Critical Thinking in Nursing Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Critical Thinking in Nursing is designed to develop the skills necessary for nurses to make sound clinical decisions and provide high-quality patient care in complex healthcare environments. The course explores the principles and frameworks of critical thinking, including analysis, evaluation, inference, and problem-solving. Students learn how to assess and interpret patient data, prioritize nursing interventions, and reflect on outcomes using evidence-based practice. Through case studies, discussions, and practical applications, the course cultivates intellectual curiosity, effective communication, and ethical reasoning, empowering nursing professionals to navigate diverse patient scenarios with confidence and competence.
Recommended Textbook
Medical Surgical Nursing Critical Thinking for Person Centred Care 3rd Edition by Priscilla Lemone
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52 Chapters
1083 Verified Questions
1083 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Medical-Surgical Nursing in the Twenty-First Century
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47623
Sample Questions
Q1) As a leader and manager, the nurse has an important role in promoting continuous quality improvement in person-centred care. What does this involve?
A)Delegation of responsibilities.
B)Clinical governance.
C)Scope of practice.
D)Critical thinking.
Answer: B
Q2) The nurse pauses to reflect on a previous person-centred care situation before providing care to a person at present. This nurse is using which critical thinking skill?
A)Reflection.
B)Reasoning.
C)Clarification.
D)Divergent thinking.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Health and Illness in Adults
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are Australian National Health Priority Areas? Select all that apply
A)Obesity.
B) Dementia.
C)Visual impairment.
D)Mental health.
E)Malnutrition.
Answer: A, B, D
Q2) A 47-year-old woman says, 'I worry about my parents every day and my job is overwhelming.' The nurse realises this person is most at risk of which of the following?
A)Psychosocial stress.
B)An eating disorder.
C)Developing cancer.
D)Committing suicide.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Nursing Care of People Having Surgery
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47627
Sample Questions
Q1) During the assessment of a postoperative person's bowel sounds, the nurse auscultates high-pitched sounds over all four abdominal quadrants. What might these findings indicate?
A)Hunger pains.
B)The onset of flatus.
C)Paralytic ileus.
D)Normal bowel function.
Answer: C
Q2) An elderly person is completing preoperative diagnostic testing. The nurse notes that the person's carbon dioxide level is elevated. Which of the following nursing interventions would be indicated for this person? Monitor:
A)respiratory status and arterial blood gases.
B)blood pressure.
C)fluid intake and output.
D)serum potassium level.
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: Nursing Care of People Experiencing Loss, Grief, and Death
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A dying person tells the nurse, 'Don't let my family leave me.' What does this statement indicate?
A)Fear of dying alone.
B)An anticipation of improvement in health.
C)Denial about their eventual death.
D)The desire to prolong life.
Q2) The family of a dying person experiencing a worsening of breathing wants to help. Which of the following can the nurse instruct the family to provide for the person?
A)Encourage the person to eat.
B)Perform frequent chest physical therapy.
C)Raise the head of the bed.
D)Place the person on his left side.
Q3) A woman states, 'My husband is the person you should talk with if I am not able to make decisions about my care.' The husband has been identified as which of the following?
A)The person who has his wife's living will.
B)The healthcare surrogate.
C)The person with the enduring power of attorney.
D)The wife's advocate.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Nursing Care of People With Problems of Substance Misuse
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person tells the nurse, 'I seem to need one more drink each night after work, just to unwind.' Which condition is this person describing?
A)Cross-tolerance.
B)Tolerance.
C)Physical dependence.
D)Co-dependence.
Q2) A person tells the nurse that a newly prescribed medication will cause symptoms of physical illness if taken with alcohol. Which medication should the nurse realise this person has been prescribed?
A)Disulfiram (Antabuse).
B)Oxazepam (Serepax).
C)Phenytoin (Dilantin).
D)Sertraline (Zoloft).
Q3) A person has been diagnosed with alcoholism that is causing him to be depressed. What does this diagnosis indicate?
A)Co-dependence.
B)Tolerance.
C)Kindling.
D)A dual disorder.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Nursing Care of People Experiencing Disasters
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is planning the coding for a triage disaster plan. What are the colours most associated with triage? Select all that apply.
A)Black
B)Red
C)Yellow
D)Purple .
Q2) A person says to the nurse, 'I'm scared about a terrorist attack since I live so close to the airport'. Which of the following would be an appropriate response for the nurse to make to this person?
A)'Have you thought about moving?'
B)'What do you have in your home to help you in the event of a terrorist attack?'
C)'It is natural to be concerned about this possibility'.
D)'There is no need to be worried/.
Q3) Which of the following is a conventional weapon?
A)Radiological bomb
B)Anthrax attack
C)Car bomb
D)Sarin attack
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8
Chapter 7: Genetic Implications of Adult Health Nursing
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 40-year-old person tells the nurse that her mother has Alzheimer's disease (AD). The person asks if she will get this disease. What would be the nurse's best response?
A)'You do have an increased risk of inheriting this disease.'
B)'Your children are likely to inherit this disease.'
C)'You are not at any risk of developing this disease.'
D)'You have a 20% chance of developing this disease.'
Q2) The doctor has ordered chromosomal analysis for a newborn baby. Which of the following tests has been ordered?
A)Genotype.
B)Newborn screen.
C)Karyotype.
