Criminal Justice Research Test Questions
Course Introduction
Criminal Justice Research introduces students to the fundamental methods and techniques used to investigate research questions within the criminal justice field. The course covers essential topics such as research design, data collection, statistical analysis, and the evaluation of empirical studies. Emphasizing both qualitative and quantitative approaches, students learn how to critically assess existing research, interpret findings, and apply ethical standards in the study of crime and justice. By the end of the course, students are equipped to conduct independent research projects and contribute to policy and decision-making processes in the criminal justice system.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Research Methods for Criminal Justice 3rd Edition by Frank E. Hagan
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11 Chapters
835 Verified Questions
835 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Criminal Justice
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was not mentioned by Comte as part of the progression of knowledge?
A) theological
B) astrological
C) metaphysical
D) scientific
Answer: B
Q2) The independent variable in a study is:
A) the variable which causes the other variables
B) the variable which is caused by the other variables
C) sometimes called the outcome variable
D) denoted by the letter X
Answer: A
Q3) Researchers universally agree that quantitative research is the only valid form of research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The _________________ variable is the variable one is attempting to predict.
Answer: Dependent
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Chapter 2: Ethics in Criminal Justice Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Project Camelot was a study of decision-making in the Kennedy Administration.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Polsky supports the view that the scientific role in research takes precedence over the citizen role in the short run.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Weppner feels that a strict interpretation of the old HEW guidelines would have made street ethnography impossible.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Reynolds' review of research on subpoenaed social science researchers found:
A) an increase in such cases since 1980
B) dismissal of most cases due to lack of evidence
C) release under the Freedom of Information Act
D) less than a dozen such cases mostly involving newspersons
Answer: D
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Research Design: the Experimental Model and Its Variations
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Post hoc error is the assumption that, since one variable precedes another in time, it is the cause of that outcome.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) A _________________ relationship is a pretend or false relationship that is due not to the believed variables, but by other ones.
Answer: spurious
Q3) Experiments cannot be applied to natural settings.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Which of the following was not identified as an advantage of experiments?
A) offer best control for factors threatening internal validity
B) are superior to other types of data gathering
C) are relatively quick and inexpensive
D) are manageable
Answer: B
Page 5
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Chapter 4: The Uniform Crime Reports and Sampling
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Sample Questions
Q1) _________________ is the term for clandestine or nonreactive methods of data gathering.
Q2) Nonprobability samples violate the equal probability of selection procedure.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is a description of a judgmental sample?
A) the U.S. Census
B) a marketing survey of test market cities
C) studying a sample of census tracts
D) the National Crime Survey
Q4) In the UCR, Part II crimes are called index offenses.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What type of sampling procedure is most useful for interviewing widely disperse populations?
A) stratified
B) cluster
C) snowball
D) probability
Q6) _________________ sampling is a nonprobability stratified sample.
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Chapter 5: Survey Research: Questionnaires
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42 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is likely to obtain the lowest response rate in mail surveys?
A) those with endorsements
B) those with sponsorship
C) those by unattached researchers
D) those by well known organizations
Q2) What are the principal advantages/disadvantages of mail surveys?
Q3) What are the major types of sampling strategies employed in Criminal justice research? What are their relative advantages/disadvantages? When would it be most appropriate to use each?
Q4) The expected response rate to mail questionnaires by large private survey organizations in the seventies was eighty percent.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Surveys record either expressed attitudes or claimed behavior and seldom the behavior itself.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss some general guidelines for questionnaire construc tion.
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Chapter 6: Survey Research: Interviews and Telephone
Surveys
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss CATI and CAPI technology.In what types of survey situations are these most useful?
Q2) What are the general advantages and disadvantages of inter viewing as a data gathering strategy?
Q3) The chief finding of initial victim surveys in the 1960s was that there was about twice as much crime as officially recorded by police.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The National Crime Panel surveys employed a stratified multistage cluster sample.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The National Crime Victimization Surveys employed among the most complex and elaborate design, sampling, and estimating schemes ever used on such a large scale in the social sciences.
A)True
B)False
Q6) _________________ is a means of checking on the validity of self reports by interviewing after the fact known crime victims.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Participant Observation and Case Studies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Participant observers should usually record notes or impor tant details on the spot, while it is happening.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _________________ is a situation in which the researcher identifies with and becomes a member of the study group, and in the process abandons his or her role as an objective researcher.
Q3) A "verstehen" approach to research represents a commitment to a more positivistic or quantitative strategy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) LaPiere's restaurant study found that, even though the majority of restaurant owners indicated they would serve an oriental couple, most actually refused them service.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What types of ethical dilemmas might be introduced in the process of conducting a participant observation study? How might a researcher properly handle these?
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Chapter 8: Unobtrusive Measures, Secondary Analysis, and the
Uses of Official Statistics
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72 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Criminal justice researchers enjoy the same state-granted right to confidentiality as doctors and clergy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is not an advantage of unobtrusive measurement?
A) avoids privacy invasion
B) nonreactivity
C) more natural method
D) avoids overreliance upon attitudinal data
Q3) A statistical analysis of data from many different studies dealing with the same research question to determine general findings describes:
A) factor analysis
B) physical trace analysis
C) meta-analysis
D) small space analysis
Q4) High inter-rater reliability is essential for the integrity of a content analysis.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Validity, Reliability, and Triangulated Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the ADAM Program prisoners are forced to supply urine specimens in order to test for drug usage.
A)True B)False
Q2) _________________ validity asks whether the instrument in question does, in fact, measure what it has been designated to measure.
Q3) The ranking of cities with respect to crime would be an example of which type of scale?
A) nominal B) ordinal C) interval D) ratio
Q4) In requiring arrestees to answer questions regarding drug usage the ADAM program is a potential violation of due process.
A)True B)False
Q5) The split-half technique is the most widely used measure of reliability. A)True B)False
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Chapter 10: Scaling and Index Construction
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Sample Questions
Q1) _________________ procedures attempt to develop more complex, composite indicators of phenomena.
Q2) In the Likert procedure the respondents do the work the judges perform in the Thurstone procedure.
A)True
B)False
Q3) With its insistence upon unidimensionality, Likert scales are superior to other types of attitude scales.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Scales reflect levels of measurement or various designs of quantitative value that a variable can take on.
A)True
B)False
Q5) With its insistence upon unidimensionality Guttman scales are superior to other types of attitude scales.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What are salient factor scores and what are they used for? Give an example.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Policy Analysis and Evaluation Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was not identified as a problem related to the attempt to use randomized designs in field evaluations?
A) program staff may insist upon assignment based on need
B) the design may break down
C) the design may not be correctly carried out
D) such designs are inapplicable to field research
Q2) The major emphasis of the NIJ research program is that the research be policy relevant.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In systems analysis resources, guidelines, rules, and funds for personnel and equipment would be described as:
A) inputs
B) activities
C) results
D) outcomes
Q4) Modern statistical techniques can substitute statistical for experimental methods of control.
A)True
B)False
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