Criminal Justice Ethics Review
Questions
Course Introduction
Criminal Justice Ethics explores the moral and ethical foundations that guide decision-making and professional conduct within the criminal justice system. The course examines philosophical frameworks, ethical dilemmas, and challenges faced by law enforcement officers, attorneys, judges, and correctional professionals. Students will analyze real-world scenarios involving issues such as discretion, use of force, racial profiling, corruption, and the balance between individual rights and social order. By applying critical thinking and ethical reasoning to complex cases, students will develop the skills necessary to make principled choices and uphold justice in their future criminal justice careers.
Recommended Textbook
Ethical Dilemmas and Decisions in Criminal Justice 7th Edition by Joycelyn M. Pollock
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14 Chapters
839 Verified Questions
839 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Morality, ethics, and Human Behavior
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the 2009 Transparency International list of most and least corrupt nations in the world,which of the following countries did not rank in the top ten "least corrupt" countries?
A) Denmark
B) Singapore
C) United States
D) Finland
Answer: C
Q2) The application of ethical principles to specific issues such as social research or medical practice is called:
A) meta-ethics
B) normative ethics
C) applied ethics
D) practical ethics
Answer: C
Q3) The term __________________ refers to commendable actions that are not required in order to be considered moral.
Answer: superogatories
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Chapter 2: Determining Moral Behavior
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Immanuel Kant is most associated with which ethical system?
A) utilitarianism
B) ethics of Care
C) ethics of Virtue
D) ethical Formalism
Answer: D
Q2) _____________________ exist apart from humankind and can be discovered by reason or science.
Answer: Natural laws
Q3) The concept that there are fundamental truths that may dictate different definitions of what is moral in different situations is called:
A) moral pluralism
B) situational ethics
C) ethical formalism
D) natural law
Answer: A
Q4) ____________________ is an ethical system that bases ethics largely upon character and possession of virtues.
Answer: ethics of virtue
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Chapter 3: Justice and Law
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Procedural justice necessarily produces substantive justice.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Rectificatory justice deals with how to achieve a fair resolution between individuals when one feels they have been wronged.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) An ancient right based on church power which allowed a person respite from punishment as long as he or she was within the confines of church grounds is called:
A) refuge
B) sanctuary
C) asylum
D) haven
Answer: B
Q4) ______________________ is concerned with punishments and sanctions.
Answer: Corrective justice
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Becoming an Ethical Professional
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Gilligan,men are not capable of analyzing an ethical dilemma using the care perspective.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Briefly explain how biological approaches might explain antisocial behavior.
Q3) Sanitizing language,such as "wasting" or "whacking" instead of killing is an example of:
A) behavioral classification
B) metaphorical cataloging
C) cognitive adage
D) euphemistic labeling
Q4) Gilligan's description of a "soft" moral orientation emphasizing relationships and needs is referred to as the ________________________.
Q5) Theorists who view deviance as incomplete socialization have a perspective that is most consistent with learning theory
A)True
B)False
Q6) According to the text,how can workers avoid cynicism and burnout?
Q7) What advice does Souryal offer to those who desire to be good leaders?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: The Police Role in Society
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59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Klockars,what are the four elements of police power?
A) power, persuasion, threat, and force
B) power, persuasion, force, and authority
C) authority, threat, force, and persuasion
D) force, coercion, persuasion, authority
Q2) Explain the public servant role and the crime fighter role and why the two may be inconsistent.
Q3) The public service paradigm of policing is consistent with utilitarianism.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Informal police subculture may be breaking down because of police unions.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The four major themes of formal ethical codes for law enforcement include all except:
A) fairness
B) personal conduct
C) service
D) integrity
Q6) List and discuss Klockars' four elements of police control.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Police Discretion and Dilemmas
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to South,some of the ethical problems with informants include all except:
A) engaging in love affairs with informants
B) overestimates of veracity
C) being used by informants
D) informant being killed
Q2) Which of the following is not included in Barker and Carter's typology of lies?
A) Accepted Lies
B) Deviant Lies
C) Normative Lies
D) Tolerated Lies
Q3) _______________________ thinking is a type of utilitarian thinking.
Q4) Klockars' "Dirty Harry" problem is essentially a question as to the ethical validity of utilitarianism or,more specifically,ends-based policing.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A _________________________ refers to a situation where citizens are included in an outside agency or board that monitors and/or investigates misconduct complaints.
Q6) List and discuss the three standards that accepted lies must meet.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Police Corruption and Misconduct
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Sample Questions
Q1) Barker and Carter proposed that police abuse of authority comes in all of the following areas except:
A) physical abuse
B) psychological abuse
C) legal abuse
D) sexual abuse
Q2) In his "corruption continuum," Trautman argues that organizations create unethical employees through several steps.Which of the following is not one of these steps?
A) ignoring obvious ethical problems
B) perceived sense of victimization
C) survival of the fittest
D) hypocrisy and fear-dominated culture
Q3) The New York City officers,called the _____________________ were involved in theft,robbery,and selling drugs in the 1980's.
Q4) What are the arguments against gratuities? Provide examples.
Q5) List and discuss Barker and Carter's types of abuse.
