Corrections and Criminal Justice Question Bank
Course Introduction
This course explores the field of corrections within the broader context of the criminal justice system. Students will examine the history, philosophy, and evolution of correctional practices, including incarceration, probation, parole, and community-based alternatives. Topics include the management and treatment of offenders, the role of correctional institutions, rehabilitative efforts, and the challenges facing modern correctional systems such as overcrowding, recidivism, and the balance between punishment and rehabilitation. Case studies and current issues will be discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of how corrections fits into the criminal justice process.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology of Criminal Behaviour A Canadian Perspective 2nd Edition by Shelley Brown
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14 Chapters
529 Verified Questions
529 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/311
Page 2
Chapter 1: Crime in Canada Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5127
Sample Questions
Q1) The Crime Severity Index tracks changes in reported crimes in Canada.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Variations that occur within an individual across time and situations are called intra-individual differences.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Describe recent crime trends in Canada.
Answer: Despite media reports and political calls to get tough on crime,police-reported crime shows a general decline since 1998.Violent crime has gradually decreased by 20.4%.A reduction in youth-related crime is also seen.Overall,youth still account for more criminal charges than adults,though some criminal charges are more common to adults,such as administration of justice violations.Among youth,males and females account for comparable percentages of different court dispositions.For adult offences,9.6% of all crimes are violent if only the most serious offences are considered (such as assault),whereas the violent crime rate rises to 26% of all offences if all types of violent offences are considered (such as uttering threats).
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Chapter 2: Biological and Evolutionary Explanations
Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5128
Sample Questions
Q1) Having hypoglycemia decreases the likelihood that someone will engage in antisocial behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Selection pressures are adaptive problems that those in our ancestral environment had to solve to survive,such as finding a mate,hunting and gathering,and protecting their children.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Increases in heart rate and electrodermal activity signal fear,anger,and anxiety responses.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Biology can predispose an individual to future antisocial behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Learning and Environment Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5129
Sample Questions
Q1) In terms of punishment,the stronger the consequence,the more effective it will be.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Psychoanalysts have proposed three main sources of criminal behavior all relating to inadequate:
A)id development
B)oral development
C)superego development
D)conflict development
Answer: C
Q3) Glueck and Glueck's (1950) cross-sectional research attributed the differences between delinquents and non-delinquents to:
A)peer-power,the primary source for superego development
B)parenting factors,the primary source for id development
C)peer-power,the primary source for id development
D)parenting factors,the primary source for superego development
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Canadian Corrections in Practice Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5130
Sample Questions
Q1) Dynamic risk assessments are valuable because they:
A)take information provided by parole officers into account
B)account for the fact that risk for crime can change over time
C)are the only type of risk assessment that examines multiple risk factors
D)only have to be conducted once
Q2) Effective correctional practice must be informed by:
A)talking with offenders
B)theory and evidence
C)principles of classical conditioning
D)principles of operant conditioning
Q3) A major tenet of restorative justice is that:
A)crime is a wound,justice should be healing
B)crime is a wrong,justice should be full punishment
C)crime is inevitable,justice should be as strong as possible
D)crime is rare,justice should be gentle
Q4) Providing programming to lower risk offenders may help decrease their likelihood of reoffending.
A)True
B)False
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Q5) Describe the four generations of risk assessments as proposed by Bonta (1996).
Chapter 5: Adolescent Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5131
Sample Questions
Q1) Following the YCJA,in 2011 to 2012,approximately what percentage of guilty offenders received custodial sentences,in contrast to 29% in the early 2000s?
A)45%
B)28%
C)15%
D)72%
Q2) Research has found that antisocial adolescents have more frontal lobe inhibition than adolescents who do not engage in antisocial behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Proactive aggression is aggression in response to a perceived threat or frustration. A)True
B)False
Q4) Intelligence,commitment to school,and academic achievement are all considered protective factors for adolescents at risk for antisocial behaviour.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Economically Motivated Offenders Psychology
of Criminal Behaviour
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5132
Sample Questions
Q1) A genuine document used to confirm one's identify which can be stolen and used to apply illegally for other IDs or cards is called a breeder document.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Recent research indicates that some types of white collar fraud are actually committed by persons of middle-class status.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How is theft defined in the Canadian Criminal Code?
Q4) According to Holtfreter (2005) the typical white-collar offender is:
A)black,male,approximately 30 years old, with less educational attainment than other offenders
B)white,male,approximately 55 years old,with lower educational attainment compared to other types of offenders
C)white,male,approximately 40 years old,with greater educational attainment compared to other types of offenders
D)white,male,approximately 25 years old,with greater educational attainment compared to other types of offenders
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Chapter 7: Substance Abusing Offenders Psychology of
Criminal Behaviour
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5133
Sample Questions
Q1) Substance abusing offenders are increasingly being managed in the criminal justice system by being:
A)sentenced to longer jail terms to deter their substance abuse
B)diverted out of the regular court system and into specialized drug courts
C)ordered by the court to attend institutional drug rehabilitation programs
D)instructed to deal with their addiction issues privately
Q2) There are very few validated substance abuse assessment tools readily available to therapists.
A)True
B)False
Q3) All of the following are reasons cited in textbook why substance abuse is a problem in Canadian corrections except:
a.there are high rates of substance abuse prior to homicides
b.there are high rates of substance abuse problems in incarceration offenders
c.there are high rates of substance abuse in correctional officers
d.the rate of police reported drug offences is on the rise
Q4) Describe the four circumstances where drug treatment courts could serve as an alternative to a traditional court.
Q5) Describe the Disease Model of addiction to substances.
