Cross-Cultural Communication
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Cross-Cultural Communication explores the dynamics of exchanging information across diverse cultural backgrounds. The course examines communication theories, cultural norms, belief systems, and values that affect interpersonal, group, and organizational interactions in both local and global contexts. Through case studies, discussions, and practical exercises, students will develop an awareness of cultural differences, learn to navigate challenges such as language barriers and nonverbal misunderstandings, and acquire effective communication strategies for building respect, understanding, and cooperation in multicultural environments.
Recommended Textbook
An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9th Edition by Fred E. Jandt
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Defining Culture and Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the concept of cultures within cultures.
Answer: Varies,but students will discuss subcultures,cocultures,and/or subgroups.A subculture resembles a culture in that it usually encompasses a relatively large number of people and represents the accumulation of generations of human striving.The word coculture is suggested to convey the idea that no one culture is inherently superior to other coexisting cultures.Subgroups exist within a dominant culture and are dependent on that culture.
Q2) Culture is a code we learn and share,and learning and sharing require communication.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Discuss how race and skin color have operated as regulators of human life.
Answer: Varies,but students may discuss both the biological and sociohistorical perspectives on race.The biological perspective considers race to be the result of the mating behavior of your ancestors,whereas the sociohistorical perspective views race as something more fluid and less concrete,arguing that it is varied over time and between cultures.
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3
Chapter 2: Barriers to Intercultural Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychologists have identified the highly prejudiced individual as having a(n)______ personality.
Answer: authoritarian
Q2) The effect of making Chinese products cheap is due to the fact that Chinese currency is ______.
Answer: undervalued
Q3) Using the word Americans to describe only individuals living in the United States is an example of cultural nearsightedness.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Discuss how stereotyping can become a self-fulfilling prophecy for the person stereotyped.
Answer: Varies,but students should note a negative stereotype creates a threat that can distract the individual stereotyped and lower performance.
Q5) Discuss China's media policies.
Answer: Varies,but may discuss Internet control and monitoring,regulation,and/or media ownership.
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Chapter 3: Context, Perception, and Competence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Give examples of how culture affects each step of the perception process.
Answer: Varies,but each step should be clearly articulated and examples should be clear.Examples from the text include speech sounds for perception,grouping items together for organization,and the role of animals as pets or food for interpretation.
Q2) Some people are less likely than others to separate an object from its surrounding ______.
Answer: environment
Q3) According to Cohen (1997),face loss may happen,among other reasons,because of exposure to personal insult.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Discuss the effect of culture on the organization step of the perception process.
Answer: Varies,but should include a discussion of specific ways in which culture affects our organization of stimuli.Examples could include the role of language in the way we organize stimuli or the differing ways we group items together.
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Chapter 4: Nonverbal Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Asia,silence has generally been considered socially disagreeable.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In all cultures,women can detect odors in lower concentrations,identify them more accurately,and remember them longer than men.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Directing turn taking in a conversation is an example of using nonverbals to ______ interaction.
Q4) Charles Darwin argued that some nonverbal cues are biologically determined.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Nonverbal communication can be narrowly defined to include only intentional use or broadly defined to also include elements of the ______.
Q6) There are no nonverbal cues generally recognized across cultures.
A)True
B)False
Q7) The term given to the study of our use of personal space is ______.
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Q8) Happiness and ______ are easier to discern than other nonverbal behaviors.
Chapter 5: Language as a Barrier
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss and give examples for the translation problems related to concepts.
Q2) Today's estimate is that one fifth to one fourth of the world's population is familiar with English.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In the Arabic culture,skillful use of language ______.
A) commands prestige
B) is no longer encouraged
C) is rare because of the difficulty of the language
D) is restricted to religious matters only
Q4) The most widely spoken first language in the world is ______.
Q5) In the interpretation of linguistic relativism,the difference between languages is not what can be said,but ______.
A) how fast it is said
B) how it is said
C) what cannot be said
D) what is relatively easy to say
Q6) Describe the development and spread of English.
Q7) Today,few accept the extreme position of the Sapir-Whorf linguistic ______.
Q8) Why is Esperanto unlikely to become a widely used language?
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Chapter 6: Dimensions of Nation-State Cultures
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Q1) Individualism is associated with an indirect style of communication.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Long-term orientation encourages ______.
A) thrift
B) spending
C) both thrift and spending
D) neither thrift nor spending
Q3) Geert Hofstede studied more than 100,000 employees of which multinational in 40 countries?
A) McDonald's
B) Coca Cola
C) IBM
D) Nike
Q4) Discuss the two associations related to Hofstede's masculinity-femininity dimension.
Q5) Hofstede was attempting to locate ______ dimensions across which cultures vary.
Q6) Compare and contrast indulgence and self-restraint cultures.
Q7) Discuss identity aspects of Japanese cultural patterns.
Q8) Compare and contrast long-term and short-term orientation cultures.
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Chapter 7: Dominant USCultural Patterns Using Value
Orientation Theory
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Q1) Among the factors contributing to a dominant national U.S.culture was the development of radio and television that nationalized politics and popular culture.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Discuss activity orientation in the United States.
Q3) The United States is a country of ______ from all over the world.
Q4) Among the world's industrialized nations,the United States is one of the least religious.
A)True
B)False
Q5) North America was home to a diverse population of how many before the time of Columbus?
A) 1 million
B) 5 million
C) 10 million
D) 20 million
Q6) The fundamental reason for the rise of the West was an extraordinary faith in ______.
