Counseling Psychology Exam Review
Course Introduction
Counseling Psychology is a course that introduces students to the theories, research, and practices central to the field of counseling within psychology. The course covers foundational concepts such as the therapeutic relationship, assessment techniques, multicultural competence, ethical considerations, and various approaches to counseling interventions. Students will explore topics like mental health diagnosis, client communication, goal setting, crisis intervention, and evidence-based treatment planning. Through case studies, role-plays, and critical analysis, students gain practical skills and an understanding of how counseling psychology supports individuals in overcoming personal, emotional, and behavioral challenges.
Recommended Textbook
Abnormal Psychology Perspectives 5th Edition by David J.A. Dozois
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19 Chapters
1924 Verified Questions
1924 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1350 Page 2
Chapter 1: Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Albert Bandura and Richard Walters were responsible for developing cognitive behavioural therapy.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The authors discuss the Violation of Cultural Norms criterion as:
A) an essential and sufficient component in defining psychological abnormality
B) a necessary but not sufficient component of defining abnormality
C) a consideration that will often be relevant to defining abnormality
D) distinct from considerations of psychological abnormality
E) a distraction from considerations of abnormality
Answer: C
Q3) Sigmund Freud has been called the father of modern medicine.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Philippe Pinel was responsible for bringing moral therapy to North America.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was NOT discussed by Skinner as a part of operant conditioning?
A) negative punishment
B) positive reinforcement
C) stimulus-stimulus learning
D) positive punishment
E) negative reinforcement
Answer: C
Q2) Sigmund Freud, founder of the psychodynamic school of thought, was a
A) behaviourist from Chicago.
B) psychologist from Paris.
C) psychiatrist from Berlin.
D) neurologist from Vienna.
E) hypnotist from Oslo.
Answer: D
Q3) In the diathesis-stress perspective the diathesis refers to a predisposition to develop a disorder.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Classification and Diagnosis
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rachel is a secretary at a large law firm, where she is treated with a lack of respect, then she goes home to her husband and children where she has to cook and clean while her husband watches T.V. Recently, Rachel was given antidepressants to treat her feelings of sadness and lack of self-worth. The most likely criticism of Rachel's diagnosis of depression would be
A) most women become depressed, so Rachel should not necessarily receive this diagnosis.
B) normal female behaviour is being medicalized.
C) Rachel is more likely suffering from generalized anxiety disorder.
D) anti-depressants aren't the best method to treat depression.
E) Rachel is facing many difficulties--perhaps changes in her life would remedy the situation.
Answer: E
Q2) Validity in diagnosis is best conceptualized as
A) agreement between different clinicians on the diagnosis.
B) a diagnosis that makes sense based on the symptoms.
C) the ability to predict disorders accurately.
D) a discontinuous approach to classification of disorders.
E) a categorical classification of disorders.
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Psychological Assessment and Research
Methods
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text, the most frequently used semistructured interview in psychiatric settings is the
A) Semistructured Mental Interview.
B) Mental Status Examination.
C) Psychological Functioning Examination.
D) The Diagnostic Interview Schedule.
E) Psychiatric Status Interview.
Q2) It's important for psychologists to focus upon mental and/or psychological variables, and to exclude medical and physical health variables from their assessment:
A)True
B)False
Q3) The resolution of the image produced by (an) __________ can be improved by injecting a substance to enhance contrasts between different sorts of tissue.
A) PAT (positron axial tomography)
B) PET (positron emission tomography)
C) MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
D) EEG (electroencephalogram)
E) CAT (computerized axial tomography)
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Chapter 5: Anxiety and Related Disorders
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The concept of biological preparedness helps to explain why
A) learning to fear snakes is just as easy as learning to fear lamps.
B) it is impossible to develop two fears at the same time.
C) all stimuli have an equal potential for becoming specific phobias.
D) learning to fear snakes is easier than learning to fear lamps.
E) learning is not a necessary component in the development of phobias.