D)Phenotype.
Q3) A baby is born with a genetic disorder that did not affect either of the parents. Which of the following is true?
A)The father is the carrier of the disorder.
B)Both parents are carriers of the disorder.
C)The father is not the 'biological father' of the baby.
D)The disorder must be due to a mutation.
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Chapter 8: Nursing Care of People in Pain
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is assessing a person's pain history. Which of the following methods of assessment would be useful for this?
A)PQRST (Provokes-Quality-Radiates-Severity-Time)guide.
B)Biofeedback rating.
C)Visual analogue scale.
D)FACES pain scale.
Q2) The nurse recognises that which of the following is a common adverse effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?
A)Nausea.
B)Pinpoint pupils.
C)Arrhythmias.
D)Bronchospasm.
Q3) An older person is seen talking and laughing in the clinic's waiting room, yet complains of excruciating pain. The nurse realises this person is most likely demonstrating which of the following?
A)Inconsistent behavioural response to pain.
B)The desire for narcotics.
C)Denial of his level of pain.
D)Pain tolerance.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Nursing Care of People With Altered Fluid,
Electrolyte, Acid-Based Balance
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47633
Sample Questions
Q1) A postoperative person with a fluid volume deficit is prescribed progressive ambulation, yet is weak from the inadequate fluid status. What can the nurse do to help this person?
A)Contact physiotherapy to provide a walker.
B)Assist the person to maintain a standing position for several minutes at a time.
C)This person should remain on bed rest at the moment.
D)Assist the person to move into different positions in stages.
Q2) A person is admitted with an elevated serum sodium level caused by being stranded in rugged bushland for 5 days without a fresh water source. Which of the following is this person at risk of developing?
A)Cerebral bleeding
B)Hypertension
C)Tetany
D)Hyperventilation
Q3) The nurse assesses a person's recent weight loss as being 10 kilograms. How many litres of fluid did this person lose? ____________
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Chapter 10: Nursing Care of People Experiencing Trauma and Shock
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are manifestations of moderate (Class III)haemorrhagic shock involving the loss of 1,800 ml of blood in an adult?
A)Pulse pressure decreased and heart rate less than 100 bpm.
B)Pulse pressure decreased and capillary refill mildly increased.
C)Blood pressure decreased and pulse pressure normal.
D)Heart rate greater than 120 bpm and capillary refill delayed.
Q2) A person is diagnosed as being in the warm phase of septic shock. The nurse will expect to see which of the following signs and symptoms in this person?
A)Pale skin.
B)Respirations rapid and shallow.
C)Alert and anxious.
D)Urine output less than 30 ml per hour.
Q3) The nurse recognises that the probability of a cervical spine injury decreases if the patient has which of the following?
A)Midline cervical spine tenderness.
B)Focal neurological defects.
C)Absence of intoxication.
D)Painful distracting injury.
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Chapter 11: Nursing Care of People With Infections
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47635
Sample Questions
Q1) A person with a compromised immune system is admitted to the hospital with an infection. Which of the following will most likely be done to help this person?
A)Discharge the person early to recover at home.
B)Place the person in a semi-private room.
C)Place the person in respiratory isolation.
D)Utilise isolation techniques to protect the person from further infection.
Q2) A person who received a vaccination 2 weeks prior returns to the clinic with a wound at the inoculation site. What has happened? The person is:
A)scratching the inoculation site.
B)allergic to the inoculation.
C)experiencing a severe localised reaction to the inoculation.
D)demonstrating localised signs of the disease that the inoculation was intended to prevent.
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Chapter 12: Nursing Care of People With Altered Immunity
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person tells the nurse, 'I had this rheumatoid arthritis pain under control, but then I learned I might lose my job'. Which of the following should the nurse say in response to this person?
A)'The pain will inevitably get worse'.
B)'You need to find a job more suited to your condition'.
C)'Stress can cause an exacerbation of the arthritis'.
D)'Have you considered going on disability?'
Q2) Which is the most widely used screening test for HIV?
A)ELISA
B)IgE serum levels
C)CD4 cell count
D)HIV viral load test
Q3) A person tells the nurse, 'I get stomach pains and diarrhoea every time I drink milk'. This person is a type ________ allergic response.
A)I
B)II
C)III
D)IV
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14
Chapter 13: Nursing Care of People With Cancer
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person is receiving bleomycin as part of his chemotherapy cancer treatment. Which of the following should the nurse do prior to his treatment?
A)Teach oral care for stomatitis.
B)Assess respiratory status and check for rales.
C)Assess for diarrhoea.
D)Evaluate for motor weakness.
Q2) The nurse is preparing to change the postoperative dressing of a person with a mastectomy. During the dressing change, the person looks away. Which of the following should the nurse do to assist this person?
A)Suggest that the person get a family member to do the dressing.
B)Recommend that the person receive community care upon discharge because the person will not be able to provide self-dressing changes.
C)Hand the person a mirror so that she can look at the incision while the dressing is being changed.
D)Support the person; however, do not avoid discussing the incision.
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15
Chapter 14: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the
Integumentary System
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After the completion of an integumentary status assessment, the nurse documents: '+1 oedema right lower leg'. What does this documentation mean?
