Crime and Social Control Test
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Course Introduction
This course explores the complex relationship between crime, law, and mechanisms of social control within society. Students will examine sociological theories of crime, the role of institutions such as the police, courts, and corrections systems, and the way in which laws are created and enforced. Special emphasis is placed on how factors like class, race, gender, and culture influence perceptions of criminal behavior and the application of justice. The course also considers contemporary issues such as mass incarceration, surveillance, and alternative forms of social regulation and justice. Through case studies and critical analysis, students will gain a deeper understanding of both the causes of crime and societies various responses to it.
Recommended Textbook Criminology A Sociological Understanding 7th Edition by Steven E Barkan
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18 Chapters
1034 Verified Questions
1034 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Criminology and the Sociological Perspective
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Sample Questions
Q1) To protect the rights and _____________ of the nation's citizenry is a goal of the criminal justice system.
Answer: Freedoms
Q2) Observational studies are also known as ____ studies. Answer: Field
Q3) Criminologists have observed police as well as criminals.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Someone who was induced to commit a crime by police would likely utilize an insanity defense.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q5) Which of the following would be considered a mala prohibita crime?
A) Public intoxication
B) Murder
C) Rape
D) Burglary
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Public Opinion, the News Media, and the Crime Problem
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a consequence of fear of crime?
A) Greater spending on public schools
B) Decreased sentences for drug crimes
C) The building of more prisons
D) An increase in military spending
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following groups has the greatest fear of "walking alone at night"?
A) White men
B) Latina women
C) African-American men
D) Asian women
Answer: B
Q3) Juveniles commit more crime than adults.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Overreporting violent offenses raises the public's _____ of crime.
Answer: Fear
Q5) News media gives more attention to who they deem innocent or _____ victims.
Answer: Virtuous
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Chapter 3: The Measurement and Patterning of Criminal Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) All things being equal,the nation's crime rate should increase when which of the following age groups rises?
A) 10-14
B) 15-25
C) 26-34
D) 35-41
Answer: B
Q2) Men account for approximately ___ percent of violent crime arrests.
A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80
Answer: D
Q3) Crime has skyrocketed in the US since the 1990s.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) UCR data is compiled by the _____ from police department reports.
Answer: FBI
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Chapter 4: Victims and Victimization
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Sample Questions
Q1) NCVS findings indicate that violent crime victims try to stop the event ____ percent of the time.
A) 10
B) 33
C) 41
D) 60
Q2) The National Crime ________________________ Survey is used to increase the understanding of victims and victimization.
Q3) Discuss the concept of "good" and "bad" victims and how they can impact the outcome of the case.
Q4) High-crime locations are called hot-spots.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Of the following,which type of crime is one most likely to be a victim of?
A) Homicide
B) Sexual assault
C) Theft
D) Arson
Q6) Discuss the social patterns of crime.
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Q7) Repeat _____ is a fairly common occurrence,particularly among adolescents.
Chapter 5: Classical and Neoclassical Perspectives
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Sample Questions
Q1) Subjective deterrence refers to the impact of people's _____ of the certainty and severity of legal punishment.
Q2) Religion was the dominant source of knowledge through the Middle Ages.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following countries has enacted the most mandatory penalty laws?
A) Canada
B) Australia
C) England
D) United States
Q4) _____ deterrence refers to the effect of increasing the severity,certainty,and/or swiftness of legal punishment.
Q5) "Three Strikes" laws reflect a sociological approach to combatting crime.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Which of the following is an example of situational crime prevention?
A) Community paroling
B) Hot-spot policing
C) Teen courts
D) Cold case corrections
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Biological and Psychological Explanations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Examine the research on testosterone and crime. What is your opinion regarding this topic?
Q2) Who introduced the idea of personality being a product of id,ego and superego?
A) Fritz Mallack
B) Charles Darwin
C) Cesare Beccasia
D) Sigmund Freud
Q3) Psychoanalytic explanations suggest that antisocial behavior is a mentally disordered behavior,which is not true for most individuals.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is a neurotransmitter?
A) Serotonin
B) Glucose
C) Testosterone
D) Nitrogen
Q5) It has been definitively proven that abortion reduces crime.
