Counseling Psychology Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Counseling Psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on facilitating personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan. The course explores theories, methods, and skills central to helping individuals address emotional, social, vocational, educational, and developmental concerns. Students will examine approaches to counseling diverse populations, ethical issues in practice, the therapeutic relationship, and various evidence-based intervention strategies. Emphasis is placed on developing self-awareness, effective communication, and the application of psychological principles to promote growth and well-being in clients.
Recommended Textbook
Abnormal Psychology 16th Edition by James N. Butcher
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Abnormal Psychology: an Overview
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Q1) 1-19.Stereotyping is an example of the stigma of mental illness.It means
A)people are reluctant to discuss their psychological problems because they are afraid others won't like them.
B)people feel very sad and upset when they find out they have a mental illness.
C)the automatic and often incorrect beliefs people have about people with mental illness.
D)the problem of removing the diagnosis,even if people make a full recovery from mental illness.
Answer: C
Q2) 1-26.Members of which culture are likely to make the distinction between mental illness (a term used to denote less severe conditions)and madness (a term used to describe more severe problems)?
A)Iranians
B)Jamaicans
C)Americans
D)Japanese
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Historical and Contemporary Views of Abnormal Behavior
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Q1) 1-105.Both ________ and ________ studied the effects of consequences on the occurrence of behaviors.
A)Skinner; Pavlov
B)Pavlov; Thorndike
C)Thorndike; Skinner
D)Pavlov; Freud
Answer: C
Q2) 1-79.The insanity associated with general paresis
A)has no known physical cause.
B)is caused by excessive alcohol consumption.
C)is seen only in the aging who have compromised health.
D)results from an infection of the brain.
Answer: D
Q3) Prayer,incantations,and noise-making were all techniques for
A)altering a person's brain functioning.
B)improving a person's dreams.
C)helping a person become possessed by good spirits.
D)exorcising demons.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Causal Factors and Viewpoints
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Q1) 1-52.Why is it particularly useful to study identical twins who were raised in different environments?
A)Differences in brain function can easily be identified.
B)Concordance rates tend to be higher.
C)It is possible that the genetics of twins who have been separated have changed in ways to explain any differences found.
D)It is possible that high concordance rates between identical twins reared together is due to their being treated more similarly than nonidentical twins.
Answer: D
Q2) 1-86.Learning not to do something because you are punished when you do it is an example of
A)classical conditioning.
B)generalization.
C)instrumental conditioning.
D)observational learning.
Answer: C
Q3) _____________ are the conditions that guarantee the occurrence of a disorder.
Answer: Sufficient causes
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5
Chapter 4: Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis
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Q1) 1-60.What does it mean if Carol scores high on the Schizophrenia scale of the MMPI?
A)Carol has schizophrenia.
B)Carol's responses on this scale were similar to those of the Minnesota normal population.
C)Carol is 30% more likely to develop schizophrenia than those who scored lower.
D)Carol's answers were comparable to those given by a group of people with schizophrenia.
Q2) 3-11.What is the difference between an unstructured and a structured diagnostic interview? Which is preferable?
Q3) 1-57.The MMPI is
A)a structured approach to personality assessment.
B)the most commonly used test of intelligence.
C)a rating scale used to determine how comparable one is to individuals with various psychiatric diagnoses.
D)a recently developed objective approach to personality assessment.
Q4) When a psychologist is informed of the issues involved in multicultural assessment,this is known as __________ .
Q5) What is a projective test?
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Chapter 5: Stress and Physical and Mental Health
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Q1) 1-45.The field of psychoneuroimmunology
A)focuses on the relationship between stress and mental illness.
B)explores the neurological basis of autoimmune conditions.
C)seeks to establish a link between psychological functioning and vulnerability to illness.
D)examines the effects of stressors on the immune system.
Q2) 1-43.What is considered the "front line" of immune system defense?
A)antigens
B)cortisol
C)leukocytes
D)hypothalamus
Q3) 1-80.Which of the following will lower a soldier's risk of developing PTSD?
A)no prior experience in combat
B)believing strongly in the goals of the combat
C)whether he or she is in combat in a familiar country or not
D)whether he or she talks about experiences
Q4) How is the severity of stress measured?
Q5) 3-10.What is stress-inoculation training?
Q6) The DSM-5 disorder that has symptoms of post-traumatic stress but lasts less than 4 weeks is __________ .
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Panic,anxiety,obsessions,and Their Disorders
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Q1) Which of the following is one of the five primary types of anxiety disorders recognized in the DSM-5?
A)hypochondriasis
B)agoraphobia
C)dissociative fugue
D)bipolar disorder
Q2) Neuroticism
A)is a tendency to experience negative mood states.
B)is simply another term for anxiety.
C)is a tendency to believe negative things about oneself.
D)is a tendency to feel anxious.
Q3) 1-90.Which of the following is necessary for a diagnosis of OCD?