A)Slight pitting, no obvious distortion
B)Deeper pit, no obvious distortion
C)Pitting is obvious; extremities are swollen
D)Pitting remains with obvious distortion
Q2) The nurse is conducting an interview about a person's integumentary status. Which of the following characteristics would cause the nurse to focus on risk factors for skin cancer?
A)Lives in Hobart, Tasmania
B)Female, age 35
C)Blond hair and blue eyes
D)Works in an office
Q3) A person has bluish discolouration of the skin. What is the name given to this skin colour change?
A)Erythema
B)Pallor
C)Jaundice
D)Cyanosis
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Nursing Care of People With Integumentary Disorders
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47639
Sample Questions
Q1) A young child frequently scratches the scalp, and the hair is clumped and has a foul odour. What should the nurse suggest to the child's mother?
A)Wash the hair more frequently.
B)Cut the hair short.
C)Have a blood glucose level tested.
D)Check the child for head lice.
Q2) A person has an itchy reddened area on both hands. Which technique should the nurse use when assessing this person?
A)Ask if soap or detergent has been changed recently.
B)Listen to breath sounds.
C)Check the lower limbs.
D)Assess hand grasp strength.
Q3) A person in a wheelchair has a history of sacral pressure ulcer formation. Which instruction should be included in the person's teaching?
A)Sit on a donut.
B)Shift the weight every 15 minutes to hourly.
C)Have a family member pull the person up in the wheelchair.
D)Stay in one position as long as possible.
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Chapter 16: Nursing Care of People With Burns
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47640
Sample Questions
Q1) A person has extensive burns involving the front of both legs. Using the Wallace rule of nines, what percentage of this person's total body surface area is burned?
A)9.
B)18.
C)27.
D)36.
Q2) A woman comes into the clinic complaining of nausea and vomiting after spending the weekend at a seaside resort. On which area should the nurse focus when assessing this person?
A)Eating pattern.
B)Recent sunburn.
C)Rest and sleep pattern.
D)Alcohol consumption.
Q3) A person with a major burn has dead skin and eschar. What should the nurse use to clean this wound?
A)Iodine solution.
B)Silver sulfadiazine.
C)A mild, antimicrobial soap.
D)Chlorhexidine.
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Page 18
Chapter 17: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the Endocrine System
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47641
Sample Questions
Q1) A person scheduled for a test for glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)level asks about the purpose of the test. How should the nurse respond to this person?
A)'It's to check for pituitary functioning.'
B)'It's a blood test to check for thyroid dysfunction.'
C)'It's a blood test to check for adrenal functioning.'
D)'It's to check for pancreas functioning.'
Q2) A person is scheduled for a thyroidectomy. What should the nurse include when teaching this person about recovery after the procedure?
A)A low calcium diet will be prescribed.
B)Exercise will be restricted for up to six months after the surgery.
C)Hormone replacement medications might be needed because of the removal of the parathyroid glands.
D)Physical therapy sessions will need to be continued.
Q3) A middle-aged person has a low cortisol level. What could this finding indicate?
A)Cushing's syndrome.
B)Acromegaly.
C)Grave's disease.
D)Hypothyroidism.
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Chapter 18: Nursing Care of People With Endocrine Disorders
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47642
Sample Questions
Q1) A person with myxoedema is concerned about a rising cholesterol level despite adhering to a strict diet. How should the nurse respond to this person?
A)'It's a normal part of ageing.'
B)'The thyroid gland disease can affect your cholesterol level.'
C)'You need to cut all fat out of your diet'
D)'Maybe you don't realise how much fat is in the foods that you eat.'
Q2) A family member is concerned about keeping an older person's broken skin areas clean. What should the nurse teach this family member?
A)'Use warm water.'
B)'Use firm, consistent strokes when bathing.'
C)'Make sure she has a daily bath.'
D)'Follow the bath with an alcohol body massage.'
Q3) A person is scheduled for a thyroidectomy. What should the nurse include when providing preoperative teaching?
A)Remind the person to avoid iodine and salt.
B)Review scar expectations and how the use of plastic surgery is often helpful.
C)Explain how the bed will need to be flat after surgery.
D)Instruct about how to support the neck with the hands while coughing.
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Chapter 19: Nursing Care of People With Diabetes Mellitus
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47643
Sample Questions
Q1) A person with diabetes wants to check the feet every day but is unable to lift the legs because of arthritic knees. '''Which technique should the nurse advise for this person?
A)'Prop a mirror against the wall and lift the foot, checking for any skin breakdown.'
B)'Wear only soft shoes or socks.'
C)'Check the inside of socks when changing for any bleeding.'
D)'Don't worry about it unless pain in the feet is present.'
Q2) The nurse determines that a person has evidence of peripheral vascular disease associated with diabetes. What did the nurse most likely ascertain to make this clinical decision?
A)Even hair distribution on legs.
B)Feet warm and dry bilaterally.
C)Intermittent claudication of the lower legs.
D)Intact skin between toes.
Q3) Which medication is classified as an ultra-short-acting insulin?
A)Protaphane.
B)Isophane NPH.
C)Insulin glargine.
D)Insulin aspart.
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21
Chapter 20: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the
Gastrointestinal
System
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47644
Sample Questions
Q1) A person consumes excessive amounts of vitamins A and E. What condition is this person at risk of developing?
