Counseling Psychology Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Counseling Psychology is a field within psychology that focuses on facilitating personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan. This course provides an overview of the theories, techniques, and research in counseling psychology, emphasizing the development of effective counseling relationships, ethical and multicultural considerations, and evidence-based intervention strategies. Students will explore topics such as assessment, career development, crisis intervention, and the impact of diversity on the counseling process. The course prepares students to understand the roles and responsibilities of counseling psychologists and to apply foundational skills in various settings, including schools, community agencies, and private practice.
Recommended Textbook
Abnormal Psychology Perspectives 5th Edition by David J.A. Dozois
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19 Chapters
1924 Verified Questions
1924 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many mentally ill people are unpredictable and dangerous to themselves and others.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Deinstitutionalization in the 1950's was a great success, thanks to the careful and advance planning of community mental health programs
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The bodily fluids believed to influence mental functioning were called humours.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) In the Middle Ages it was generally believed that those who were insane were possessed.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour
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112 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Freud, __________ is the most fundamental of the defence mechanisms.
A) repression
B) denial
C) projection
D) reaction formation
E) sublimation
Answer: A
Q2) Watson's behaviourism was based on
A) Freud's ideas concerning the development of the ego.
B) the ideas of Freud's followers such as Carl Jung and Alfred Adler.
C) classical conditioning.
D) operant conditioning.
E) social learning theory.
Answer: C
Q3) The leading exponents of the existential view as applied to human problem behaviour have been Rollo May and Viktor Frankl.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Classification and Diagnosis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although the DSM-IV-TR stresses that cultural and social differences must be taken into account during assessment and diagnosis,
A) most diagnoses would remain the same, regardless of culture.
B) the psychiatric manuals written in different cultures should be made available here.
C) the specifics of the manual are determined mainly by individuals trained in the United States
D) very few cultures present their own unique syndromes
E) most clinicians ignore these differences and treat everyone the same
Answer: C
Q2) Taijin kyofusho is a syndrome found only in Japan, which
A) concerns of being embarrassed.
B) is often mistaken for social phobia.
C) concerns a fear of embarrassing others.
D) affects mainly Japanese women.
E) is usually caused by poor diet.
Answer: C
Q3) Describe the five axes of the DSM-IV-TR.
Answer: The DSM-IV Multiaxial
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Chapter 4: Psychological Assessment and Research
Methods
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lisa is seeing a clinical psychologist, who has given her a psychological test in which she examines cards with ambiguous inkblots on them. Lisa is likely completing the A) Thematic Apperception Test.
B) Rorschach Inkblot Test.
C) Freudian Inkblot Test.
D) Halstead-Reitan Battery.
E) Psychoanalytic Inkblot Test.
Q2) What is random assignment? In what sort of research design is it found?
Q3) When the psychological problems of a patient are fairly well known, __________ tests are appropriate.
A) narrow band
B) broad band
C) objective
D) self-report
E) projective
Q4) Coefficient alpha and split-half reliability are both methods for evaluating the internal consistency of a test.
A)True
B)False
6
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Chapter 5: Anxiety and Related Disorders
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The concept of biological preparedness helps to explain why
A) learning to fear snakes is just as easy as learning to fear lamps.
B) it is impossible to develop two fears at the same time.
C) all stimuli have an equal potential for becoming specific phobias.
D) learning to fear snakes is easier than learning to fear lamps.
E) learning is not a necessary component in the development of phobias.
Q2) We now know that GABA is the neurotransmitter system solely dedicated to the fear and anxiety response
A)True
B)False
Q3) Behavioural or mental acts of neutralization appear to be
A) specific to OCD patients.
B) specific to male OCD patients.
C) specific to female OCD patients.
D) not common among OCD patients.
E) a normal and common activity.
Q4) Research has shown that neutralizing occurs relatively often in people who do not have OCD.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ is the DSM-IV label for the disorder in which certain aspects of a person's identity become detached or dissociated; it was formerly known as
A) Multiple personality disorder; dissociative identity disorder
B) Dissociative identity disorder; split personality disorder
C) Dissociative identity disorder; multiple personality disorder
D) Split personality disorder; multiple personality disorder
E) Multiple personality disorder; split personality disorder
Q2) Dissociative fugue often follows an extremely stressful event.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The transition from one alter to another is called a "jump."
A)True
B)False
Q4) Patients with conversion disorder tend to be quite anxious about their symptoms.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List the somatoform disorders and summarize your impression of the current status of this diagnostic category. What are the scientific reasons for keeping this category and the disorders within?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the effects produced by cortisol is the reduction of inflammation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) People sometimes mistakenly use the term psychosomatic disorders to refer to illnesses more properly called somatoform disorders.
