Counseling Psychology Exam Materials
Course Introduction
Counseling Psychology is a field that focuses on facilitating personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan, emphasizing emotional, social, vocational, educational, health-related, developmental, and organizational concerns. This course provides an overview of key theories, research, and techniques used in counseling to help individuals address life challenges, enhance well-being, and achieve personal goals. Students will explore foundational counseling skills, ethical considerations, and issues related to diversity and cultural competence while gaining insight into the various settings where counseling psychologists work, such as schools, community agencies, and private practice.
Recommended Textbook
Current Psychotherapies 10th Edition by Danny Wedding
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16 Chapters
647 Verified Questions
647 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to 21st Century Psychotherapies
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hellenist physicians believed the organ contributing to mental illness was the: A)heart.
B)liver.
C)brain.
D)blood.
Answer: C
Q2) The expression of certain genes that result from their activation by specific but common environmental events is referred to as:
A)neuronal decay.
B)somatiker.
C)psychiker.
D)epigenetics.
Answer: D
Q3) Franz Anton Mesmer is often viewed as the pioneer of: A)manualized therapy.
B)free association.
C)hypnotherapy.
D)behavioral intervention.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapies
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most rigorous evidence supporting psychoanalytical therapies comes from randomized clinical trials examining the efficacy of ________________________.
Answer: Short-term dynamic psychotherapy (STDP)
Q2) Freud's early view of hysteria described the symptoms as resulting from:
A)hypnotic states for which the patient lacked awareness.
B)behaviors learned early in childhood from role models.
C)unexpressed emotions connected with painful experiences.
D)an unresolvable sense of social inferiority.
Answer: C
Q3) The psychological theory created by Carl Jung is termed:
A)analytical psychology.
B)individual psychology.
C)psychodynamic psychology.
D)complex psychology.
Answer: A
Q4) Freud's view of the individual psychic elements of the mind as layered in consciousness is known as _________.
Answer: Topography
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4
Chapter 3: Adlerian Psychotherapy
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term _______ refers to an approach where a therapist uses an interpretation to reframe a client's symptoms in such a way they will give them up or, if they maintain the symptoms, the symptoms are now spoiled.
Answer: Spitting in the soup
Q2) Adlerians' description of a special diagnosis refers to:
A)biologically based uncontrollable processes.
B)the lifestyle assessment.
C)the diagnostic interview.
D)labels used for inferiority complexes.
Answer: B
Q3) Adlerian therapy views psychopathology as resulting from a sense of _______.
Answer: Inferiority
Q4) When an Adlerian therapist examines Axis IV stressors (i.e., revealing what situations arose at the time of symptom development), this is referred to as the _______ factor.
Answer: Shock (exogenous)
Q5) Both Adler and Freud believed that women often perceive themselves as inferior to men.Adler believed this resulted from _______, while Freud believed it resulted from _______.
Answer: Cultural messages; penis envy
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Chapter 4: Client-Centered Therapy
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a client is able to experience something without barriers, this is termed a
Q2) The process by which an individual becomes aware of an experience is known as:
A)symbolization.
B)reality.
C)actualization.
D)experience.
Q3) Fully functioning individuals capable of experiencing complete emotions rely on: A)external sources of evaluation.
B)pleasure sustaining impulses.
C)organismic valuing processes.
D)biological instincts and drives.
Q4) In developing his theory and clinical practice regarding client-centered therapy, Carl Rogers was heavily influenced by the work of:
A)Albert Ellis.
B)Kurt Goldstein.
C)Sigmund Freud.
D)Aaron Beck.
Q5) Client-centered therapy was developed by ___________.
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Chapter 5: Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following represents an area where there would be the most significant difference between REBT and Cognitive therapy (CT)?
A)Amount of focus on mediating beliefs.
B)Importance of homework compliance.
C)Lack of emphasis on past experience.
D)Therapist's forcefulness in disputing beliefs.
Q2) In the REBT chain (A B C D), D refers to:
A)disputing irrational beliefs.
B)defense mechanism.
C)data from external sources.
D)deterministic forces.
Q3) REBT holds that:
A)events determine our emotions.
B)emotions are due to innate tendencies.
C)beliefs mediate events and emotions.
D)our beliefs about ourselves are rational.
Q4) REBT refers to the ABCD.ABCD stands for, _______, _______, _______, and _______.