A)Diarrhoea
B)A compensatory increase in vitamin C excretion
C)Constipation
D)Vitamin toxicity
Q2) During the calculation of a person's caloric intake, the nurse learns that the person ingests 175 grams of carbohydrates per day. How many kilojoules does this volume of carbohydrate translate into?
A)2900
B)5800
C)11 700
D)26 000
Q3) A person learns that he has an 'incompetent pyloric sphincter.' What could this person experience?
A)Reduced saliva production
B)Difficulty swallowing solids
C)Pain with digestion of carbohydrates
D)Inconsistent gastric emptying
22
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Chapter 21: Nursing Care of People With Nutritional Disorders
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is reviewing the serum lipids of a person with a BMI of 31. Which of the following would be expected in this person?
A)Low HDL
B)Low serum triglycerides
C)Elevated HDL
D)Low LDL
Q2) An overweight female states, 'I'm trying to stick to my diet and exercise plan, but my husband tells me that I'm fine the way I am.' What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this person?
A)Chronic low self-esteem
B)Activity intolerance
C)Imbalanced nutrition: more than body requirements
D)Ineffective therapeutic regimen management
Q3) An elderly person who uses a walker tells the nurse, 'I'm so alone now that my family is gone.' What is this person at risk of developing?
A)Obesity
B)Malnutrition
C)Inappropriate coping
D)Immobility
23
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Chapter 22: Nursing Care of People With Upper
Gastrointestinal Disorders
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person who had stomach cancer surgery 2 years ago comes into the clinic fearful that the 'cancer is back because I'm so tired all of the time.' The nurse realises that this person is likely experiencing which of the following?
A)Muscle wasting
B)Respiratory metastases
C)A return of the stomach cancer
D)Anaemia resulting from vitamin deficiency
Q2) A person is commencing therapy with nystatin (Nilstat), a topical antifungal medication to treat oral thrush. What would the nurse teach the person about using this medication?
A)Immediately expectorate the oral suspension.
B)Do not eat or drink for 30 minutes after the medication.
C)The medication is safe to use during pregnancy.
D)Take the medication with food or milk.
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24
Chapter 23: Nursing Care of People With Bowel Disorders
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person is scheduled for a test to visualise the entire colon. What should the nurse provide pre-procedure instructions for? A(n):
A)pyelogram.
B)colonoscopy.
C)flexible sigmoidoscopy.
D)gastroscopy.
Q2) A person is undergoing a small bowel series radiological examination. What is the appropriate nursing advice for this procedure?
A)In preparation for the test, the person must consume a high-fibre diet.
B)The person will be on a fluid restriction immediately after the test.
C)The person's stool will be chalky white for several days after the exam.
D)The person will be NBM for 24 hours before the procedure.
Q3) A person is scheduled for an abdominal ultrasound. Which of the following should the nurse provide as pre-procedure instructions?
A)'Take clear liquids only after midnight.'
B)'Be sure to stop eating or drinking for at least 8 hours before the test.'
C)'Do not eat anything 2 hours before the test.'
D)'You can eat and drink what you want.'
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25
Chapter 24: Nursing Care of People With Gallbladder, Liver, and Pancreatic Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person with hepatic cirrhosis begins to bleed. Which of the following is the first priority of treatment?
A)Assessment of vital signs
B)Administration of diuretics
C)Restoration of haemodynamic stability
D)Obtaining labs to determine level of blood loss
Q2) A person comes into the clinic complaining of 'gaining weight only in the stomach.'
This person is exhibiting signs of which condition?
A)Haemolytic jaundice
B)Hepatic encephalopathy
C)Oesophageal varices
D)Portal hypertension
Q3) A person with acute pancreatitis is being discharged. Which of the following should the nurse include when providing discharge instructions to this person?
A)Limit smoking.
B)Resume a regular diet.
C)Avoid all alcohol.
D)Restrict caffeine intake.
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Chapter 25: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the Renal System
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Upon a routine urinalysis, a person is found to have +3 ketones in the urine. Which of the following should be done following this finding?
A)Suggest that the person be tested for diabetes mellitus.
B)Schedule a renal CT scan.
C)Schedule an intravenous pyelogram.
D)Nothing. This is normal.
Q2) The nurse is collecting a sample of a person's urine for composite analysis. Which of the following is the largest component of urine, by weight?
A)Glucose
B)Urea
C)Sodium
D)Magnesium
Q3) A person is scheduled for a renal angiogram. Of the following, select the interventions that would be most appropriate to prepare this person for the diagnostic test. Select all that apply.
A)Monitor urine output.
B)Fast for 8 to 12 hours before the test.
C)Take a laxative the night before.
D)Place on a clear fluid diet.
Page 27
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Chapter 26: Nursing Care of People With Urinary Tract Disorders
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47650
Sample Questions
Q1) An elderly person with diabetes is diagnosed with a flaccid bladder. Which of the following should be included in the care of this person?
A)Instruction about the Crede method for bladder emptying.
B)Instruction about ways to maintain acidic urine.
C)Instruction about the use of anticholinergic medications.
D)Reminder to increase fluid intake.
Q2) A woman is admitted with multiple medical problems and incontinence, regardless of the position or situation. Which type of incontinence is the person most likely experiencing?
A)Functional.
B)Overflow.
C)Stress.
D)Urge.
Q3) A woman is admitted with an overdistended bladder. Which of the following diagnostic tests can be done to confirm the diagnosis of urinary retention?