Q6) A gift is different from a gratuity.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Law and Legal Professionals
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to _____________________ theory,each individual gives up some liberties and,in return,is protected from others who have their liberties restricted as well.
A) natural law
B) social control
C) social contract
D) reciprocity
Q2) Legal paternalism refers to:
A) laws that protect children against their parents
B) laws that protect societal morals
C) laws that protect individual from hurting themselves
D) laws that guarantee the rights of the father
Q3) Law can be seen as a tool of behavior change.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Organic solidarity has to do with the idea that everyone is similar.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss some laws justified by legal paternalism - provide the rationale for such laws as well as opposing arguments.
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Chapter 9: Discretion and Dilemmas in the Legal Profession
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Sample Questions
Q1) Zealous defense would allow besmirching the character of prosecution witnesses.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An attorney that knew of the location of the murder weapon that his client used is required to turn that weapon in as part of discovery.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe and discuss the major ethical issues for judges as presented in your text.
Q4) Discuss the various forms of forensic testimony and why they have been criticized.
Q5) __________________________ is a profession involved in the "scientific discipline directed to the recognition,identification,individualization,and evaluation of physical evidence by the application of the natural sciences to law-science matters."
Q6) List and discuss the four types of office policy that influence prosecutors' decision making according to discussion by Jacoby,Mellon,and Smith.
Q7) What are the two areas of judicial discretion described in the text? Give examples.
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11
Chapter 10: Ethical Misconduct in the Courts and Responses
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Sample Questions
Q1) To ______________ is to excuse oneself from deciding a case because of real or the appearance of bias.
Q2) What is the evidence to indicate a pervasive pattern of racial bias in the system?
Q3) Kirchmeier and colleagues discuss four types of prosecutorial misconduct,which of the following is not one of these four types?
A) withholding exculpatory evidence
B) misusing pretrial publicity
C) resigning from a difficult case
D) using false evidence in court
Q4) Strict constructionists argue that the Constitution:
A) should be implemented as written
B) should be abolished altogether
C) is meant to be a living document
D) is meant to be all-inclusive
Q5) Strict constructionists believe that rights only exist if they are specifically enumerated in the Constitution.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: The Ethics of Punishments and Corrections
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are some ethical problems with treatment?
Q2) There is overwhelming evidence that private corrections can save the state money.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In your text,anything used to induce behavioral change with the goal of eliminating dysfunctional or deviant behavior and encouraging productive and normal behavior patterns is referred to as:
A) punishment
B) retribution
C) treatment
D) restoration
Q4) The Supreme Court has overturned the use of three-strikes laws.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The term ____________________ refers to anything used to induce behavioral change with the goal to eliminate dysfunctional or deviant behavior and to encourage productive and normal behavior patterns.
Q6) Explain the issues involved in the use of supermax prisons.
Q7) What are the ways in which prison is harmful?
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Discretion and Dilemmas in Corrections
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Sample Questions
Q1) The __________ rule specifies that treatment professionals do have legal duties to third persons if they have cause to reasonably believe that one of their clients is going to harm that person.
A) Tarosoff
B) Souryal
C) Glaser
D) Watergate
Q2) According to Souryal's typology,which type of probation and parole officers may violate professional ethics in not performing duties associated with the role?
A) punitive law enforcer
B) bureaucratic paper pusher
C) welfare/therapeutic practitioner
D) passive time server
Q3) The interdependence that may develop between correctional officers and inmates that is characterized by favoritism is called:
A) Pluralistic ignorance
B) Reciprocity
C) "Trickle down" supervision
D) Hostile loyalty
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Correctional Professionals: Misconduct and Responses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain how Abu Ghraib can provide us with lessons for managing the ethical prison.
Q2) To improve the ethical climate of an agency,Souryal advocates all except:
A) upgrading the quality of personnel
B) establishing quality-based supervisory techniques
C) emphasizing true ethical training
D) screening potential employees using psychological tools
Q3) An element of peacemaking corrections that involves looking at what needs to be done with both the heart and the head is called:
A) "care perspective"
B) "feminine eye"
C) "wholesight"
D) "third-eye sight"
Q4) Restorative justice programs have the potential to decrease ______________ and misconduct for correctional professionals.
Q5) List and discuss some management practices that have been found to contribute to an ethical workplace.
Q6) What are some possible positive outcomes of adopting restorative justice programs?
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Chapter 14: Making Ethical Choices
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Sample Questions
Q1) In __________________________ the U.S.Supreme court granted detainees the right of habeas corpus.
A) Diaz v. Bush
B) Hamdin v. Rumsfeld
C) Rasul v. Bush
D) Pasdar v. Matthews
Q2) The case that dealt with a U.S.citizen held without due process protections as an enemy combatant was:
A) Clark v. Martinez
B) Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
C) Hamdan v. Rumsfeld
D) Moussaki v. Bush
Q3) The ___________________ is a law enforcement approach that utilizes means-end or utilitarian thinking to determine good by the end result,which is crime control.
Q4) The "just war" arguments are primarily:
A) ethical formalism
B) utilitarianism
C) ethics of virtue
D) ethics of necessity
Page 16
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