A)True
B)False
Q3) __________ is defined as the application of psychological methods and theories to understand origins of disease, individual responses to disease and the dimensions and determinants of good health.
A) Health Psychology
B) Behavioural medicine
C) Health Physiology
D) Biomedicine
E) Psychosomatic medicine
Q4) State and explain the three stages of Hans Selye's (1956) General Adaptation Syndrome. Does this model treat stress as stimulus or as response?
Q5) Describe Engel's (1977) argument for a biopsychosocial model of disease.
Q6) Outline the differences between signs and symptoms.
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Chapter 8: Mood Disorders and Suicide
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96 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The incidence of MDD among ________ is growing faster than in any other age group.
A) toddlers
B) young children
C) adolescents
D) young adults
E) the elderly
Q2) Beck referred to the negative thoughts depressed people often have about the future, the world and themselves as a
A) negative cognitive triangle.
B) distorted cognitive triad.
C) depressive cognitive triangle.
D) negative cognitive triad.
E) triple negative triad.
Q3) Suicide rates have been changing over the years, but these changes have been consistent among all age groups.
A)True
B)False
Q4) List, define and distinguish between the two broad categories of mood disorders.
Q5) List and briefly define activity scheduling and behavioural experiments.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Schizophrenia
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Sample Questions
Q1) Based on findings that symptom-based subtypes of schizophrenia do not have prognostic value, proposed changes to DSM-5 will
A) create symptom-based subtypes that have prognostic value.
B) eliminate the symptom-based subtypes.
C) create subtypes based on severity of impairment.
D) create subtypes based upon presence / absence of disease markers.
E) require clinicians to submit regular, anonymous patient symptom and cognitive-impairment profiles to a central database.
Q2) Negative symptoms tend to become more prominent after an individual has suffered from schizophrenia for several years.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A false belief that is strongly held, held even when there is evidence to prove otherwise, is called a
A) waxy flexibility.
B) delusion.
C) hallucinatory concept.
D) tangential focus.
E) firm conviction.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Eating Disorders
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ disorders have the highest mortality rates of all of the psychiatric disorders.
A) Anxiety
B) Substance-related
C) Eating
D) Psychophysiological
E) Mood
Q2) Cognitive-behavioural therapy reduces binging and purging behavior by up to 90%, with around half of patients stopping bingeing and purging completely.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Anorexics do not engage in purging behaviour to maintain weight-loss.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Briefly describe the types of treatments that have been used for bulimia nervosa.
Q5) Homosexual men and women are at a greater risk for developing eating disorders.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Substance-Related Disorders
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Health care providers recommend that women consume __________ during pregnancy.
A) nothing at all
B) moderately
C) one alcoholic beverage a day
D) four to six drinks a day
E) two martinis
Q2) Nausea, headache, and tremors are all withdrawal symptoms caused by the
A) removal of the substance from the body.
B) ingestion of several different substances at one time.
C) when a substance loses its addictive qualities.
D) ingestion of too much alcohol.
E) body's attempt to fight a foreign substance in the bloodstream.
Q3) The term "addiction" is described as psychological dependence in the DSM-IV-TR.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Barbiturate withdrawal is similar to but milder than withdrawal from alcohol.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What appears to be the main substance abuse difficulties faced by Aboriginal Canadians?
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Chapter 12: The Personality Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly describe the three most common general approaches to the treatment of personality disorders discussed in the text.
Q2) Reviews of the literature on treatment efficacy for antisocial personality disorder patients has been __________ about the prognosis for those with this disorder.
A) cautiously pessimistic
B) unequivocally pessimistic
C) strongly optimistic
D) cautiously optimistic
E) unequivocally optimistic
Q3) Which of the following are NOT identified as difficulties in diagnosing personality disorders (PDs)?
A) PD criteria can permit gender biases to influence the assessment process
B) PD symptoms are often not acknowledged by the patient
C) PD symptoms tend to be dormant for long periods of time
D) certain apparently-maladaptive attitudes and behaviors may be appropriate for distinct cultures
E) there is often similarity of symptoms in two or more different PDs
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14
Chapter 13: Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the 19th century, if you were dull, untrustworthy or lazy, doctors would likely treat you by
A) prescribing a high fat and a high sugar diet.
B) prescribing a diet of bland food.
C) placing you in an institution.
D) giving you herbs and spices.
E) ointments and lotions.