A)Cystoscopy.
B)Intravenous pyelography.
C)Bladder scan.
D)Mid-stream urine collection.
Page 28
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Chapter 27: Nursing Care of People With Kidney Disorders
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person is diagnosed with 45% of normal glomerular filtration. The nurse realises that this person is experiencing which of the following?
A)Renal insufficiency.
B) Acute kidney injury.
C)Chronic kidney disease.
D) Nephrotic syndrome.
Q2) An elderly person with decreased renal function is admitted to the hospital with cardiac complications. Which of the following concerns should the nurse have regarding this person's medications?
A)Is the person receiving too much medication because of impaired renal function?
B)What are the costs of the person's medications?
C)What vitamin and mineral supplements is this person taking?
D)Is the person taking the prescribed dosage?
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Chapter 28: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the Cardiovascular
and Lymphatic
Systems
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20 Verified Questions
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Q1) A common laboratory test related to heart assessment is fasting lipids. Which of the following statements is true regarding this test?
A)Cholesterol levels should be less than 200 mg/dL.
B)HDL is not part of this test.
C)LDL is measured and should be over 130 mg/dL.
D)A normal triglyceride level is 200-300 mg/dL.
Q2) When listening to heart sounds, the nurse expects to hear S1 and S2. The presence of an additional sound immediately following S2 is called ________, which can result from ________.
A)S3, a stenotic mitral valve.
B)S4, increased resistance to ventricular filling.
C)S4, inflammation of the pericardial sac.
D)S3, myocardial failure.
Q3) An older adult is being evaluated for age-related cardiac changes. Common age-related changes include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A)Decreased cardiac output.
B)Increased cardiac output.
C)Decreased stroke volume.
D)Decreased blood pressure.
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Chapter 29: Nursing Care of People With Coronary Heart Disease
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Q1) The person is admitted to the hospital for evaluation and diagnosis of cardiovascular pathology. The person is scheduled for an ejection fraction study. What correct facts will guide teaching of the person? (Select all that apply.)
A)An ejection fraction (EF)study will measure the percentage of total blood in the ventricle ejected from the heart with each beat.
B)Stroke volume times heart rate equals cardiac output.
C)The normal ejection fraction is 70-90%.
D)An ejection fraction (EF)provides information about how effectively the heart is pumping.
Q2) When listening to heart sounds, the nurse expects to hear S1 and S2. The presence of an additional sound immediately following S2 is called ________, which can result from ________.
A)S3, a stenotic mitral valve.
B)S4, increased resistance to ventricular filling.
C)S4, inflammation of the pericardial sac.
D)S3, myocardial failure.
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Chapter 30: Nursing Care of People With Cardiac Disorders
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Q1) Which of the following is correct for a 52-year-old obese male who is admitted with elevated triglycerides and a history of smoking two packs of cigarettes a day for 20 years? He:
A)possesses all non-modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease that cannot be overcome.
B)possesses all modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease that can be overcome.
C)is at high risk of coronary artery disease.
D)is not at an increased risk of coronary artery disease.
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about medications used to treat hyperlipidaemia? They:
A)include nicotinic acid as a first-line drug to lower cholesterol levels.
B)include statins, which act by lowering LDL levels.
C)do not include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
D)act by increasing the LDL levels and decreasing the HDL levels.
Q3) What should a person who is taking a statin medication be monitored for?
A)Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels.
B)Constipation and sudden back pain.
C)Blood glucose and uric acid levels.
D)Serum cholesterol and liver enzymes.
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Chapter 31: Nursing Care of People With Vascular and Lymphatic Disorders
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Q1) What is a possible manifestation of heart failure?
A)Ascites.
B)Polyuria.
C)Delayed capillary refill.
D)Bradycardia.
Q2) Which of the following would be an initial manifestation of Rheumatic Fever?
A)Involuntary muscle spasms
B)Joint pain
C)Heart murmur
D)Chest pain
Q3) Which of the following would be severely impaired in a patient with cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
A)Right Ventricle
B)Left Atrium
C)Left Ventricle
D)Right Atrium
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Chapter 32: Nursing Care of People With Hematologic Disorders
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Q1) Which of the following symptoms marks the terminal stage of multiple myeloma?
A)Lethargy
B)Bone pain
C)Hypercalcaemia
D)Pancytopenia
Q2) The nurse is planning to instruct a person with secondary polycythaemia about ways to prevent blood stasis. Which of the following should be included in these instructions?
A)Restrict daily fluid intake.
B)Black stools are to be expected.
C)Elevate lower limbs when sitting.
D)Leg pain is to be expected.
Q3) A person is being treated for acquired haemolytic anemia. Which of the following assessment findings would suggest that the condition is severe?
A)Bradycardia
B)Misshaped limbs due to pathological fractures
C)Splenomegaly
D)Liver tenderness
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Chapter 33: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the
Respiratory
System
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Q1) A person is demonstrating poor exhalation. The nurse realises that this person is at risk of developing which of the following?
A)Increased carbon dioxide levels
B)Increased oxygen levels
C)Reduced oxygen capacity of red blood cells
D)Reduced respiratory reserve volume
Q2) A person's blood oxygen saturation level is 99% on room air. Through which of the following structures does the nurse realise that the oxygenated blood is transported to the heart ?