A)True
B)False
Q6) _____ carry messages from the brain throughout the body.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Sociological Theories: Emphasis on Social Structure
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Sample Questions
Q1) The adaptation of innovation occurs when individuals accept the goal of economy but reject the means of working and undertakes new means to achieve success.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Some scholars say that a subculture of violence,involving a physical response to insults and other interpersonal problems,characterizes _____ neighborhoods.
A) Institutional
B) Rural
C) Organized
D) Urban
Q3) The code of the street is a response to the effects of rap music.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Anomie and low social integration help to lower suicide rates.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Durkheim put forth the concept of anomie.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Sociological Theories: Emphasis on Social Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) Self- control theory attributes a lack of self-control to delinquency.Discuss a time in which you lacked self-control and fully analyze the situation.What could you have done to have better self-control? How could this be applied to improve your self-control in the future?
Q2) Social processes such as _____ affect our chances of becoming or not becoming criminal offenders.
A) Peer influences, socialization, and social interaction
B) Broken windows, poor nutrition, and inequality
C) Strain, atavism, and superego
D) Brain chemistry, punishment, and media
Q3) My parents used marijuana when they were my age,so why can't I? This would be an example of condemnation of the _____.
Q4) Based on the life-course theories one risk factor not considered is inadequate parenting.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Low _____,including the tendency to act impulsively and to care about oneself more than others,develops during childhood and results from inadequate parenting.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Sociological Theories: Critical Perspectives
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research your local community and find a program that imparts restorative justice.Summarize the program and explain how it fits into the restorative justice model.
Q2) Critical perspectives are often called social _____ theories.
Q3) The proletariat class is sometimes called the ruling class.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Who are much more likely than Americans to think that criminals can change for the better?
A) The Russian
B) The Iranians
C) The Japanese
D) The Saudis
Q5) In a self-fulfilling prophecy,the social-psychological and practical consequences of official labeling thus lead to _____,or the commission of continued deviance and the adoption of a deviant lifestyle.
A) Criminal consistency
B) Positivist magnification
C) Deviance amplification
D) Violence variation
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Chapter 10: Violent Crime: Homicide,assault,and Robbery
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Sample Questions
Q1) Robbery involves both theft and interpersonal violence.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Some scholars think that high homicide rates in the South arises from a _____ in which disputes that might fade away in other regions become deadly in the South.
A) Southern subculture of violence
B) Greater availability of opportunity
C) Decreased access to nutrition as youths
D) Southern subculture of illiteracy
Q3) Which of the following rob in order to acquire money to buy illegal drugs?
A) Adderall robbers
B) Opportunist robbers
C) Professional robbers
D) Addict robbers
Q4) Killings considered less serious or less blameworthy but not justifiable are labeled
Q5) Looking at different regions of the United States,homicide rates are highest in the
Q6) Of all firearm homicides,_____ are utilized 47% of the time.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Violence Against Women
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Sample Questions
Q1) Domestic violence,or _____,may be defined as physical and sexual attacks committed by intimates (e.g.,spouses or ex-spouses).
Q2) The backlash hypothesis suggests that violence against women is:
A) Higher when women feel greater empowerment to assault their intimates
B) Lower when women increase their economic equality and political power
C) Higher when men feel threatened by women's growing equality compared to what men already have
D) Lower for poorer women, and a normal part of cultural evolution
Q3) Women are most likely to be raped or sexually assaulted by a complete stranger.
A)True
B)False
Q4) An estimated more than 50% of Native American women will experience sexual violence and/or physical violence at least once in their lifetime.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Female genital mutilation is a routine practice in many countries.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Identify and describe any two common rape myths.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Property Crime and Fraud
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Sample Questions
Q1) Property crime is highest in the _____and lowest in the _____.
A) Northeast, South
B) Southwest, Mid-West
C) Northwest, Northeast
D) South, Northeast
Q2) The Uniform Crime Report is compiled by the _____.
Q3) One of the most effective deterrents to burglary is a _____,which can scare a burglar or draw attention to a home.
A) Cat
B) Fish
C) Pony
D) Dog
Q4) Katz described property offenses as sneaky thrill crimes that offenders commit because they are excited by the idea of stealing.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Shoplifting is a Part _____ offense.
Q6) _____ buy and sell stolen goods.
