Criminology Study Guide Questions

Course Introduction

Criminology is the scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. This course explores the causes and consequences of crime through various theoretical perspectives, including sociological, psychological, and biological approaches. Students will analyze crime trends, the impact of social and economic factors on criminal behavior, and contemporary issues in law enforcement, corrections, and legal policy. The course also examines the roles of victims and the societal responses to crime, with an emphasis on evidence-based strategies for crime prevention and rehabilitation.

Recommended Textbook

Law and Society 4th Canadian Edition by Steven Vago

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9 Chapters

222 Verified Questions

222 Flashcards

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Page 2

Chapter 1: Introduction

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25 Verified Questions

25 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Legal literacy refers to all of the following,except _________.

A) the capacity to mobilize for change

B) the process of acquiring critical awareness

C) the ability to assert rights

D) the propensity to look to the past for legal structuring

E) A, B, and C

Answer: D

Q2) The principal source of Islamic law is the Sunna.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q3) Which sociologist relied heavily on earlier findings to argue that law should be studied as a social institution?

A) Oliver Wendell Holmes

B) Roscoe Pound

C) Adamson Ross

D) Lester Ward

E) Ralf Dahrendorf

Answer: B

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Page 3

Chapter 2: Theoretical Perspectives

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Sample Questions

Q1) Oliver Wendell Holmes is considered father of legal realism.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

Q2) _________ would be determined when a religious judge makes a decision without any legal recourse to explicit rules or legal principles.

A) Substantive irrationality

B) Formal irrationality

C) Substantive rationality

D) Formal rationality

E) Situated irrationality

Answer: A

Q3) ________________ was the founder and principal proponent of the English historical school of law.

A) Baron de Montesquieu

B) Herbert Spencer

C) Charles Darwin

D) William Graham Sumner

E) Sir Henry Sumner Maine

Answer: E

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Chapter 3: The Organization of Law

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Sample Questions

Q1) Researchers have found that the Supreme Court's credibility has _______ since the new millennium.

A) fallen

B) improved

C) peaked

D) held steady

E) varied depending on the nature of their judgments

Answer: A

Q2) The defence of consent is based on the argument that the perpetrator fully knew the potential outcome of his/her wrongdoing and acted in spite of this knowledge.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q3) Remoteness of damage refers to the extent to which the negligent act can be reasonably linked to the damages claimed.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

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Chapter 4: Lawmaking

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Sample Questions

Q1) The mass media function in part as an interest group.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Discuss the major influences on the lawmaking process and provide an example of each.

Q3) The "letters to the editor" section of newspapers is an example of providing a forum for citizens' concerns.

A)True

B)False

Q4) A social movement is always built around a single charismatic leader.

A)True

B)False

Q5) All of the following are banned under Canada's Assisted Human Reproduction Act,except __________.

A) human cloning

B) volunteer surrogacy contracts

C) the sale of human eggs and sperm

D) creation of artificial wombs

E) retrieval of eggs from fetuses and cadavers

Q6) Identify and briefly describe the pre-lawmaking stages of legislation.

Page 6

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Chapter 5: Law and Social Control

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Sample Questions

Q1) The so-called war on drugs has been criticized on the basis of race and profit motives behind this initiative.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The number of death sentences in the United States has increased over the last 15 years.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Those who kill white people in the United States are more likely than those who kill blacks to receive the death penalty.

A)True

B)False

Q4) The term _____________ is used to describe the process by which norms are moved from the social to the legal level.

A) folkways

B) decriminalization

C) legalization

D) mores

E) formalized sanctioning

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Chapter 6: Law and Dispute Resolution

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Sample Questions

Q1) In collaborative mediation,lawyers,clients,and victims must all agree not to go to court.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Discuss the myriad ways that courts contribute to dispute resolution.

Q3) The legal doctrine of _________ refers to a situation where the sins of the employee are imputed to the employer.

A) amicus curaie

B) parens patraie

C) respondeat superior

D) habeas corpreal

E) de minimus non curat lex

Q4) The ____________ stage refers to situations that an individual or group perceives to be unjust and considers grounds for resentment and complaint.

A) preconflict

B) conflict

C) dispute

D) feuding

E) rights-based

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Chapter 7: Law and Social Change

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Sample Questions

Q1) In Egan v.Canada (1995),the Supreme Court of Canada ruled against same-sex marriage on which of the following grounds?

A) inability to procreate

B) inability to provide a structure for raising children

C) moral and ethical grounds

D) traditional religious beliefs

E) majority claims

Q2) Discuss the cultural factors that may discourage social and/or legal change.

Q3) Traditional authority bases its claim of legitimacy on an established belief in the sanctity of traditions.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Illustrations of legal changes in technology outlined in your textbook include all but which one of the following?

A) automobile safety

B) air transportation safety

C) computers

D) forensic equipment (i.e., lie detector)

E) Global Positioning Systems

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Chapter 8: The Legal Profession

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Sample Questions

Q1) Large corporations typically have huge legal departments with 200 lawyers.

A)True

B)False

Q2) A 2005 survey by the Canadian Bar Association revealed the average cost of a contested divorce in Canada is $8505.

A)True

B)False

Q3) In 2009,the annual salary of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was almost double that of his/her colleagues.

A)True

B)False

Q4) In 2009,the base pay of a federally appointed judge was $260 000.

A)True

B)False

Q5) The first woman appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada was Beverley McLachlin in 1982.

A)True

B)False

Q6) Identify the five stages of occupational professionalization.

Q7) Discuss the two types of legal aid plans that exist in Canada.

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Chapter 9: Researching Law in Society

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Sample Questions

Q1) If you were to design a study to determine the level of student cheating at the first-year university level,what would be the preferred method(s)of investigation? What challenges would you expect to face?

Q2) Briefly outline the possible research approaches that can be used for measuring impact.

Q3) All but which one of the responses below is typical of the difficulties inherent in sociological research?

A) It may be prohibitively expensive.

B) It may take years to complete.

C) There are ethical considerations (i.e., do no harm to respondents).

D) There are legal considerations (i.e., access issues due to privacy).

E) Most sociologists are employed in a university where research is devalued.

Q4) According to 2010 survey research conducted on hate crimes,those targeted at sexual minorities were more likely to be violent.

A)True

B)False

Q5) What are the distinguishing characteristics between evaluation and non-evaluation research?

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