A)Pulmonary arteries
B)Jugular veins
C)Pulmonary veins
D)Superior vena cava
Q3) Which of the following would the nasopharynx serve as a passage way for as it works in the respiratory system?
A)Air and food
B)Air only
C)Food only
D)Debris
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Chapter 34: Nursing Care of People With Upper Respiratory Disorders
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Q1) A young adult man is seen in the emergency department after sustaining injuries from a motorcycle accident. During the assessment, the person's nose begins to bleed. Which of the following should the nurse include in the assessment of this person?
A)Tobacco usage
B)Alcohol consumption
C)Normal dietary pattern
D)Use of cocaine or other substance abuse
Q2) While recovering at home from a total laryngectomy, a person notices an increase in left shoulder weakness. What is this symptom consistent with?
A)Medication complication
B)Side effect of neck radiation therapy
C)Removal of the cervical lymph nodes
D)Damage to the spinal accessory nerve
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Chapter 35: Nursing Care of People With Ventilation Disorders
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Q1) A person with lung cancer is demonstrating signs of complete tumour response after two courses of chemotherapy. What should the nurse conclude about this response? It is:
A)an indication that radiation therapy can now be commenced.
B)good for long-term survival from the disease.
C)a contraindication for further chemotherapy.
D)an indication that surgery can now be safely performed.
Q2) A person who is being treated at home for pneumonia is demonstrating signs of increased confusion. What does this information indicate to the nurse? The person:
A)is experiencing an adverse effect of the prescribed medication.
B)has become dehydrated.
C)is improving.
D)could be experiencing a worsening of the pneumonia.
Q3) The nurse observes air bubbles in a person's chest tube water seal chamber. How should the nurse interpret this finding?
A)An emergency as air is entering the tubing
B)Normal
C)An indication that the pneumothorax is worsening
D)An indication to replace the chest tube
Page 37
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Chapter 36: Nursing Care of People With Gas Exchange Disorders
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Q1) A person is believed to have a pulmonary embolism that was not diagnosed after a lung CT scan. Which of the following is an appropriate diagnostic test for this person?
A)Lung scan
B)Pulmonary angiography
C)Coagulation studies
D)Chest x-ray
Q2) A 65-year-old male who continues to smoke tells the nurse that he is fine because he only has chronic bronchitis. The nurse determines that this person is most likely experiencing what condition?
A)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B)Atelectasis
C)Cor pulmonale
D)Emphysema
Q3) An intubated person is awake and begins to cry. What is the nurse's best action?
A)Wipe the person's tears and leave the person alone.
B)Give a neuromuscular blocking agent.
C)Turn off the lights so that the person can sleep.
D)Explain to the person that the breathing tube is a temporary measure.
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Chapter 37: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the
Musculoskeletal
System
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Q1) Put the following techniques of a musculoskeletal examination in the proper sequence.
A) Assess muscle mass by first inspecting for obvious increase or decrease in size.
B) Inspect and palpate the bones for any obvious deformity or changes in size, shape, or a painful response.
C) Measure the extremities for length and circumference, and compare limbs bilaterally.
D) Assess gait and posture.
Q2) A person is seen in the doctor's office following several tests. The test results include elevated blood calcium, elevated alkaline phosphatase, elevated phosphorus, normal creatine kinase, and increased uptake of the radioisotope on bone scan. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A)Osteoarthritis.
B)Osteomyelitis.
C)Osteoporosis.
D)Bone cancer.
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Chapter 38: Nursing Care of People With Musculoskeletal
Trauma
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Q1) There is a risk of fat embolus in a person who has had surgery to repair a fracture. What is (are)the early sign(s)and symptom(s)of a fat embolus?
A)Reduced urinary output.
B)Chest pain.
C)Petechiae and tachycardia.
D)Fever.
Q2) Following hip replacement surgery, the person returns with an abductor pillow splint in place. What does this mean? The splint:
A)is only needed when the person rolls onto their side.
B)is used for the first day after surgery.
C)will stay on except when bathing.
D)is taken off while the person sleeps.
Q3) A person is scheduled to have skeletal traction. What will happen with skeletal traction?
A)Manual traction is applied to the limb.
B)A surgical pin will be inserted into a bone and the traction will be applied to the pin.
C)A cast will be applied to the area and traction will be connected to the cast.
D)Weighted straight traction will be applied.
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Chapter 39: Nursing Care of People With Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Q1) An older female adult is seen in the clinic and is surprised to find that she is shorter than she was a few years ago. The person thinks the nurse may have made a mistake. What is the best response by the nurse?
A)Teach the person that osteoporosis and age-related loss of bone mass could be responsible for a decrease in height.
B)Tell the person that height loss is very common in old people.
C)Teach the person that old people are not active enough, so eventually experience a decrease in their bone mass that they could have prevented.
D)Teach the person that older adults often lose height based on poor posture, bone compression fractures and sedentary lifestyles.
Q2) The nurse is teaching a 68-year-old female, who is on oestrogen replacement, information about dietary calcium recommendations. Which dosage should be included in the nurse's teaching?
A)1000 mg per day.
B)800 mg per day.
C)700 mg per day.
D)300 mg per day.
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Page 41
Chapter 40: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the
Nervous
System
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Q1) A person is brought to the Emergency Department by the rescue squad. The person was thrown from a vehicle. There was questionable consciousness on the way to the hospital. What neurological tests does the nurse expect to see ordered?
