Criminology Test Questions
Course Introduction
Criminology is the scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. The course explores the nature, causes, and consequences of crime, examining various theories that explain why individuals and groups engage in criminal acts. Students will analyze crime trends, the social and psychological factors influencing criminality, and the effectiveness of societal responses, including policing, courts, and corrections. Through critical examination of current research and case studies, this course provides a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between law, society, and individual behavior in the context of crime and social control.
Recommended Textbook
CJ Realities and Challenges 3rd Edition by
Ruth E. Masters
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16 Chapters
1103 Verified Questions
1103 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is the Criminal Justice System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 2010 Gallup poll found that ________% of Americans supported the legalization of marijuana.
A)92
B)23
C)46
D)69
Answer: C
Q2) In the contemporary view,the main parts of the criminal justice system are
A)law enforcement,judiciary,corrections,and courts
B)law enforcement,jails,prisons,and courts
C)law enforcement,courts,corrections,and victims services
D)probation,law enforcement,corrections,and victim services
Answer: C
Q3) Individuals who are most fearful of crime typically get their news from:
A)local news.
B)radio news.
C)the Internet.
D)national news.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Types of Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following groups contains the highest number of individuals serving time for drug use in the United States?
A)Latinos
B)Whites
C)Asians
D)Blacks
Answer: D
Q2) _________ are interviews with individuals who have been personally affected by specific crimes.
A)Crime Indices
B)Uniform Crime Reports
C)Secondary victimizations
D)Victim surveys
Answer: D
Q3) The rate of murders committed by women has ________ since 1980.
A)declined
B)stayed the same
C)increased slightly
D)increased drastically
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Causes of Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person rejects society's cultural goals but decides to continue working in a minimum-wage job without looking for opportunities to improve his skills or standing in the society.According to Merton's strain theory,the person's response to the strain falls under the category of ________.
A)conformity
B)innovation
C)retreatism
D)ritualism
Answer: D
Q2) ________ is an ethical philosophy of social control that focused on imposing punishments that were believed best for the majority of people in society.
A)Utilitarianism
B)Hedonism
C)Ethnocentrism
D)Materialism
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Criminal Law and Defenses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Failure to properly license a dog would be considered a(n): A)felony.
B)felony,misdemeanor,and an infraction.
C)misdemeanor.
D)infraction.
Q2) All of the following are sources of law in the United States EXCEPT: A)ordinances.
B)corpus delicti.
C)statutes.
D)case law.
Q3) According to the rule of law in the United States,the ________.
A)government can punish you for an act that was not considered a crime at that time
B)government can punish people only when there are written laws
C)judges in the Supreme Court are considered to be above the law
D)president can use the punishment he desires to punish the guilty
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6
Chapter 5: Overview of Policing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is FALSE about female police officers?
A)Female police officers rely on lower levels of physical force.
B)Female police officers have better communication skills than their male counterparts.
C)Women are less proficient in defusing potentially violent confrontations than are men.
D)Women police officers are less familiar with the boot camp approach to training than are male police officers.
Q2) ________ is the use of volunteer,self-appointed committees organized to suppress crime and punish criminals.
A)The blue code of silence
B)Privatization
C)The slave patrol system
D)Vigilantism
Q3) In the language of policing,nonsworn personnel are ________.
A)sheriffs
B)discretionary officers
C)peace officers
D)civilians
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Chapter 6: Policing Operations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who performs the bulk of police work?
A)Patrol officers
B)Detectives
C)Training officers
D)Criminalists
Q2) What were the findings of the Kansas City Preventive Patrol Project?
A)The level of patrol in a neighborhood had no effect on the offense rates,response time,and level of public fear.
B)The level of patrol in a neighborhood affected the offense rate but not the response time.
C)The level of patrol did not affect any factors except the level of public fear.
D)The level of patrol in a neighborhood affected everything but the level of public fear.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT one of the components of community-oriented policing?
A)Police-community reciprocity
B)Centralization of police units
C)Proactive policing using foot patrols
D)Civilianization of the police force
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8
Chapter 7: Legal and Special Issues in Policing
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is the exception that applies when the link between the unconstitutional acts and the evidence becomes weak due to intervening time or events.
A)Attenuation
B)Good faith
C)Inevitable discovery
D)Independent source
Q2) What was the suspect,who was the reason for the search of Mapp's boarding house,accused of in the case of Mapp v.Ohio?
A)Child pornography
B)Bombing
C)Espionage
D)Drug trafficking
Q3) Which race or ethnicity makes up the largest percentage of gang members?
A)Black
B)Asian
C)White
D)Latino
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Page 9
Chapter 8: The Courts
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Sample Questions
Q1) When appellate court judges ________ the case,they send it back to the trial court.
A)remand
B)demand
C)uphold
D)command
Q2) Which U.S.Supreme Court case helped to shape the role of the courts in the U.S.justice system by giving the Supreme Court the power of judicial review and the authority to interpret law?
A)Marbury v.Madison
B)U.S.v.Draper
C)Plessy v.Ferguson
D)Miranda v.Arizona
Q3) State trial courts are also called:
A)federal trial courts.
B)nonsuperior courts.
C)intermediary appeals courts.
D)district courts.
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10
Chapter 9: Pretrial and Trial
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Sample Questions
Q1) The two major kinds of probable cause hearings are:
A)preliminary hearings and sentencing hearings.
B)arraignment hearings and preliminary hearings.