Q2) If a first degree relative has an anxiety disorder, then the offspring have 4-6 times the risk of inheriting that specific anxiety disorder
A)True
B)False
Q3) Mowrer's two-factor theory satisfactorily explains why some stimuli (such as spiders) are more likely to become feared rather than others.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the two-factor theory? Give an example of how a fear could be acquired and maintained in the context of this theory.
Q5) Briefly define obsessions and compulsions as they relate to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Provide two examples of each.
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Chapter 6: Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the steps that is usually followed in the treatment of dissociative identity disorder?
A) discussing emotionally charges memories of past trauma
B) helping patients develop new coping skills
C) integrating the various personalities
D) using hypnosis to assist the patient in role playing the various alters
E) the establishment of trust through a careful discussion of the risks and benefits of therapy
Q2) Research on dissociative identity disorder suggests that over __________ percent of patients report severe childhood physical and/or sexual abuse.
A) 75
B) 90
C) 50
D) 10
E) 25
Q3) Merskey has argued that dissociative identity disorder is created by the power of suggestion.
A)True
B)False
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a study conducted employing cold viruses, Cohen, Tyrrell, and Smith (1993) discovered that subjects with higher perceived stress and negative affect were
A) more likely to have died after a five-year follow-up study.
B) more likely to show "hard" immune system changes.
C) less likely to recover within a 5-day period.
D) more likely to develop another more debilitating illness.
E) less likely to show clinical evidence of a cold.
Q2) One of the effects produced by cortisol is neuronal damage that may contribute to dementia.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following would most likely be considered a treatable problem in behavioural medicine?
A) gallstones
B) a stroke
C) essential hypertension
D) cancer
E) cardiac arrythmias due to genetic illness
Q4) Describe Engel's (1977) argument for a biopsychosocial model of disease.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Mood Disorders and Suicide
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Christine is a therapist who takes as her starting point concerning depression that a person's emotional reactions are determined in part by what he or she thinks. Based on this, Christine is most likely to use __________ therapy to treat her clients.
A) humanistic
B) neo-psychoanalytic
C) Freudian
D) cognitive-behavioural
E) interpersonal
Q2) The Roman physician Hippocrates was the among first to extend the ideas on the relationship between emotional temperament (such as depression) and bodily fluids called humours first proposed by Galen.
A)True
B)False
Q3) List, define and provide and example of two of the common types of cognitive distortions listed in the text which occur in the context of depression.
Q4) The most enduring cognitive theory of the mood disorders was developed by Beck.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Schizophrenia
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89 Verified Questions
89 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dopamine receptors in the brains of people with schizophrenia are either too low or not overly sensitive.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Research examining the eye movements of people with schizophrenia has found
A) eye movements that mirror visual hallucinations.
B) they generally tend to stare vacantly at most objects.
C) their eye movements tend to be more erratic.
D) they are able to keep slow moving targets in focus, but are unable to rapidly shift their eyes.
E) few differences between the eye movements of people with schizophrenia compared to those without the disorder.
Q3) Digit span recall
A) is higher in schizophrenia patients than in the normal population.
B) is considered to be a potential biological marker of schizophrenia.
C) is not sensitive enough to detect a large majority of schizophrenia patients.
D) has been shown to be a reliable marker of schizophrenia.
E) is deficient in about 50 percent of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Q4) Describe the five subtypes of schizophrenia in the DSM-IV-TR.
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Chapter 10: Eating Disorders
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) It has been found that ______________ has the highest prevalence, followed by _________________ and _____________________.
A) Eating Disorder - NOS; Anorexia; Bulimia
B) Eating Disorder - NOS; Bulimia Nervosa; Anorexia
C) Bulimia; Anorexia; ED-NOS
D) Bulimia; ED-NOS; Anorexia
E) Anorexia; Bulimia; ED-NOS
Q2) That certain personality traits seem to contribute to the development of an eating disorder is supported by the fact that
A) these traits tend to disappear following recovery of the eating disorder.
