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Sample Questions
Q1) ABC Autos has recently switched from a regional structure to a functional one.What problems might it face?
A)Increased marketing costs
B)Increased production cost
C)Increased R&D costs
D)None of the above
Q2) An export department is appropriate when international sales account for 1 to 10 percent of a firm's total sales.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If headquarters tells its foreign subsidiaries what to do and solicits little input,it is said to be
A)ethnocentric.
B)multinational.
C)polycentric.
D)geocentric.
Q4) ____________________ orientation means management is centered on the home market and ideas that emanate from there are considered superior to those that arise from the foreign subsidiaries.
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