Q5) Research supporting REBT hypotheses suggests that _______ are more important than the events themselves
Q6) REBT views the Jungian focus on the collective unconscious as a _______.
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Chapter 6: Behavior Therapy
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44 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Behavioral therapists view assessment as a(n):
A)unnecessary component to treatment.
B)process completed during the first session.
C)continuous process throughout therapy.
D)reliable technique when projectives are used.
Q2) Which of the following techniques would a behavioral therapist be LEAST likely to use?
A)Role-playing
B)Free association
C)Guided imagery
D)Self-monitoring
Q3) When individuals attempt to evade negative or distressing private experiences, ACT therapists would call this:
A)cognitive defusion.
B)deflection.
C)minimization.
D)experiential avoidance.
Q4) In order to help a patient quit smoking, a therapist asks the patient to record what they were doing before smoking and how they feel afterwards. This is an example of using a _______ technique.
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Chapter 7: Cognitive Therapy
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45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would create the most significant change in a dysfunctional mode for a patient?
A)Altering automatic thoughts
B)Providing reassurance and empathy
C)Teaching distraction and relaxation techniques
D)Modifying core beliefs
Q2) For which of the following disorders has CT shown the largest treatment effect size?
A)Bulimia nervosa
B)Chronic pain
C)Panic disorder
D)Schizophrenia
Q3) Which of the following was NOT a primary influence on the theory behind cognitive therapy?
A)Phenomenological psychology
B)Structural theory
C)Computer technology
D)Cognitive psychology
Q4) According to cognitive theory, thoughts _________________ shifts in emotions.
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Chapter 8: Existential Psychotherapy
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The therapeutic stance of the existential therapist is as a(n):
A)role model
B)fellow traveler
C)analytical transcriber
D)reflective mirror
Q2) In contrast to psychoanalytical approaches, existential approaches:
A)accept predetermined explanatory systems concerning human ordeal.
B)view conflict as grounded in human predicament, not suppressed instincts.
C)incorporate concepts such as Jung's archetype and collective unconscious.
D)concur with behaviorists that consequences of behavior are paramount.
Q3) Existential psychologists would advocate viewing the person:
A)in anti-intellectual terms.
B)both subjectively and objectively.
C)entirely objectively.
D)completely subjectively.
Q4) The individual who described logotherapy was:
A)Frankl.
B)Heidegger.
C)Husserl.
D)Nietzsche.
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Chapter 9: Gestalt Therapy
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40 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The purpose of a boundary is to:
A)separate us from others.
B)connect us to others.
C)separate and connect us to others.
D)divide biological and psychological needs.
Q2) In gestalt therapy, the concept of unconscious is replaced by the concepts of _______ and _______.
Q3) In most types of therapy, the therapist may not reveal considerable amounts of information about themselves.In gestalt therapy, therapist disclosure is considered _______ if done _______.
Q4) Greenberg's research comparing person-centered, directive experiential and cognitive-behavioral therapies suggested:
A)person-centered therapy was most effective.
B)directive experiential therapy was most effective.
C)cognitive-behavioral therapy was most effective.
D)there were no reliable differences between approaches.
Q5) Utilizing field theory, a person constitutes a _______.
Q6) The word gestalt comes from a German word meaning _______.
Q7) _______ theory underlies the gestalt immunological perspective.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Interpersonal Psychotherapy
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45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research studies that evaluate the effects of a treatment within a relatively homogenous group, under optimal clinical circumstances, and with the therapy performed by highly trained experts are called:
A)efficacy studies.
B)effectiveness studies.
C)expert-led research.
D)none of the above.
Q2) In response to an insensitive or unavailable caregiver, an individual might develop which type of attachment style according to Mary Ainsworth's theory?
A)Affectionate
B)Ambivalent
C)Secure
D)Bi-directional
Q3) A(n) _____________________ is a research investigation that includes a broad range of participants conducted in a real-life setting by community clinicians.
Q4) The creators of interpersonal therapy state that it is difficult to view dysthymia as a disorder and therefore identify _____________ as a role transition itself.
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12
Chapter 11: Family Therapy
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A therapist employing paradoxical interventions most likely adheres to which of the following family therapy viewpoints?
A)Strategic
B)Structural
C)Experiential
D)Behavioral
Q2) The founder of structural family therapy is _______.
Q3) A dysfunctional family's portrayal of false closeness that forces togetherness despite individual needs is referred to as:
A)pseudo-hostility.
