Counseling and Sexuality Final Exam
Course Introduction
This course explores the complex intersection of counseling and human sexuality, providing students with foundational knowledge and practical skills necessary to address sexual issues within clinical settings. It covers key topics such as sexual development across the lifespan, sexual orientation and identity, cultural influences on sexuality, sexual dysfunctions, and ethical considerations for counselors. Through lectures, case studies, and interactive discussions, students learn evidence-based approaches to creating safe, affirming, and effective therapeutic environments for clients from diverse backgrounds. This course prepares counseling professionals to confidently and competently discuss sexual concerns and promote healthy sexual functioning as part of holistic client care.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding Human Sexuality 5th Edition by Janet Hyde
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Sexuality in Perspective
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which ONE of the following is NOT a definition of sex according to the text?
A)behaviour that increases the likelihood of gametic union
B)being male or female
C)behaviour that leads to orgasm
D)behaviour that produces arousal
Answer: B
Q2) Fortunately,in today's world,most of the information that we have about sexuality comes from science and is relatively unaffected by religious thought.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Same-gender sexuality is found universally in all cultures and occurs more often in males than females.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Theoretical Perspectives on Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) At around two years old,parents typically potty train their children.In Freud's view,this behaviour is an example of what stage of development?
A)oral stage
B)phallic stage
C)genital stage
D)anal stage
Answer: D
Q2) Which theoretical formulation has been criticized for an over-emphasis on reproduction?
A)sociology
B)sociobiology
C)social learning theory
D)script theory
Answer: B
Q3) Evolutionary Psychology has been proven correct in that males and females commonly look for short-term sexual relationships based on sexual availability.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Sex Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Question wording is an extraneous factor that can and should be controlled.Standard language is best.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following interfered with the Canada Youth,Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS researchers plans for having a representative sample?
A)the researchers forgot to sample from Manitoba
B)some parents protested the survey
C)some schools refused to participate
D)only girls participated in the research
Answer: C
Q3) What kind of research method was used in the studies on Inis Beag and Mangaia?
A)participant observation
B)non-participant observation
C)survey
D)historical analysis
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Sexual Anatomy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The current recommendation by the Canadian Cancer society regarding breast cancer is that women over 50
A)have their first baseline mammogram.
B)have at least one mammogram.
C)have a mammogram every two years.
D)have a mammogram only if they are cigarette smokers.
Q2) The primary function of the prostate gland is to:
A)store sperm
B)supply fluid to increase acidity in the urethra
C)supply much of the milky alkaline fluid in the ejaculate
D)supply male sex hormones
Q3) The _____ is very narrow,is lined with hair-like projections called cilia and is the pathway where the sperm and egg usually meet.
A)vagina
B)uterus
C)corpus spongiosum
D)fallopian tube
Q4) What are the three types of female genital cutting (FGC)? Discuss what each is briefly.
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Chapter 5: Sex Hormones, Sexual Differentiation, and Menstruation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following may be a consequence of "undescended testes"?
A)decreased likelihood of testicular cancer
B)increased production of sperm
C)sterility
D)increased testosterone production
Q2) A woman gives birth to a baby that the doctors tell her is a little girl.When the woman looks at her baby,the little girl looks like a baby boy.The doctors explain that the baby's penis is actually an enlarged clitoris.The doctors also explain that the baby doesn't have a small scrotum but that the labia are fused together.Which of the following is the likely cause of these external genital appearances?
A)oversensitive androgen syndrome
B)androgen insensitivity syndrome
C)congenital adrenal hyperplasia
D)an extra X chromosome
Q3) A gene that regulates sexual differentiation of the gonads is
A)SRY
B)FSH
C)secreted by the pituitary gland
D)GnRH
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Conception, Pregnancy, and Childbirth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one is FALSE regarding amniocentesis?
A)Women over 40 should have amniocentesis.
B)The procedure involves inserting a needle into the amniotic fluid.
C)Women who already have a child with a genetic defect should have amniocentesis.