Page 9
Q7) Discuss European Enlightenment's influence on U.S.cultural patterns.
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Chapter 8: Religion and Identity
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Q1) Which country is considered to be the most conservative Muslim country?
A) Dubai
B) Egypt
C) Iraq
D) Saudi Arabia
Q2) In Saudi Arabia,practice of ______ provides any citizen access to the king and local governors.
A) hajj
B) matawain
C) Wahhabism
D) majlis
Q3) Stereotypes and political unrest contribute to communication barriers between the Arab countries and the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Islam is a nonhierarchical religion.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss religious practices in the Islamic faith.
Q6) Explain the view that Buddhism is seen as a reaction to orthodox Hinduism.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Culture and Gender
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Q1) The percentage of women in managerial/administrative positions worldwide is ______.
Q2) Japan's equal employment opportunity laws ______.
A) are not particularly effective in Japan's male-centered workplace B) have been suspended during Japan's economic slump C) were enacted in the 1950s D) were enacted in the 1970s
Q3) The Human Development Index is a measure of life expectancy,education,and political participation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) One of the top five countries from the 2014 data with the lowest gender inequality is ______.
Q5) Discuss sex ratio at birth as an indicator of sex discrimination.
Q6) South Korea has eliminated most of the Confucian-based discrimination against women in the nation's laws.
A)True B)False
Q7) Discuss the issues related to gender equality in China.
Q8) Discuss the findings derived from the Gender Inequality Index (GII).
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Chapter 10: Immigration and Acculturation
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Q1) An individual experiencing cultural shock has achieved ______ when they have developed the ability to cope comfortably in both the home and new cultures.
A) culturalism
B) biculturalism
C) multiculturalism
D) coculturalism
Q2) Host communication competence refers to the capacity to communicate with the host culture's communication symbols and meaning systems.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ______ refers to an immigrant's learning and adopting the norms and values of the new host culture.
Q4) Unlike in Australia,Canada,and the United States,immigration to ______ is a recent phenomenon.
Q5) In Israel,citizenship may be acquired by birth,residence,naturalization,or the Law of ______.
Q6) Western Europe is challenged with increasing immigration,particularly from ______ countries.
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Chapter 11: Cultures Within Cultures
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Q1) ______ has made the United States home to many ethnic groups.
Q2) Discuss the purpose of rumspringa in Amish culture.
Q3) Which culture was forced to flee Laos for the United States?
A) Acadians
B) Amish
C) Cajuns
D) Hmong
Q4) Discuss the trends of assimilation in U.S.immigration history.
Q5) Prior to the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway,how large was the population of Koreans as compared to that of Russians in the Russian Far East?
A) Koreans were a small minority.
B) Russians outnumbered Koreans.
C) Half of the Siberian population was Russian and half was Korean.
D) Koreans outnumbered Russians.
Q6) What percentage of Amish youth choose to accept an Amish identity?
A) 20-30%
B) 80-90%
C) 40-50%
D) 60-70%
Q7) Contrast Amish cultural patterns to dominant U.S.cultural patterns.
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Chapter 12: Identity and Subgroups
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Q1) British punk provides an example of cultural diffusion.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ______ is the specialized language of stigmatized groups.
Q3) At Google,core employees have autonomy but work with a single unifying philosophy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) An orderly and scientific study of a subgroup by a researcher after having been accepted as a member is called a(n)______.
A) argot report
B) full participant report
C) participant observer report
D) unreliable and biased report
Q5) Define and briefly discuss subgroups.
Q6) Some bloggers suggest that ______ is the punk of today.
Q7) ______ has specific,unambiguous meaning for a subgroup.
Q8) The label ______ came to refer in a positive way to individuals who form primary emotional attachments to members of the same sex.
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Chapter 13: Contact Between Cultures
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Q1) In 2016,Disney opened a new park in ______.
Q2) In the ______ model,communication is defined as a process in which information is shared by two or more individuals who converge over time toward a greater degree of mutual agreement.
Q3) Dr.Deming's reputation in the United States contributed to his success in Japan.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Individuals who influence innovation decisions in a direction deemed desirable by a change agency are ______.
A) change agents
B) early adopters
C) innovators
D) opinion leaders
Q5) Euro Disney was initially successful because it faithfully duplicated the original Disneyland.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Some argue that the cultural ______ of colonialism continues in many ways today.
Q7) The Niger delta in ______ is the world capital of oil pollution.
Q8) Discuss and give examples of colonialism.
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Chapter 14: Future Challenges
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Q1) One consequence of disparity of wealth is world ______.
Q2) The historic ranking of individuals has resulted in ______.
Q3) What promises do new media bring?
Q4) Discuss religion as a source of human identity and conflict,specifically giving examples of religious conflicts intertwined with ethic and nationalist causes.
Q5) The past few decades have been characterized by ______.
A) improvement in the human condition worldwide
B) stagnation in the human condition worldwide
C) deterioration of the human condition worldwide
D) none of these
Q6) Worldwide,nearly ______ people can't afford to buy food and can't grow enough on their own.
Q7) Othering can be used to justify suppression and even extermination.
A)True
B)False
Q8) Discuss nation-state as a source of identity.
Q9) Discuss Huntington's notion of civilization.
Q11) Discuss Putnam's research in regard to immigration. Page 16
Q10) The United States accounts for ______ of the super wealthy people worldwide.
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