Criminal Justice Leadership Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Criminal Justice Leadership explores the principles and practices involved in leading and managing organizations within the criminal justice system. The course examines core leadership theories, ethical decision-making, effective communication, conflict resolution, and organizational change in agencies such as law enforcement, corrections, and the courts. Students analyze leadership challenges and strategies in diverse and evolving environments, considering the roles of policy, community relations, and collaborative problem-solving. Emphasis is placed on developing personal leadership skills and understanding the complexities of leading individuals and teams in the pursuit of justice and public safety.
Recommended Textbook Police Crime Control Strategies 1st Edition by
Larry Hoover
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15 Chapters
300 Verified Questions
300 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Police Crime Control Strategy Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) The 1960s saw the "discovery" of the complexity of police work by what academic discipline?
A) law
B) sociology
C) psychology
D) public administration
Answer: B
Q2) The organizational source of community-oriented policing was
A) the Police Foundation.
B) the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration.
C) academe.
D) the New York City Police Department.
Answer: C
Q3) The 2010s will hopefully be characterized by the term
A) technology era.
B) crime-specific era.
C) ideology-driven.
D) evidence-based.
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Police Effect on Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) To assert that the police make no difference at all on crime rates is
A) a logical conclusion from the totality of research.
B) our current "best guess."
C) overly cautious.
D) illogical.
Answer: D
Q2) The results of the Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment indicate that if an incident is resolved by an arrest,occurrences of calling the police to a subsequent instance of abuse will be at what percentage?
A) 0 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 90 percent
Answer: B
Q3) Events in Cincinnati in 2001 illustrate the principle that
A) crackdowns work.
B) the effect of crackdowns is short lived.
C) cessation of enforcement begets more crime.
D) correlation does not equal cause and effect.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: The Role of Community Policing
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Q1) Among the array of community engagement programs tested in Redlands,California,which would likely draw criticism for overextending the police role?
A) neighborhood watch
B) parenting classes
C) citizen police academy
D) citizens on patrol program
Answer: B
Q2) Of four empirical assessments of community policing,how many reported an impact on crime?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Answer: A
Q3) A community policing program particularly subject to cost-benefit analysis is
A) neighborhood watch.
B) citizen advising groups.
C) problem solving using the full SARA model.
D) specialized community policing roles/positions.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Focusing Community Policing and Problem-Solving on Crime Reduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "Three Citizens' Model" includes which of the following programs?
A) civil service systems
B) citizen complaint boards
C) citizen review boards
D) citizens on patrol
Q2) The most popular form of deployment for community policing is the
A) overlay model.
B) "every-officer" model.
C) beat team concept.
D) CPTED model.
Q3) The success bias in recording the results of problem-solving efforts emanates from which of the following?
A) Federal funding requires success.
B) Awards are only given for success stories.
C) Researcher bias is always present.
D) Promotions in rank are based upon success.
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Chapter 5: A Typology of Crime Reduction Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) The current dominant crime reduction strategy in the United States is
A) community-oriented policing.
B) problem-oriented policing.
C) Compstat.
D) intelligence-led policing.
Q2) To be effective,a crime control strategy must be modified how often?
A) weekly
B) monthly
C) quarterly
D) continuously
Q3) The relationship between crime targeting and strategy/process should be which of the following?
A) Process should drive strategy.
B) Strategy should drive process.
C) Strategy and process should be alternated and interactive.
D) Neither strategy nor process should drive the other.
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Chapter 6: Geographic Targeting Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) What distinguishes enforcement efforts at major shopping malls is the dilemma of
A) maintaining patrol visibility.
B) successfully engaging merchants.
C) enforcement on private property.
D) citizen apathy.
Q2) The primary risk of zero-tolerance crackdowns is captured by the phrase,"victimizing the __________."
A) victims
B) innocent
C) youth
D) disenfranchised
Q3) Police intervention in deteriorating downtowns requires what enforcement style?
A) zero-tolerance enforcement
B) community-based enforcement
C) broken windows enforcement
D) tolerance-based enforcement
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Chapter 7: Offense Targeting Strategies
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Q1) Bait vehicles are equipped with
A) indelible ink on the steering wheel.
B) a disabled starter motor.
C) a GIS navigation unit.
D) a GPS broadcast unit.
Q2) Direct interdiction of an auto theft in progress is
A) very frequent.
B) frequent.
C) somewhat frequent.
D) rare.
Q3) The circumstance variation among the various types of robbery primarily implies the A) need for rapid response.
B) viability of problem-oriented approaches.
C) need for real-time crime analysis.
D) need for varying types of police intervention.
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9
Chapter 8: Offender Targeting Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most frequently used enforcement approach to suppress behaviors of offenders creating disorder is
A) intensive field interviews.
B) broken windows enforcement.
C) decoy operations.
D) surveillance apprehension.
Q2) Interference with nuisance behaviors with an economic base is suggested as more cost effective than arrest in
A) some settings.
B) downtowns.
C) subways.
D) every instance.