C)grand juries and preliminary hearings.
D)grand juries and arraignment hearings.
Q2) A(n)________ is a hearing before a judge or magistrate during which the complaint is formally read.
A)preliminary hearing
B)arraignment
C)grand jury hearing
D)booking
Q3) What is an example of a police "showup"?
A)John showed up at the police department to report a crime.
B)John was sitting in the back of a police car,and the police were showing John to a witness.
C)John is one of the individuals in a photograph line-up identification.
D)John is on trial,and the prosecutor is asking the victim to identify the suspect in the case.
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Chapter 10: Sentencing
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ focuses on convincing other members of society that they should not commit crimes either.
A)Specific deterrence
B)Absolute deterrence
C)General deterrence
D)Basic deterrence
Q2) Leo Lincoln has made a series of bad decisions since losing his job two years ago.In the past two years,he has been arrested three times for various crimes,including drug possession,possession of illegal firearms,and most recently,aggravated assault.He also has spent much of the past two years either in jail or on probation.At his sentencing hearing after his recent conviction for aggravated assault,the judge sentenced Leo to life in prison based on the result of laws in the state of California,which call for the doubling of the sentences of felons who have two prior convictions for serious crimes.Collectively,laws created to sentence repeat offenders like Leo to lengthy prison terms are referred to as:
A)mandatory sentencing laws.
B)truth-in-sentencing laws.
C)preventive detention laws.
D)Rockefeller drug laws.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Overview of Corrections
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Sample Questions
Q1) In England during the eleventh century,those who broke laws were often held in ________ until it was time to impose punishment.
A)private estates
B)prisons
C)community corrections centers
D)halfway houses
Q2) Early forms of confinement in England and other European countries were very different from our contemporary prisons and jails.One of the first methods of confinement was a facility where a wide range of people were sent to work;most of these people were not hardened criminals,but were guilty of not paying their debts.Another form of confinement was exporting criminals to other lands,such as the American colonies and Australia.As the American Revolution began,however,England had to find something else to do with their criminals.As a result,they reconfigured abandoned ships to hold criminals on the riverbanks.The facility where people were confined and forced to work is called a:
A)All these answers are correct.
B)house of compulsory reformation.
C)house of correction.
D)workhouse.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Jails and Prisons
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ________ is a municipal or regional facility that houses pretrial individuals believed to present a risk of danger or flight,those awaiting probation or parole revocation,and those sentenced to less than one year incarceration.
A)total institution
B)jail
C)prison
D)security threat group
Q2) The process of determining which inmates go to which institutions and what the specific conditions of their confinement will be is referred to as:
A)risk assessment.
B)risk prediction.
C)classification.
D)security determination.
Q3) ________ women make up the largest percentage of female inmates in the United States.
A)Hispanic
B)Asian
C)Black
D)White
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Community Corrections
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of shock probation?
A)To administer a series of electric shocks to an offender in an effort to alter their criminal behavior
B)To combine a prison or jail sentence to "shock" offenders with probation in an effort to deter them from future criminal behavior
C)To incarcerate an offender for a long period of time to "shock" them out of their criminal behavior
D)To harshly punish offenders who have committed very minor offenses
Q2) John Smith is a first-time offender convicted of a nonviolent crime.The judge does not believe he is a threat to public safety and wants to give him the chance to remain in the community and be rehabilitated,so he sentences him to six months of community corrections under court supervision,with specific conditions that he must follow.John has most likely been sentenced to:
A)probation.
B)a halfway house
C)parole.
D)a restitution center.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Understanding and Helping Victims
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Sample Questions
Q1) Femicide is:
A)the killing of a woman.
B)the killing of a father.
C)the killing of an infant.
D)the killing of a chilD.
Q2) The shift from a victim focus to a witness focus during the 1800s can be attributed to:
A)the Civil War.
B)the Industrial Revolution.
C)the civil rights movement.
D)the Revolutionary War.
Q3) One of the first governmental agencies to fund research and programs for victims was the:
A)LEAA.
B)CIA.
C)FBI.
D)UCR.
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Chapter 15: Juvenile Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) John is fourteen years old.He is arrested for robbery.The prosecutor and probation officer recommend that he is tried as an adult.The juvenile judge decides that John should be dealt with by the adult criminal court jurisdiction.This is an example of:
A)judicial waiver.
B)statutory exclusion.
C)defense waiver.
D)direct file.
Q2) Who is required to report any reasonable suspicion of physical or sexual abuse or neglect of a child to the proper law enforcement or protective services?
A)All these answers are correct.
B)Spiritual leaders
C)Nurses
D)Police officers
Q3) Juveniles incarcerated in adult prisons are more likely to ________.
A)successfully complete their sentence
B)attack older inmates
C)recidivate
D)steal from other inmates
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17
Chapter 16: Evolving Challenges in Criminal Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) What new tactic is the U.S.Customs and Border Protection Agency using to help fight illegal entry into the Southwestern region of the United States?
A)Body heat detection robots
B)Remote control all-terrain vehicles
C)Digital satellites in outer space
D)Unmanned predator aircrafts
Q2) ________ are more likely to commit bias-motivated crimes against LGBTQ individuals.
A)Family members
B)Strangers
C)Acquaintances
D)Coworkers
Q3) ________ is a disturbance by a group of people that is symptomatic of a major socio-political problem.
A)Hate crime
B)Civil disorder
C)Cybercrime
D)Terrorism
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