Q2) Cross-cultural research has found that, with regard to tolerance of gender-variance, other cultures are:
A) are similar to Western cultures in that there is very little room for persons who vary from "male" and "female" gender identities
B) allow for some transgressing of gender roles
C) allow for some transgressing of gender roles and provide gender-variant individuals with a distinct name and role in society
D) are often less tolerant than Western cultures of persons who deviate from specific gender roles
E) regard our tolerance and permissive attitudes as a sign of weakness
Q3) List the various paraphilias and describe two of them.
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Chapter 14: Developmental Disorders
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106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The findings of the Romanian adoption study are most consistent with the idea that
A) children appear to inherit low intelligence from their parents.
B) early environmental factors shape intelligence, mental, and physical health.
C) intelligence is affected by peer social influences in middle childhood.
D) intelligence is multi-faceted and very difficult to predict.
E) adaptive skills, but not intelligence, are strongly affected by the early environment.
Q2) The Stanford Binet Scale is an assessment of adaptive behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Adults with Down syndrome are at high risk for
A) Parkinson-like dementia.
B) lung cancer.
C) schizophrenia.
D) Alzheimer-type dementia.
E) Huntington's disease.
Q4) In sex-linked inheritance, the abnormal gene is carried on the X chromosome.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of
Childhood and Adolescence
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adolescents diagnosed with separation anxiety disorder would most likely display A) concern about a parent.
B) sadness and withdrawal.
C) nightmares.
D) school refusal and headaches or stomach aches.
E) excessive distress upon separation from a parent.
Q2) ADHD-I is more common in boys than in girls.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Maternal stress and smoking during pregnancy has not been found to be important risk factors for the development of behaviour problems in early childhood.
A)True
B)False
Q4) "Bullycide" has not been formally addressed among the provinces with the exception of
A) British Columbia and Alberta.
B) Alberta and Saskatchewan.
C) Ontario and Quebec.
D) Newfoundland and New Brunswick.
E) Manitoba and Ontario.
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Chapter 16: Mental Disorders and Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ extended psychoanalytic theory by suggesting that there are critical issues for successful functioning across the lifespan.
A) Anna Freud
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Erik Erikson
D) Melanie Klein
E) Carl Jung
Q2) The notion that we become focused on short term and emotionally meaningful matters when we perceive time as limited is most consistent with social-emotional selectivity theory.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The "cohort effect" interpretation of the data showing declining prevalence suggests that people become more resilient over time.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Briefly describe Socio-Emotional Selectivity Theory (SST).
Q5) Highlight some of the factors that make it difficult to diagnose sleep disorders in older adults.
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Chapter 17: Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does the current evidence say about the effects of psychotherapy, and which orientation is the most effective?
Q2) The process of addressing ambivalence to adopt lifestyle changes is termed A) induction of insight.
B) cognitive restructuring.
C) cognitive therapy.
D) motivational interviewing.
E) self-regulation.
Q3) In family therapy, the focus is placed on reframing the problem so that family can work on tasks designed to change their ways of interacting with one another.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Behaviour therapy originally arose as a treatment approach for A) alcoholics.
B) neurotic patients.
C) psychotic patients.
D) patients suffering from anxiety disorders.
E) patients suffering from depression.
Q5) Discuss the use of Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating disorders.
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Chapter 18: Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community
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Sample Questions
Q1) High risk programs always attempt to involve communities that are at risk for particular reasons (i.e., low SES, crime-infested, etc.).
A)True
B)False
Q2) Suicide prevention hotlines is an example of an application that comes from
A) prevention theory.
B) primary prevention.
C) crisis theory.
D) tertiary prevention.
E) mental health promotion.
Q3) A community psychologist would be responsible for diagnosing and treating those of lower socioeconomic status.
A)True
B)False
Q4) According to the crisis theory of Lindemann and Caplan, people in a state of crisis are more open to accepting assistance.
A)True
B)False
Page 20
Q5) Briefly outline future directions for prevention and promotion.
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Chapter 19: Mental Disorder and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to epidemiological research, about ___percent of Canadians will experience a serious mental disorder at some point in their lives.
A) 30
B) 10
C) 20
D) 50
E) 75
Q2) In comparison to the Criminal Code of Canada, the Youth Criminal Justice Act
A) has a more punitive philosophy although the punishments are less severe.
B) has a more rehabilitative philosophy.
C) is based on research findings that young offenders learn well from negative reinforcement.
D) is based on research findings that young offenders show behavior change in response to brief and intense punishment.
E) includes specific recommendations for behavioral interventions.
Q3) The legal system relies upon psychologists to define the legal concept of mental disorder.
A)True
B)False
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