B)double bind.
C)pseudo-mutuality.
D)mystification.
Q4) Rigid boundaries that permit limited emotional contact between members characterize families that are:
A)open.
B)disengaged.
C)relational.
D)enmeshed.
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Chapter 12: Contemplative Psychotherapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Meditation practices can be subdivided into the two main categories of:
A)concentration and awareness.
B)active and passive.
C)cognitive and emotional.
D)psychophysiological and meditational.
Q2) Research has shown that when an individual stops contemplative practices:
A)the effects are maintained for life.
B)the effects are maintained for at least 1-3 years.
C)it is unclear how durable the effects are.
D)a rebound effect occurs in which symptoms get substantially worse.
Q3) Buddhism's three poisons are ________, _______, and __________.
Q4) In addition to the goals of existential approaches contemplative perspectives:
A)center on ultimate concerns.
B)believe that there is a lack of authenticity in our lives.
C)focus on the need for courage in facing life's realities.
D)cultivate mental qualities and maturation to transpersonal stages.
Q5) A technique called "exploring the experiences of craving" is a contemplative practice aimed at ______________, one of the seven qualities.
Q6) ________ is the term for psychological residue left by past behavior.
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Q7) The most researched contemplative practices are __________ and ____________.
Chapter 13: Positive Psychotherapy
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45 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Positive psychotherapists believe happiness is one of those personality traits that can be _____________.
Q2) Fredrickson (2009) found that an individual must experience how many positive emotions for every single negative emotion to reach the threshold for flourishing?
A)1
B)3
C)5
D)10
Q3) Martin Seligman states that the treatment of psychological disorders has hit a _____% barrier, with placebo accounting for _____ to ____% of this response rate.
Q4) Research suggests that roughly ____ to ____% of happiness is accounted for by genetics.
Q5) Which of the following types of clients might NOT find positive psychotherapy effective?
A)Those expecting a linear progression in symptom reduction
B)Individuals with adjustment disorders with depressed mood
C)Clients presenting with borderline personality disorder
D)Clients who are children or adolescents
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Chapter 14: Integrative Psychotherapies
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45 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Through advocacy for integration and his development of multimodal therapy, ________________ is the most prominent and articulate advocate for eclecticism.
Q2) Integrative psychotherapy is based on:
A)eclecticism.
B)ideological superiority.
C)syncretism.
D)pharmacotherapy.
Q3) An individual with alcohol dependence gets a DUI and is forced to attend counseling, although they don't intend to stop drinking.The therapist will likely accomplish more by using an approach that is:
A)insight-oriented.
B)existential.
C)behavioral.
D)interpersonal.
Q4) Integrative psychotherapists underscore the importance of relapse prevention because the research suggests relapse is _________________________.
Q5) A patient's ________ is defined by what one does when confronted with new experiences or sources of stress.
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Chapter 15: Multicultural Theories of Psychotherapy
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Paulo Freire identified dominant models of education as instruments of: A)oppression.
B)cultural awareness. C)freedom.
D)independence.
Q2) The belief that one's worldview is inherently superior and desirable to others is labeled:
A)worldview.
B)ethnocentrism.
C)mainstream.
D)incapability.
Q3) In Pamela Hays' ADDRESSING framework, the "N" stands for: A)negotiating. B)natural selection.
C)national origin.
D)negligence.
Q4) A therapist displaying excessive curiosity about a client's ethnocultural background at the expense of their psychological needs is experiencing ____________________ syndrome.
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Chapter 16: Contemporary Challenges and Controversies
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Sample Questions
Q1) _______% of therapists feel that their training prepared them for a situation where they felt sexual attraction towards a client.
Q2) Which of the following demographic groups has the highest rate of disabilities?
A)Black females
B)Hispanic females
C)Native American males
D)Black males
Q3) Which of the following statements is true?
A)Patients with schizophrenia have a poorer prognosis and a lower level of functioning in poor countries.
B)U.S.born Mexican-Americans have a lower risk of drug abuse than those born in Mexico.
C)Black women in the U.S.are three times as likely to commit suicide as White and Hispanic women.
D)The effects of psychiatric drugs vary widely across different ethnic groups.
Q4) Approximately ________ of U.S.citizens who have disabilities, ______of females with work disabilities and ______ of those with severe disabilities live in poverty.
Q5) More than 50% of all psychiatrists practice ______ psychiatry.
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