D)It is a good alternative to traditional pregnancy tests.
Q2) Delivery rooms in hospitals are much more user-friendly than they were in the past,due in part to the Lamaze movement of natural childbirth.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Braxton-Hicks contractions are thought to help strengthen the uterine muscles,preparing them for labour.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The umbilical cord,which is attached to the mother's navel,contains the main blood vessels,which carry necessary nutrients to the fetus.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why is the postpartum period important? Discuss at least one problem in depth.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Contraception and Abortion
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what part of Canada are there no abortion services available?
A)Nunuvut
B)Newfoundland
C)Prince Edward Island
D)Alberta
Q2) Of the contraception options still under development,which two are barrier methods?
A)GnRH and GyneFix
B)IVD and non-surgical sterilization
C)GyneFix and Nestorone Metered Dose Transdermal System
D)BufferGel and PRO 2000
Q3) The truly big advantage Depo-Provera injections have as a contraceptive is
A)that there are no side effects.
B)that it does not require memory to use it properly.
C)the shortened period of infertility following cessation.
D)its unique balance between the hormones of estrogen and progestin.
Q4) Emergency contraception (morning after pill)must be taken within 24 hrs of unprotected intercourse.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Sexually Transmitted Infections
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Sample Questions
Q1) Women who are most at risk of infection with HIV are those who
A)have heterosexual contact with an infected man.
B)come from countries with high rates of homosexual transmission of HIV.
C)received a blood transfusion.
D)have homosexual contact with other women.
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE regarding AIDS in Aboriginal communities in Canada?
A)Reported AIDS cases have not changed in aboriginal communities since 1989.
B)Low rates of infection occur in aboriginal communities because they are very close-knit.
C)Large increases in infections in aboriginal communities makes AIDS a severe problem for these people.
D)Almost all cases of HIV in aboriginal communities are caused by poor screening of HIV prior to blood transfusions.
Q3) Briefly describe the diagnosis and treatment of HIV/AIDS.
Q4) Discuss the psychological adjustment that is needed when one contracts genital herpes.
Q5) How does a person contract HIV/AIDS? Give at least 3 examples.
Q6) Summarize the recent research on the prevention,treatment and cure of HIV/AIDS.
Q7) Discuss the differences in gonorrhea in men and women.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Sexual Response
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Sample Questions
Q1) Multiple orgasm for women is most likely to occur as a consequence of A)hand-genital or mouth-genital stimulation.
B)a relatively long time period of penile intromission.
C)man on top of woman position.
D)no foreplay and five minutes of thrusting.
Q2) What are some significant differences in masturbation techniques between women and men?
Q3) Viagra acts on which of the following neurotransmitters?
A)epinephrine
B)norepinephrine
C)nitric oxide
D)dopamine
Q4) Several researchers,Perry and Whipple among them,have suggested that a variant of the kind of orgasm described by Masters and Johnson exists.They have termed this orgasm a 'uterine orgasm' and state that it results from stimulation of the A)G-spot
B)clitoris
C)vaginal barrel
D)cervix
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Chapter 10: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Childhood and Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Physical intimacy increases between preadolescents on dates (from hand holding to kissing to petting to intercourse)at the same time as the couple
A)moves from attending mostly girl parties to attending mostly boy parties.
B)moves from going to see cartoons to going to see action movies.
C)moves from mixed-gender activities to dyadic dating.
D)receives more encouragement from parents.
Q2) Some mixed-sex play typically begins by the age of
A)6 months
B)1 year
C)2 years
D)4 years
Q3) Cameron believes that sex is a pleasurable activity that both men and women can and should freely engage in.What kind of attitude does Cameron hold regarding premarital sex?
A)permissiveness with affection
B)permissiveness without affection
C)double standard
D)abstinence
Q4) Outline the importance of gender segregation in pre-adolescents.
Page 12
Q5) Briefly discuss two barriers teens have to using condoms.Suggest two remedies.