Q3) The relative cost of surveillance versus other enforcement approaches is characterized by which of the following terms?
A) very cheap
B) relatively inexpensive
C) comparable
D) very expensive
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10
Chapter 9: Compstat and Crime Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) Enforcement aimed at specific offenses committed by specific offenders at specific times and places is referred to as
A) problem-oriented policing.
B) the root-cause approach.
C) crime-specific policing.
D) concentrated patrol.
Q2) An evaluation of Compstat's implementation in Fort Worth,Texas,suggests that the central strategic element of the Compstat model is
A) focusing.
B) broken windows enforcement.
C) command accountability.
D) community engagement.
Q3) The origins of Compstat occurred in what police department?
A) New York City Police Department
B) New York City Transit Police Department
C) Chicago Police Department
D) Los Angeles Police Department
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11
Chapter 10: Conducting Crime Strategy Meetings
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Sample Questions
Q1) The use of GIS as part of crime analysis among agencies with 100+ officers now approaches ____ of agencies.
A) 50 percent
B) 75 percent
C) 82 percent
D) 100 percent
Q2) Classic Compstat measurement errors include
A) subdividing the UCR category of theft.
B) measuring all arrests, both officer initiated and those resulting from calls-for-service.
C) linking arrests to specific assignments.
D) linking field interviews to specific assignments.
Q3) Crime strategy meetings in the NYPD,compared to those in the 1990s,are currently
A) stressful, but do not use the confrontational model.
B) confrontational, but less so.
C) just as confrontational as ever.
D) more confrontational.
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Chapter 11: The Resurrection of Sherlock Holmes
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Sample Questions
Q1) The clearance-by-exception statistic might be characterized as the epitome of A) Compstat-style accountability.
B) a reality-grounded productivity measure.
C) fuzzy math.
D) the idea that statistics do not lie, but statisticians do.
Q2) The RAND Criminal Investigation Study conducted in the 1970s found no linkage between investigative effort and clearance rates; more recent evaluations in various settings
A) found dramatically different results.
B) by and large confirm the finding.
C) indicate a lack of linkage only for property crime.
D) indicate a lack of linkage only for violent crime.
Q3) The assertion of the RAND Criminal Investigation Study conducted in the 1970s that received the most attention was that detectives were
A) just as fallible as patrol officers.
B) "prima donnas" in most agencies.
C) glorified clerks for the district attorney.
D) for the most part, incompetent.
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Chapter 12: Staffing for Crime Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) The decrease in the number of agencies maintaining certain specialized units,while other types of specialized units increased,underscores the
A) influence of the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement.
B) issue of limited resources.
C) reality of changing offense patterns.
D) influence of Compstat.
Q2) For purposes of employing an investigative deployment simulation model,the variable most affecting detective time allocation is A) victim impact.
B) political import of the offense.
C) suspect status.
D) delay before the offense was reported to the police.
Q3) The percent of resources allocated to investigative functions in a typical urban police agency is
A) 5 percent.
B) 10 percent.
C) 20 percent.
D) 40 percent.
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14
Chapter 13: Deployment for Crime Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) Structured crime intervention strategies are clearly most effective if A) tactical patrol units are engaged.
B) reactive patrol units are engaged.
C) zero tolerance is employed.
D) there are layers of discretionary resources.
Q2) One of the most important,if unglamorous,roles of a responsive police department is A) seeking citizen input.
B) simple reassurance that "we are here."
C) sponsorship of a range of community engagement endeavors.
D) maintenance of an "open mind."
Q3) Eleven studies spanning the time period 1966 to 1998 found that,on average,the percent of patrol "downtime" was
A) 25 percent.
B) 56 percent.
C) 75 percent.
D) 90 percent.
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Chapter 14: Limitations on the Police Role
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Q1) The relationship between maintaining emergency availability and quality handling of calls-for-service is best described by the term
A) spurious.
B) ineffectual.
C) strained.
D) symbiotic.
Q2) The role of professional judgment in allocation and deployment decision making is best described by the term A) fatal error.
B) inappropriate.
C) necessary evil.
D) essential component.
Q3) Resolving oneself to the fact that emergency standby is necessary in policing is A) inappropriate.
B) appropriate only in cases of anticipated national disaster.
C) common.
D) necessary to understanding deployment limitations.
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Chapter 15: Evaluating Strategic Impact
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Sample Questions
Q1) A research project that needs to occur in light of the current popularity of "broken windows" enforcement emphasis is replication of the
A) Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment.
B) San Diego Community Profile Experiment.
C) San Diego Field Interrogation Experiment.
D) RAND Criminal Investigation Study.
Q2) After the "Golden Era" of research in the 1970s,strategy evaluations
A) ceased completely.
B) slowed to a crawl.
C) gained momentum.
D) flourished.
Q3) The status of police strategy research between 1977 and 2000 is strikingly parallel to the
A) auto industry's reaction to foreign imports.
B) development of the North American Free Trade Agreement.
C) U.S. space program after the Apollo missions.
D) evolution of the European Union.
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