A)The presence of compulsive behaviors
B)A persistent awareness of the irrational nature of the obsessions experienced
C)Evidence of psychosis
D)The symptomatic behavior causes distress
Q4) That humans have evolved to fear certain objects or situations because they pose real threats is called __________ learning.
Q5) How do cognitive factors affect the onset and maintenance of social phobia?
Explain and provide 3 specific examples to illustrate your understanding.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Mood Disorders and Suicide
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Q1) 1-67.A hypomanic episode is best described as a
A)mild manic episode.
B)short manic episode.
C)manic episode characterized by inactivity.
D)manic episode followed by symptoms of a mild depression.
Q2) 1-58.Jacob and Matt both flunk their math test.Jacob says to his friends that there is no point in his continuing in the course because,although Jacob feels highly about himself,he suspects that the teacher just doesn't like him.Matt says he is going to drop the course because he is just stupid in math.According to the reformulated learned helplessness theory,
A)Matt is more likely to become depressed than Jacob.
B)Matt is more likely to feel helpless than Jacob.
C)Jacob is more likely to become depressed than Matt.
D)Jacob is more likely to feel helpless than Matt.
Q3) 1-15.Depression
A)can occur even in infants and very young children.
B)is extremely rare in childhood.
C)cannot occur in childhood.
D)can occur in childhood in females but not in males.
Q4) Describe the hopelessness theory of depression.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders
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Q1) 1-66.Why has the term "multiple personality disorder" been replaced with "dissociative identity disorder"?
A)The old term was often used to refer to both schizophrenia and DID,thus a new term was needed to end this confusion.
B)The word "multiple" suggested the presence of more identities than were commonly observed.
C)Fully developed personalities are not present in DID,just varying expressions of different aspects of the patient's personality.
D)A new diagnostic term was wanted to remove some of the stigma associated with the old term and its presentation in the media.
Q2) 1-13.Response prevention has been used in the treatment of A)dissociative identity disorder.
B)factitious disorder.
C)malingering.
D)hypochondriasis.
Q3) Discuss two of the causal factors of hypochondriasis.
Q4) Pain disorder is easier to treat than somatization disorder because it is less ______.
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Chapter 9: Eating Disorders and Obesity
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Q1) 1-72.Which of the following statements about obesity and health is true?
A)The heavier the person,the greater the health risks.
B)Only when obesity has a behavioral cause is it dangerous.
C)Individuals who are obese,but active,are not at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.
D)Obesity is only a threat to health in cultures where the obesity is due to the consumption of fatty foods and relative inactivity.
Q2) Which of the following is a controversial aspect of the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa?
A)refusal to maintain normal body weight
B)distorted perception of body size and shape
C)amenorrhea
D)denial
Q3) Why is the term "anorexia nervosa" a misnomer?
Q4) The neurotransmitter called __________ is implicated in obesity.
Q5) What most clearly separates the anorexic from the bulimic?
Q6) Three types of purging or compensatory behaviors that people with bulimia may engage in are __________ ,laxative abuse,or excessive exercise.
Q7) The hormone __________ reduces our intake of food.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Personality Disorders
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Q1) How does temperament relate to personality disorders?
Q2) Why is histrionic personality disorder more prevalent in women?
Q3) 3-12.What are the two dimensions of psychopathy and the relationship to antisocial personality disorder?
Q4) 1-104.The best current research shows that children of parents with antisocial personality disorder who were adopted into other families
A)did not develop antisocial personality disorder.
B)developed antisocial personality disorder at higher rates regardless of the quality of their adoptive family.
C)developed antisocial personality disorder at higher rates only if their adoptive family had problems,such as marital conflict.
D)developed antisocial personality disorder at a later age than if they had been raised by their biological parents.
Q5) 1-49.The histrionic seeks ________,while the narcissist needs ________.
A)attention; admiration
B)acceptance; admiration
C)admiration; attention
D)acceptance; approval
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Chapter 11: Substance-Related Disorders
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Q1) 1-35.Studies of the genetics of alcoholism
A)have not provided support for the notion that a susceptibility to alcoholism can be inherited.
B)are not able to determine if the tendency of alcoholism to "run in families" is a result of environmental or biological factors.
C)suggest that an inherited altered sensitivity to alcohol might create a vulnerability to alcohol abuse.
D)have identified the gene that causes alcoholism.
Q2) 1-20.Which of the following best explains why women tend to not "hold their booze" as well as men?
A)Women tend to eat less.
B)Women metabolize alcohol less quickly than men.
C)Women usually drink more quickly than men.
D)Women tend to drink mixed drinks,while men prefer beer.
Q3) What is alcohol's effect on the brain at low doses? What is its effect at high doses?
Q4) Name and describe the two factors that are seen when a person has a physiological need for a psychoactive substance.
Q5) The __________ is the center of psychoactive drug activation in the brain.
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Chapter 12: Sexual Variants,abuse,and Dysfunctions
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Q1) 1-32.Which of the following disorders is associated with engaging in autoerotic asphyxia?
