Criminology Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Criminology is the scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system. This course provides an in-depth exploration of the causes, patterns, and consequences of crime at both individual and societal levels. Students examine theoretical perspectives on criminality, the social and psychological factors influencing criminal behavior, and the effectiveness of various crime prevention strategies. The course also covers topics such as the role of law enforcement, the court system, corrections, and the impact of crime on victims and communities. Through case studies, empirical research, and critical analysis, students gain a comprehensive understanding of the complexities of crime and societys responses to it.
Recommended Textbook
Law and Society 4th Canadian Edition by Steven Vago
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9 Chapters
222 Verified Questions
222 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A principal function of law in modern society is social engineering.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The International Institute for the Sociology of Law was founded in _______ in
A) the United States; 1965
B) Israel; 1949
C) Spain; 1988
D) Germany; 1989
E) England; 1950
Answer: C
Q3) Which legal system rejects the separation of powers between state and private ownership?
A) Romano-Germanic
B) common law
C) socialist
D) Islamic
E) all of the above
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Theoretical Perspectives
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _________ would be determined when a religious judge makes a decision without any legal recourse to explicit rules or legal principles.
A) Substantive irrationality
B) Formal irrationality
C) Substantive rationality
D) Formal rationality
E) Situated irrationality
Answer: A
Q2) According to Durkheim,organic solidarity prevails in relatively simple and homogeneous societies.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) According to Weber,modern Canadian or Western law would exemplify formal rationality.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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4
Chapter 3: The Organization of Law
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Intentional torts are actions taken by an individual or organization that are meant to cause harm.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Superior court judges are administered by _____________.
A) provincial/territorial governments
B) the federal government
C) an ombudsman
D) the Canadian Judicial Council
E) a blind review process
Answer: A
Q3) A peremptory challenge allows dismissal of a juror without reason by the Crown only.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Lawmaking
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Private interests are much less represented than public interests in lawmaking.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Your textbook identifies six processes considered essential in understanding how mass media can influence public opinion.Identify and briefly discuss each.
Q3) The foremost principle of statutory rule is the golden rule.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The principle that judges should build on the precedents established by past decisions is known as the doctrine of ___________.
A)<i>caveat emptor</i>
B)<i>voir dire</i>
C) estoppel
D) <i>de minimus non curat</i>
E) <i>stare decisis</i>
Q5) Compare and contrast the four perspectives on lawmaking.
Q6) A social movement is always built around a single charismatic leader.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Law and Social Control
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Texas in 2000,it was found that people represented by court-appointed lawyers were ______ percent more likely to be convicted than those who hired their own lawyers.
A) 20
B) 22
C) 28
D) 32
E) 38
Q2) Typical reactions to deviance may invoke formal and/or informal sanctions.Discuss the differences and provide an example of each.
Q3) ____________ refers to acting beyond the scope of the statute or legislative law to protect the vulnerable.
A) Justiciability
B) <i>Authens vicrae</i>
C) <i>Parens patriae</i>
D)<i> Amicus curiae</i>
E) Voda phonus
Q4) What are the intended objectives of punishment? Do they function as they should? Why or why not?
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Chapter 6: Law and Dispute Resolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 2007,a federal ombudsman was installed,replacing federal commissioners.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The outcome of court decisions may be influenced by the type of lawyer disputants are able to retain.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A steady rise in the number of environmental disputes in all advanced industrialized countries can be attributable to _____.
A) increased public awareness
B) damage to the natural environment
C) recognition of costs for environmental repair
D) failure of companies to internalize environmental costs
E) all of the above
Q4) Mandatory mediation is incorporated within the physical and ideological confines of the formal system of justice.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the myriad ways that courts contribute to dispute resolution.
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Chapter 7: Law and Social Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Under Ontario's "you spill,you pay" pollutant legislation,a maximum penalty for individuals is _______.
A) $1000 per day
B) $2000 per day
C) $5000 per day
D) $20 000 per day
E) This legislation applies only to corporations.
Q2) From 1952 to 1977,immigration law prohibited which group of individuals from entering Canada?
A) criminals
B) homosexuals
C) singles
D) Chinese
E) Jews
Q3) For a law to be enforceable,the behaviour to be changed must be observable.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Positive policymaking often involves negative as well as positive sanctions.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
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Chapter 8: The Legal Profession
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1951,the number of lawyers in Canada was 9000.In 2004,this number had risen to
A) 19 000
B) 39 000
C) 83 000
D) 91 000
E) 101 000
Q2) In 2009,the base pay of a federally appointed judge was $260 000.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The first woman appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada was Beverley McLachlin in 1982.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Outline the law school socialization process.How is this effective as an occupational safeguard?
Q5) Identify the five stages of occupational professionalization.
Q6) Women are more likely to practise as government lawyers than men.
A)True
B)False
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Researching Law in Society
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you were to design a study to determine the level of student cheating at the first-year university level,what would be the preferred method(s)of investigation? What challenges would you expect to face?
Q2) What are the distinguishing characteristics between evaluation and non-evaluation research?
Q3) A consideration of evaluative studies that would be most troubling for a sociologist would be which of the following?
A) manipulation of results for one's own purpose
B) failure to utilize the results
C) media reports that misrepresent the research findings
D) backlash from policymakers who disagree with the findings
Q4) The theory chosen by researchers often determines the method used.
A)True
B)False
Q5) According to 2010 survey research conducted on hate crimes,the most common religiously motivated hate crime in Canada is against Islam.
A)True
B)False
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