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Chapter 11: Sexuality and the Life Cycle: Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Individuals who cohabit are more likely to have higher frequencies of intercourse than those who are married or are in the single never-married non-cohabitating categories.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The main reason most widowed women do not have an active sex life is because of the aging process which has decreased their sexual desire.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Developing a capacity for intimacy is one important issue in achieving sexual maturity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is an indication of sexual maturity in adulthood?
A)a strong sexual identity
B)stabilized sexual desire
C)identifying sexual likes and dislikes
D)committing yourself to one other person
Q5) Discuss the sex life of the never-married in the context of the singles' scene.
Page 13
Q6) Why does our society have such negative attitudes toward sex among the elderly?
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Chapter 12: Attraction, Love, and Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) A number of studies have demonstrated that subjects express greater liking for more attractive individuals.This phenomenon
A)has been found in subjects as young as 3 years of age.
B)typically does not develop until grade school.
C)disappears in adulthood.
D)is limited to laboratory studies.
Q2) Making assumptions about what your partner thinks or feels is called
A)levelling
B)editing
C)mind-reading
D)documenting
Q3) Jealousy is a raw emotional reaction.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Worldwide,heterosexual women place more importance on the resources of the man than on the man's cues of reproductive capacity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Relate our attachment style to the problem of jealousy in a relationship.
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Chapter 13: Gender and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are NOT considered to be transgendered individuals:
A)cross dressers
B)two-spirit persons
C)homosexuals
D)intersexed individuals
Q2) Female students who were told their truthfulness was being analyzed by a polygraph (a bogus-pipeline)reported _______ sex partners than their male counterparts.
A)many more
B)slightly more
C)many less
D)a less accurate number of
Q3) The terms male-to-female and female-to-male are used for which of the following reasons?
A)shorten form of specifying who is giving to whom
B)indicate which gender is initiating sexual behaviour
C)identify the change in the gender of sexual interest
D)identify the direction of transition
Q4) What are the types of transsexuals? Describe each briefly.
Q5) Discuss the transsexual process and operation for the male-to-female.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Sexual Orientation and Identity: Gay, Lesbian,
Straight, or Asexual
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first gay liberation group in Canada was formed in _______ in the year
A)Toronto;1972
B)Montreal;1975
C)Vancouver;1970
D)Ottawa;1969
Q2) Darla and Janice are two moms raising a son,Timmy.Which of the following most likely characterizes Timmy?
A)He will probably grow up to be gay
B)He will not be popular with his peers
C)As long as Timmy has at least one supportive and accepting caregiver he will have a healthy development
D)His social skills will lag behind his peers who are raised in heterosexual families
Q3) ,the person who can say that he or she is a homosexual is at the identity development stage of
A)comparison
B)tolerance
C)pride
D)acceptance
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Chapter 15: Variations in Sexual Behaviour
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following paraphilias is against the law?
A)Sadism
B)Coprophilia
C)Hypersexuality
D)Pedophilia
Q2) Which of the following people is most likely to be an exhibitionist?
A)Mandy,a 19-year-old single sexual aggressive female university student
B)Norman,a 65-year-old married male tour guide who has never had any sexual complaints from his partner
C)Timothy,a single 24-year-old male computer engineer who feels very sexual
D)Chis,a married 18 year-old-male who manages a Burger King and gets little pleasure from sex
Q3) Which of the following is a TRUE statement about exhibitionists?
A)In adulthood,they have satisfying and fulfilling sex lives.
B)They are for the most part,quite assertive adults in their day-to-day relationships with others.
C)One of their main goals is to shock their victim as much as possible.
D)One of their main goals is to have sexual intercourse with their victim.
Q4) Explain how the AA-Type 12-Step program is used and works for sexual addiction treatment.
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Chapter 16: Sexual Coercion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following has research found is different between pedophiles and non-pedophile offender and/or controls?
A)Pedophiles have lower Iqs.
B)Pedophiles are more likely to have be poor.