A)transvestic fetishism
B)scatologia
C)frotteurism
D)masochism
Q2) 1-67.Statutory rape
A)describes sexual activity that occurs under actual or threatened forcible coercion.
B)is sexual activity with a person who is under the age of 18.
C)is sexual activity with a person who is legally defined to be under the age of consent.
D)has only occurred when the rape victim has said "no."
Q3) 1-46.The only treatment that has been shown to be effective in treating gender dysphoria is
A)long-term psychodynamic therapy.
B)aversion therapy.
C)surgical sex reassignment.
D)medication to alter hormone production.
Q4) How are gender dysphoria and transvestic fetishism similar and different?
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
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Q1) What is catatonia? Is catatonia a positive or negative symptom? Explain your answer.
Q2) 1-28.Which of the following is likely a sign of disorganized schizophrenia?
A)Dillon believes he is God,but will respond to any direction he is given.
B)Peter appears to feel no emotion and tends to make odd facial expressions and movements.
C)Kyle constantly is asking for a doctor as he is convinced that his stomach is going to explode.
D)Trista fears for her life because the pictures on the wall have told her that she is not safe.
Q3) 1-53.When adoption studies of schizophrenia contain all the necessary controls and measurements,
A)the role of genes is found to be negligible.
B)index subjects are more likely to develop schizophrenia than the control subjects.
C)the environment is found to be a more important determinant of psychological health than family history.
D)no significant effects are seen.
Q4) Define positive and negative symptoms for schizophrenia.Give examples of each.
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Chapter 14: Neurocognitive Disorders
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Q1) How can a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease be definitively made?
Q2) 1-30.Which of the following disorders is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors or rigid movements?
A)AIDS
B)Alzheimer's disease
C)Huntington's disease
D)Parkinson's disease
Q3) 1-23.Suddenly,Lavinia is unable to remember what she was doing.She screams that bugs are crawling all over the walls.She begins to wildly swing her arms around.She can't fall asleep at night,but finally falls asleep at daylight.Lavinia most likely has
A)dementia.
B)focal brain damage.
C)depression.
D)delirium.
Q4) 1-70.Which of the following is not a cause of traumatic brain injury?
A)Car accidents
B)Assaults
C)Sports
D)Vitamin deficiency
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Chapter 15: Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence
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Q1) In studies looking at the effectiveness of treatment for ADHD,what was found?
A)While good results are achieved when medication is combined with therapy,behavioral methods have been quite successful short-term.
B)While good results are achieved when medication is combined with therapy,the therapy appears to be the more effective element of the treatment.
C)The use of medications interferes with the effectiveness of behavioral approaches.
D)Cognitive-behavioral therapy is more effective than behavioral modification.
Q2) As children with ADHD become adolescents and adults,
A)they outgrow their ADHD symptoms.
B)many continue to experience symptoms.
C)most get worse.
D)those with hyperactivity tend to get worse,the rest get better.
Q3) 1-75.Autism is similar to schizophrenia in its A)age of onset.
B)cause being due in part to genetic vulnerability.
C)symptoms of delusions.
D)responsiveness to treatment.
Q4) What is unique about the intellectual disability caused by PKU?
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Therapy
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Q1) Andrea begins therapy and expects that the therapy will help her.This expectancy
A)is necessary to produce positive change.
B)may be enough by itself to produce positive change.
C)is helpful in psychodynamic therapy,but irrelevant to cognitive and behavioral interventions.
D)is irrelevant to the change process.
Q2) Antidepressants are used to treat all of the following EXCEPT A)panic disorder.
B)bulimia.
C)borderline personality disorder.
D)schizophrenia.
Q3) Discuss three different ways that the success of therapy can be assessed.What factors complicate the determination of whether treatment is successful?
Q4) Which of the following is a type of "classical antidepressant"?
A)GABA agonists
B)monoamine oxidase inhibitors
C)neuroleptics
D)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Q5) What is a randomized clinical trial?
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Chapter 17: Contemporary and Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology
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Q1) Project Northland demonstrated that
A)a psychotherapist's involvement is the key ingredient in most drug prevention efforts.
B)the development of peer pressure resistance skills can decrease drug use by 44 percent.
C)there is no way of counteracting the positive representation of drugs in the media.
D)community-wide "no use" norms for teens can be taught.
Q2) Discuss three principles that are commonly used to define insanity.How is insanity most commonly defined today?
Q3) Why is it important to prevent teen alcohol use?
A)Teens are more susceptible to alcoholism than adults.
B)Most teens who drink go on to do "harder drugs."
C)Teens are more prone to violence while drinking than adults.
D)Early alcohol use is associated with later alcohol abuse and dependence.
Q4) Tarasoff-style laws
A)are in every state.
B)are in a minority of states.
C)are in a majority of states but vary quite a bit.
D)are no longer law in most states.
Page 19
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