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Chapter 8: Violent Offending Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5134
Sample Questions
Q1) Outline the four types of homicide identified in the Canadian Criminal Code.
Q2) Violent crime overall has increased in Canada over the last few decades.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Compared to general criminal recidivism,violent recidivism is:
A)less frequent,except in a few identifiable subgroups
B)more frequent,except in a few identifiable subgroups
C)about the same
D)far more frequent,especially in a few identifiable subgroups
Q4) Explain the four key approaches to assessing risk of recidivism for violent offenders.
Q5) The "unstructured clinical judgment" approach to risk assessment involves:
A)using empirical or mechanical instruments following explicit rules about what factors to consider and how to combine those factors
B)arriving at an estimate of risk based on the assessor's own idiosyncratic decisions about what factors to consider and how to combine those factors
C)using tables linking scores to expected recidivism rates
D)using a selection of factors derived from empirical literature on recidivism
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Q6) Describe the offence characteristics of violence in Canada.
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Chapter 9: Intimate Partner Violence Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5135
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a gender bias that exists about intimate partner violence (IPV)?
A)In severe injury court cases,women are more likely to be found guilty of IPV-related charges than men
B)Male police officers are more likely to be sent on calls to reported incidents of IPV than female police officers
C)Male IPV victims are less likely to be offered victim services than female IPV victims
D)Psychologists rate identical IPV scenarios as more abusive and severe if told the abuse was carried out by a male compared to a female
Q2) In 2013,one of the main research findings from the World Health Organization (WHO) in their review of 79 countries was that:
A)East Asia has the highest rate of violence in intimate relationships
B)intimate partner violence has become less of a societal concern over time
C)the global lifetime prevalence of violence in intimate relationships is 30%
D)males are more likely to be killed by their intimate partners than females
Q3) Discuss the patriarchal and social learning theories of intimate violence.
Q4) What factors does the textbook say keep women in abusive relationships?
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Chapter 10: Mentally Disordered Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5136
Sample Questions
Q1) The initial theory that deinstitutionalization led to the criminalization of the mentally ill is now in question.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Describe some of the key messages that resulted from the 2014 conference about the nexus between policing and mental illness sponsored by the Mental Health Commission of Canada.
Q3) The top two mental disorders found among incarcerated offenders are:
A)Organic and psychotic disorders
B)Antisocial personality and substance use disorders
C)Substance use and anxiety disorders
D)Antisocial personality and depressive disorders
Q4) Explain the DSM and its usage.
Q5) Discuss the concept of mens rea.
Q6) If there is no____________ (mens rea) there is no crime.
A)evidence
B)criminal intent
C)court trial
D)threat to society
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Chapter 11: Psychopathic Offenders Psychology of Criminal
Behaviour
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5137
Sample Questions
Q1) Until recently,psychopathy was assumed to be largely untreatable.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Discuss major concerns that have been raised with respect to the assessment of psychopathic traits in youth and the research studies that have addressed these issues.
Q3) All of the following are recommendations that have been made about ways to increase the success of treatment for psychopaths except:
A)using cognitive-behavioural treatments
B)permitting poorly motivated offenders to drop out of treatment
C)giving offenders pharmacological agents that increase amygdala activity
D)targeting deficits in response modulation
Q4) Discuss the genetic and neurological basis of psychopathy.
Q5) What is the association between psychopathy and recidivism?
Q6) How has the concept of psychopathy evolved over time?
Q7) There are specific measures used to assess psychopathy in youth that are distinct from the ones used with adults.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Sexual Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5138
Sample Questions
Q1) Sexual offenders with the highest levels of emotional congruence with children are most likely to offend against children to whom they are not related.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Teens are more likely to commit sexual offences than adults.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How are sexually deviant interests measured?
Q4) The age group that is at the highest risk for sexual victimization is:
A)children
B)teenagers
C)young adults
D)older adults
Q5) Research indicates that sexual offender treatment is most effective in reducing recidivism if:
A)it conforms to risk-needs-responsivity principles
B)it includes pharmacological treatment
C)it is delivered one-on-one compared to in a group setting
D)the researchers compare those who complete treatment to those who drop out
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Chapter 13: Female Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5139
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true about protective factors against crime for female offenders?
A)Mental health issues are protective factors for females but risk factors for males
B)Females and males do not differ in terms of the prevalence of protective factors
C)Protective factors against crime have been studied more for female than for male offenders
D)Having more than one child is a protective factor for females as well as males
Q2) Describe what gender-neutral and gender-informed risk assessment tools are,providing an example of each,and explain the limitations of each type of tool.
Q3) Girls and women commit substantially less criminal behaviour than boys and men. A)True B)False
Q4) Women's violence is more likely to be directed at intimate partners than with males. A)True B)False
Q5) Describe the limitations of the first theories of female offending.
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Chapter 14: Aboriginal Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5140
Sample Questions
Q1) Bill C-41 has emphasized the consideration of alternative sentencing options.However,one development that may work in opposition to the reforms that followed Bill C-41 is:
A)overrepresentation of Aboriginal people in prison
B)the Safe Streets and Communities Act,which limits judges' discretion in sentences
C)the creation of the Gladue Courts,which must take the culture of the offender into account
D)the legalization of marijuana
Q2) Explain how colonialism may have lead to Aboriginal overrepresentation in the criminal justice system.
Q3) The Corrections and Conditional Release Act (1992) contains policies that ensure Aboriginal offenders are able to receive treatment that is culturally appropriate.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the success rates of Aboriginal-specific treatment programs.
Q5) Discuss the magnitude of the problem of Aboriginal overrepresentation in the criminal justice system.
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Q6) Discuss the possible role of fetal alcohol syndrome in Aboriginal offending.
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