A)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)and computed tomography (CT).
B)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)and positron emission tomography (PET).
C)X-rays of the skull and spine and computed tomography (CT).
D)Computed tomography (CT)and myelogram.
Q2) A The nurse is caring for a person scheduled for an Electromyogram (EMG). How should the nurse explain this test to the person?
A)It measures cerebral spinal fluid.
B)It measures the skeletal activity of the brain.
C)It measures the electrical activity of the skeletal muscles.
D)It is a diagnostic procedure for aneurysms.
Q3) How would the nurse describe Alzheimer's disease to a community group? It: (Select all of the following that apply.)
A)Alzheimer's disease tends to run in families.
B)Alzheimer's disease is caused by a prion.
C)Alzheimer's disease increases in incidence with age.
D)Alzheimer's disease has a short duration.
Page 42
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Chapter 41: Nursing Care of People With Intracranial Disorders
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a person suspected of brain death. What are the generally recognised criteria to establish brain death? (Select all that apply.)
A)Frequent ocular response to head turning and caloric stimulation.
B)Flat electroencephalogram (EEG)on successive EEGs.
C)Pupils are equal and unreactive to light.
D)Absent motor and reflex movements.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a person with vagal nerve stimulation therapy. What instructions should be given to this person?
A)'This therapy should improve your quality of life.'
B)'This treatment will prevent any seizures.'
C)'You will not need to take your antiepileptic medications after this therapy.'
D)'You will need to discharge the stimulator after a seizure.'
Q3) The person is hit by a cricket ball. This is an example of what type of injury?
A)A deceleration injury.
B)A deformation head injury.
C)An acceleration injury.
D)An acceleration-deceleration injury.
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Page 43
Chapter 42: Nursing Care of People With Cerebrovascular and Spinal Cord Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person with a spinal cord injury (SCI)has complete paralysis of the upper extremities and complete paralysis of the lower part of the body. The nurse should use which medical term to adequately describe this in documentation?
A)Apraxia.
B)Neglect syndrome.
C)Paraplegia.
D)Quadriplegia.
Q2) The person is exhibiting left-sided hemianopia (loss of visual field)following a stroke (CVA). What is the priority of nursing care? To:
A)train the person to scan the right side of the body.
B)explain that the person must pay more attention to objects in front of them.
C)teach the person to scan his or her surroundings.
D)train the person to scan the left side of his or her body.
Q3) What are prodromal manifestations prior to an intracranial aneurysm rupture? (Select all that apply.)
A)Visual deficits.
B)Headache.
C)Frequent nausea.
D)Eye pain.
Page 44
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Chapter 43: Nursing Care of People With Neurologic Disorders
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Q1) What is the medication used to treat the person with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD)manifestations?
A)Propranolol (Inderal).
B)Sodium valproate (Epilim).
C)Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
D)Rivastigmine tartrate (Exelon).
Q2) The nurse is caring for an older adult newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. What medication does the nurse expect to administer?
A)Glyceryl trinitrate (Anginine).
B)Paracetamol (Panadol).
C)Sodium valproate (Epilim).
D)Levodopa (Leradopa).
Q3) How is tetanus completely preventable?
A)Passive immunisation.
B)Complete cleansing of all contaminated skin wounds.
C)Administering antibiotics immediately after a dog bite.
D)Active immunisation.
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Page 45
Chapter 44: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the Eye and Ear
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Q1) The nurse notices that a person's pupils constrict when reading the consent form for medical treatment. What is this observation considered to be?
A)Evidence that the person has normal vision
B)A normal pupillary response
C)An abnormal pupillary response that should not happen when reading
D)Evidence that the person needs reading glasses
Q2) During a Weber test, an older person is found to have increased hearing in the right ear. With what is this finding consistent?
A)Sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear
B)Conductive hearing loss in the left ear
C)Possible buildup of cerumen or otitis media in the right ear
D)Perforated left ear drum
Q3) The nurse, preparing to assess visual fields, obscures the vision of the person's right eye with an opaque covering. What should the nurse do next?
A)Cover own right eye.
B)Cover own left eye.
C)Observe the movements of the person's eye.
D)Assess the convergence of the person's eye.
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Chapter 45: Nursing Care of People With Eye and Ear Disorders
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Q1) A person who became blind in his left eye because of an industrial accident says, 'I still have one good eye and I can still do a lot.' What is this person demonstrating?
A)Powerlessness
B)Acceptance
C)Anticipatory grieving
D)Ineffective denial
Q2) A person is hospitalised with blunt trauma to the left eye. What can the nurse do to minimise eye movement?
A)Patch the unaffected eye.
B)Patch or provide an eye shield for both eyes.
C)Have the person lay flat when in bed.
D)Place the person in a side lying position, with the affected eye down.
Q3) A person is prescribed eye drops for acute conjunctivitis. What is the most important step that the nurse should instruct this person about self-instillation of this medication?
A)Proper handwashing before instilling the drops
B)Reuse of cotton swabs as needed
C)Rubbing the eyes only when necessary
D)Correct handwashing after instilling the drops
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Chapter 46: A Person-Centred Approach to Assessing the
Male and Female Reproductive Systems
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Q1) The nurse is preparing to assess a woman's external genitalia. What structures should be included in the assessment? Select all that apply.