B) these traits tend to persist before and after an eating disorder has been diagnosed.
C) these traits are very common in women who suffer from eating disorders.
D) these traits are very present before the onset of an eating disorder but are not shown after an eating disorder is diagnosed.
E) these traits are found exclusively in people suffering from an eating disorder.
Q3) Discuss the medical consequences of eating disorders.
Q4) Compare and contrast the two subtypes of anorexia nervosa.
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Chapter 11: Substance-Related Disorders
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Alcohol begins to affect driving ability at a BAL of
A) .05.
B) .03.
C) .01.
D) .10.
E) .08.
Q2) The _____________ hypothesis, that drinking is reinforced by its ability to reduce unpleasant emotions has received ____________ support in the research literature.
A) tension reduction ; inconsistent
B) tension reduction ; strong
C) negative reinforcement ; inconsistent
D) negative reinforcement ; moderate
E) contingency-expectancy ; modest
Q3) Barbiturate withdrawal is similar to but milder than withdrawal from alcohol.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Contrast substance abuse with substance dependence.
Q5) Define alcohol expectancy theory and discuss the research findings regarding this theory.
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Chapter 12: The Personality Disorders
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Unlike DSM-IV-TR, DSM-5 requires _______________ and permits _________________ when diagnosing a personality disorder.
A) dimensional assessment of self and interpersonal functioning; application of a categorical personality disorder diagnosis
B) application of a categorical personality disorder diagnosis; dimensional assessment of self and interpersonal functioning
C) application of a categorical disorder of self and/or interpersonal functioning; dimensional assessment of multiple personality disorders
D) categorical assignment to an Axis 1 disorder; dimensional assessment of social and adaptive functioning
E) categorical assignment to a personality disorder; dimensional assessment of severity
Q2) Leading proponents of a cognitive-behavioural treatment approach to personality disorders are Otto Kernberg and Heinz Kohut.
A)True
B)False
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14
Chapter 13: Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A DSM-5 proposal aims to objectively define Hypersexual Disorder (or equivalent) by:
A) capturing only the 3 to 6% of individuals with the highest rates of sexual activity
B) capturing only on the 1% of individuals with the highest rates of sexual activity
C) including only persons who engage in objective definitions of sexual behaviors - that can be verified by observers, and who engage in 3 of: spending excessive time planning or engaging in sex; engage in sex in highly unusual places; try unsuccessfully to control the sexual urges and behaviors; disregard the risk of harm to self and others
D) including persons who display at least 4 of the following: spend excessive time planning and engaging in sex; use sex to cope with negative feelings or stressful life events; try unsuccessfully to control the urges and behaviors; and disregard the risk for harm to self and others
E) including only individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for one additional sexual disorder as a result of their hypersexuality
Q2) Describe the DSM-IV-TR category of sexual pain disorders.
Q3) List the various paraphilias and describe two of them.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Developmental Disorders
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The three chromosomal abnormalities that cause Down's Syndrome are:
A) trisomy 21 ; translocation ; mosaicism
B) trisomy 23 ; translocation ; mosaicism
C) trisomy 21 ; translocation ; Fragile X
D) trisomy 23 ; translocation ; Fragile X
E) trisomy 23 ; mosaicism ; Fragile X
Q2) The findings of the Romanian adoption study are most consistent with the idea that
A) children appear to inherit low intelligence from their parents.
B) early environmental factors shape intelligence, mental, and physical health.
C) intelligence is affected by peer social influences in middle childhood.
D) intelligence is multi-faceted and very difficult to predict.
E) adaptive skills, but not intelligence, are strongly affected by the early environment.
Q3) What is the normalization principle? What has it lead to?
Q4) In general, biological treatments of autism have not been found to be effective.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Briefly explain the psychogenic hypothesis concerning the etiology of autism. Is this theory in favour today?
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Chapter 15: Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of
Childhood and Adolescence
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Julio's mother usually does not ask him where he is going, how he's doing in school, nor does she ever attend his basketball practices. If Julio were to engage in criminal or aggressive acts, psychologists would likely cite __________ as a causal factor in the development of his behaviour problems.