Q7) Most shoplifters are _____,or amateurs.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: White-Collar and Organized Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Mafia mystique was popularized in important congressional hearings beginning in the 1950s.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Financier Bernard Madoff used a _____ for some fifteen years to enrich himself and other people who worked with him.
A) Ponzi scheme
B) Drug tunnel
C) Government office
D) Nigerian scheme
Q3) The primary intent of the persons committing _____ is to benefit the organization for which they work.
A) University crime
B) Corporate crime
C) Military crime
D) Street crime
Q4) White-collar criminals generally receive very harsh sentences.
A)True
B)False
Q5) _____ involves the theft of merchandise,tools,stationery,and other items.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Political Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following involves the aiding and abetting of a country's enemy by,for example,providing the enemy military secrets or other important information that puts the country at risk?
A) Vigilantism
B) Treason
C) Impeachment
D) Fracking
Q2) Which of the following is a term coined during World War II that refers to the deliberate extermination of a group because of its race,religion,ethnicity,or nationality?
A) Herbicide
B) Fratricide
C) Homicide
D) Genocide
Q3) Crime by government is also called _____.
A) National-crime
B) State-crime
C) County-crime
D) UN-crime
Q4) Much _____ terrorism takes place in the form of hate crimes.
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Chapter 15: Consensual Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marijuana is now legal in Colorado.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Consensual crime laws generally do not work and may do more ________than good.
Q3) The prison population has decreased slightly since the start of the "War on Drugs".
A)True
B)False
Q4) The best evidence is that women tend to use illegal drugs much more than men do.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Alcohol and tobacco use are more common among teenagers than illicit drug use.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Most prostitutes are _____.
A) Women
B) Men
C) Elderly
D) Juveniles
Q7) Pick two structural or social process factors that explain illegal drug use.
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Chapter 16: Policing: Dilemmas of Crime Control in a Democratic Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) African-Americans and Latinos are much more likely than non-Latino whites to be arrested for possessing ____.
A) Illegal drugs
B) Stolen goods
C) Pirated music
D) Internet scams
Q2) What is a police officer's working personality? How can some of the negative aspects of a police officer's working personality be improved?
Q3) The evidence for juvenile arrests is fairly clear that girls are disproportionately arrested or otherwise brought to the attention of juvenile authorities for _____,such as running away from home,curfew violations,and premarital sexual intercourse.
A) Traffic offense
B) Parental offenses
C) Rank offenses
D) Status offenses
Q4) Compared to police in the US,police in _____ enjoy the respect and gratitude of the public.
Q5) Rodney King was a victim of police _____ and suffered severe injuries.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Prosecution and Punishment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following reflects a liberation hypothesis?
A) The idea is that in the most misdemeanor cases, there is little room for prosecutorial or judicial discretion to affect the sentence
B) The idea is that in the most juvenile cases, there is little room for prosecutorial or judicial discretion to affect the sentence
C) The idea is that in the most serious cases, there is little room for prosecutorial or judicial discretion to affect the sentence
D) The idea is that in the most civil cases, there is little room for prosecutorial or judicial discretion to affect the sentence
Q2) The possibility of wrongful convictions and executions and other problems in the application of the death penalty have led:
A) The Texas state assembly to call for the end of the use of death penalty in all states
B) The United Nations to condemn all nations that utilize the death penalty
C) The American Bar Association to call for a moratorium on executions
D) The National Corrections Officer Association to call for a strike on any maximum security facility
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Chapter 18: Conclusion: How Can We Reduce Crime
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Q1) Discuss one reason why the U.S.criminal justice system is seemingly designed to fail and give one possible solution.
Q2) Although we are not about to change masculinity overnight,it is possible for parents to begin to raise their _____ according to a different value system.
Q3) Building even more prisons will cost the nation billions of dollars:
A) And will reduce crime significantly
B) But will not reduce crime significantly
C) And will strengthen the economy significantly
D) But will reduce the more expensive use of probation
Q4) Which of the following would not only help protect these women from additional abuse,but would also reduce the likelihood that any children they might have will grow up in violent households?
A) Expansion of the network of battered women's shelters and rape crisis centers
B) Building additional prisons and half-way houses
C) Expanding mandatory minimums for drug cases
D) The reduction of prevention programs such as D.A.R.E.
Q5) A _____ prevention approach to crime focuses on preventing recidivism,or repeat offending,by offenders and on protecting society from these offenders.
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