C)Pedophiles are almost all exclusively attracted to their same sex.
D)Pedophiles are more likely to be hockey players.
Q2) Sexual harassment
A)is relatively rare in college and universities.
B)appears to have been experienced by a large proportion of college women at least once.
C)usually occurs outside of a classroom setting.
D)has increased 40% since 1979.
Q3) In what year was the National Sex Offender Registry implemented?
A)1989
B)1994
C)1999
D)2004
Q4) Discuss the four theories Hyde,DeLamater,and Byers suggest that explain why sexual assault occurs.Which one do you think explains the most and why?
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Chapter 17: Sex for Sale
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Sample Questions
Q1) One reason some prostitutes give for becoming a sex worker is
A)liking violent sex with a number of partners.
B)liking their 'johns,' who become like family.
C)the desire for money,material goods,and an exciting lifestyle.
D)to have a baby without getting marrieD.
Q2) A gigolo is most similar to which type of female sex worker?
A)streetwalker
B)brothel prostitute
C)masseuse
D)escort
Q3) Men who use sex worker services are almost all addicted to sex.
A)True
B)False
Q4) "Squaring up" refers to
A)collecting money from a john.
B)giving up being a sex worker.
C)deciding whether or not a client is a policeman.
D)entering into being a sex worker.
Q5) What do researchers know about the consequences of pornography as they relate to sexual arousal and violence?
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Chapter 18: Sexual Disorders and Sex Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) When negative thoughts interfere with a person having an enjoyable sexual experience,this is A)cognitive interference. B)spectatoring.
C)being immersed in the act. D)sensate focusing.
Q2) Lately John has difficulty in 'achieving' an erection.He had no difficulty a year ago.John probably has what is known as A)fear of vaginismus.
B)a lifelong erectile disorder.
C)an acquired erectile disorder. D)rapid aging of the penis.
Q3) It is quite possible that we all participate in spectatoring to some degree.As a result,this process causes a serious sexual disorder in all of us-voyeurism.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are sensate focus exercises? How do they demonstrate the effectiveness of behaviour therapy?
Q5) Distinguish among generalized and situational orgasmic disorder.
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Chapter 19: Sexuality Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) A study comparing Massachusetts high schools where condoms were and were not available showed students in schools where condoms are available have
A)increased frequency and cumulative incidence of sexual intercourse.
B)increased frequency of sexual activities.
C)increased cumulative incidence of intercourse.
D)decreased frequency and cumulative incidence of sexual intercourse.
Q2) If a school is using a sexuality curriculum that includes discussion of the social pressures to engage in sex,and ways to resist these pressures based on inoculation theory,they are using what is called
A)the "first generation" of sexuality education programs.
B)theoretically-based programs.
C)information about HIV infection and AIDS risk prevention.
D)the conveyance of sexual knowledge in a value-neutral atmosphere.
Q3) According to Hyde,DeLamater,and Byers,which of the following is a necessary qualification for sex education teachers?
A)A personal history of extensive sexual experience
B)Ability to assess children's level of knowledge
C)Certification in academic sexology
D)Certification from the Canadian Board of Sexologists
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Ethics, Religion, and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Canadian attitudes toward abortion have _______ since 1975.
A)become more accepting generally
B)become less accepting generally
C)remained essentially unchanged
D)become more accepting only in situations where the mother is not unmarried
Q2) The varied religious faiths in North America today have debated quite vigorously about homosexuality and its place in their faith.Let's say that your religious faith indicates that homosexual acts are to be condemned and so are homosexual persons unless they repent and become heterosexual.The position that you and religious faith most likely holds about homosexuality is
A)rejectionism
B)modified rejection
C)qualified acceptance
D)full acceptance
Q3) What significance did the "Penitentials" have in the Christian religion? They were
A)holy pilgrims bound for Jerusalem.
B)hymns for Easter service in the 12<sup>th</sup> century.
C)a history of the holy mother church.
D)a guidebook for priests to decide the appropriate punishment for each sin.
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