A) a dysfunctional family environment
B) avoidant attachment
C) insecure attachment
D) difficult temperament
E) poor parenting
Q2) It is generally agreed that the childhood disorders constitute more severe and therefore earlier-emerging forms of their corresponding adult psychological disorders.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _________ affects a significant number of children with anxiety disorders.
A) Heterotypic continuity
B) Homotypic continuity
C) Deliberate self-harm
D) Ego syntonia
E) Ego dystonia
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Chapter 16: Mental Disorders and Aging
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the hypothesized etiology of Alzheimer's disease.
Q2) Fred believes that his children are attempting to have him put in an "old-age" home, and he is quite upset. Every time his son and daughter come to visit, Fred tells them that he refuses to go to a home and he knows they are trying to trick him into agreeing. Fred's children are concerned, however, because they have not mentioned a residential home in years. Fred appears to be suffering from
A) brief psychotic disorder.
B) paranoid schizophrenia.
C) late-onset schizophrenia.
D) delusional disorder.
E) early-onset schizophrenia.
Q3) Freud stressed the importance of psychotherapy with older adults.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Pharmacological treatment for nocturnal myoclonus has been relatively successful in reducing the kicking and flexing of the legs.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Briefly describe Socio-Emotional Selectivity Theory (SST).
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Chapter 17: Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Eysenck determined that clients often improve without psychotherapy; there was no evidence that psychotherapy had any demonstrable effect.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is not an example of criteria for designation as an empirically supported therapy?
A) At least ten single-case-design studies demonstrating efficacy.
B) The treatment effects must have been found by at least five different researchers or research teams.
C) At least two group design studies demonstrating efficacy by being superior to pill, psychological placebo, or another treatment.
D) Studies must be conducted with treatment manuals.
E) The characteristics of the participants must be clearly described.
Q3) Discuss the use of Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating disorders.
Q4) Cognitive restructuring requires people to first become aware of their emotions when they are having distorted thoughts.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Community psychology is necessary for prevention for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
A) No treatment will be 100% effective.
B) There are not enough trained professionals to treat all of those who need it.
C) Treatment services have not reduced rates of disease in the population.
D) For health in general, treatment services have not been effective in reducing rates of disease in a population.
E) Group therapy has been shown to be more effective than individual therapy.
Q2) Compare and contrast the high-risk vs. the universal approach to promotion/prevention programs.
Q3) Outcome failures of a prevention program might be due to poor implementation. On the basis of their research, On the basis of Durlak and DuPre's (2008) research, the chapter concludes that ________ and ________ are related to positive outcomes.
A) fidelity ; dosage or intensity
B) dosage ; intensity
C) positivity ; dosage or intensity
D) fidelity with appropriate adaptation ; positivity
E) fidelity with appropriate adaptation ; dosage or intensity
Q4) Briefly outline future directions for prevention and promotion.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Mental Disorder and the Law
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73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26977
Sample Questions
Q1) Civil commitment can only occur under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT
A) a person is at risk of harming others.
B) a person has a mental disorder.
C) a person is unwilling or unable to consent to hospitalization.
D) a person is deemed in need of hospitalization by a family member.
E) a person is at risk of harming him/herself.
Q2) Which of the following protections for persons with mental disorder is NOT provided by the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
A) infringement of rights cannot be arbitrary or excessive
B) prohibits restricting mobility rights
C) prohibits discrimination that may stem from stereotypical attitudes
D) prohibits assuming risk of violence on the basis of mentally disordered status
E) requires such persons be afforded equal protection under the law
Q3) Although Canadian involuntary civil commitment criteria vary from province to province, similar elements do exist. List these and indicate how involuntary civil commitment in Canada differs from the conviction for a criminal offence.
Q4) Describe the evolution of the insanity defence.
Q5) What are the important elements of the legal definition of mental disorder?
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