A)Labia minora
B)Cervix
C)Mons pubis
D)Perineum
Q2) A man's prostate specific antigen (PSA)level is elevated. The nurse realises that this man most likely will need which of the following diagnostic tests to accurately diagnose the presence or absence of cancer?
A)Prostate ultrasound
B)Semen analysis
C)Biopsy
D)CT scan
Q3) A man was born with only one testis. What is the significance of this? The person most likely:
A)does not produce sperm.
B)will have a normal level of sperm production.
C)will need oestrogen supplementation therapy.
D)may need testosterone supplementation therapy.
Page 48
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Chapter 47: Nursing Care of Men With Reproductive System and
Breast Disorders
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Q1) A man is diagnosed with testicular cancer. What is the first step in the treatment of this disorder?
A)Hormone therapy
B)Aspiration of the enlarged testicle
C)Chemotherapy
D)Surgical removal of the testicle
Q2) A man with a swollen scrotum is diagnosed with fluid within the scrotal sac. For which health problem should the nurse prepare teaching for this person?
A)Hydrocele
B)Epididymitis
C)Phimosis
D)Spermatocele
Q3) A 35-year-old man is concerned about his inability to sustain an erection. On what should the nurse focus when assessing this person?
A)Level of physical activity
B)Employment history
C)Substance use or abuse
D)Marital status
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Chapter 48: Nursing Care of Women With Reproductive
System and Breast Disorders
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Q1) A woman complains about increasing premenstrual symptoms over the past few years and thinks, 'something must be wrong.' What is this woman experiencing?
A)Dysmenorrhoea
B)Menorrhagia
C)Normal pattern of premenstrual syndrome
D)Early menopausal symptoms
Q2) A 55-year-old woman thinks she's 'losing her mind' because of constant anxiety, inability to sleep and headaches. Which condition is this woman describing?
A)Dysmenorrhoea
B)Extreme premenstrual syndrome
C)Menopause
D)Chronic fatigue syndrome
Q3) A woman is diagnosed with uterine prolapse into the vagina. What factor most likely contributed to this disorder?
A)Multiple pregnancies
B)Cervical polyps
C)Pelvic inflammatory disease
D)Vaginal tears
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Chapter 49: Nursing Care of People With Sexually
Transmitted Infections
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Q1) A person who was just diagnosed with syphilis is allergic to penicillin. What is the medication of choice for this person?
A)Doxycycline (Doxyhexal).
B)Erythromycin (E-Mycin).
C)Minocycline (Akamin).
D)Cephalexin.
Q2) A woman who was just diagnosed with chlamydia says, 'I thought I was really sick. This isn't anything.' Which of the following should the nurse respond to this woman?
A)'You're right. This is minor infection.'
B)'The infection is extremely common.'
C)'This is one cause of sterility and ectopic pregnancy in women.'
D)'You're lucky that you only need treatment and not your partner.'
Q3) A man is concerned about a 'cauliflower-shaped lesion' that appeared around his anal region. The nurse suspects this man is experiencing which type of genital wart?
A)Condyloma acuminata.
B)Papular wart.
C)Keratotic wart.
D)Flat wart.
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Chapter 50: Mental Healthcare in the Australian Context
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Q1) What is forensic mental health nursing? Working with persons:
A)being cared for in the community setting.
B)as the initial person of contact with mental health services.
C)who have had contact with the criminal justice system.
D)in a high-dependency inpatient unit.
Q2) When do the majority of mental illnesses begin?
A)During early childhood
B)In old age
C)Between the ages of 15 to 25 years
D)From about 40 years of age
Q3) Which person might be considered a candidate for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?
A person: Select all that apply.
A)exhibiting narcolepsy.
B)experiencing severe unresponsive depression.
C)with a life-threatening mania.
D)displaying obsessive compulsive disorder.
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Chapter 51: Community Care
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Q1) A 79-year-old person is planning to have a laminectomy. In which of the following healthcare settings is this person most likely going to have this procedure? A(an):
A)day surgery hospital
B)acute care hospital
C)rehabilitation hospital
D)outpatient clinic
Q2) Which members of the Australian community are routinely offered vaccination against influenza?
A)Older adults
B)Middle-aged mothers
C)Children
D)Young adults
Q3) The nurse is completing the community nursing assessment for a person. Which one of the following initial actions should the nurse take with the plan of care created from the assessment information?
A)Keep it in the person's home.
B)Keep it during every visit.
C)Send it to the doctor for review and approval.
D)Place it in the person's health record.
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Page 53
Chapter 52: Nursing Care of Clients in Regional, Rural and Remote Areas of Australia
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Q1) How does the participation rate for health screening programs among rural and remote communities compare to the participation rate of urban communities?
A)It is lower.
B)It is the same.
C)It is higher.
D)It is significantly higher.
Q2) What are the potential benefits of telehealth? Select all that apply.
A)The person is not removed from their home area.
B)It helps to counter the perception of professional isolation.
C)It is cost-effective.
D)It reduces the workload in major referral centres.
Q3) In an emergency nursing care triage, what is the purpose of the primary survey?
A)Evaluation of the person's relevant previous medical history
B)Identification of all acute conditions
C)Assessment of mental health
D)A comprehensive head-to-toe physical assessment
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54