Contemporary Social Issues
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
This course offers an in-depth exploration of current social issues shaping local and global communities. Students will critically examine topics such as inequality, discrimination, globalization, environmental challenges, technological change, healthcare access, and cultural conflicts. Emphasis is placed on understanding root causes, impacts on diverse populations, and potential solutions from multiple perspectives. Through readings, discussions, and case studies, students will develop analytical skills to assess complex social problems and reflect on their roles as informed citizens and future leaders.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Social Problems 10th Edition by Thomas J. Sullivan
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15 Chapters
600 Verified Questions
600 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Approaches to the Study of Social Problems
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ are people's ideas about what is good or bad,right or wrong.
A)Norms
B)Rules
C)Hypotheses
D)Values
Answer: D
Q2) How do norms contribute to a society?
Answer: Norms are rules of conduct that guide people's behavior.They serve as a script for how to behave,and they enable one,to an extent,to predict how others will behave and to coordinate one's behavior with theirs.Thus,values and norms lend stability and orderliness to society.
Q3) What is the advantage of the sociological perspective?
A)It helps to understand the changes in various cultures due to diversification.
B)It frees people from blind submission to social forces that they do not understand.
C)It helps to understand the changes that led to the formation of interest groups.
D)It makes people aware of the fallacies in social research studies.
Answer: B
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3
Chapter 2: Concentration of Power: Economic and Political Institutions
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following ideas is expressed in the power elite model?
A)The middle level in the political structure of the U.S.consists of the great mass of citizens who have the power to elect the elite members.
B)The elite do not have the power to determine which candidates political parties will place before the electorate.
C)The members of the power elite group maintain a consensus about their interests through their elaborate social networks.
D)There are veto groups in society with the ability to block decisions that might adversely affect their positions.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following models or theories has been developed to assess how decision making actually is in the United States?
A)the Zelinsky model
B)the post-development theory
C)the power elite model
D)the institutional theory
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Family-Related Problems
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What kind of men are more likely to approve of using violence against a spouse?
Answer: Traditional norms in many subcultures support male domination in marriage.In fact,men with traditional,or nonegalitarian,views toward sex-role relationships are more likely to approve of using violence against a spouse and are more likely to have actually used severe violence against their own spouses.
Q2) Which of the following is true of dual-earner families?
A)The men in dual-earner families are more likely to be dissatisfied with their marriages.
B)Dual-earner couples are more likely to remain childless.
C)Dual-earner couples are less likely to have any form of stress in spousal relationships.
D)Dual-earner couples have a greater risk of divorce.
Answer: B
Q3) The refined divorce rate can be used to ________.
A)find the most common reason for divorce
B)compare the stability of marriages from one year to the next
C)determine the minimum number of years a couple would stay together
D)find the number of divorce cases filed every year
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Health and Illness
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the problems resulting from the free market and profit-making nature of the U.S.health-care system?
Q2) Which of the following is one of the achievements of the Medicare and Medicaid programs?
A)They have made health-care services very cheap and provide low cost,high quality health-care services to all eligible people.
B)They have eliminated the possibility and occurrence of fraud by physicians and medical laboratories.
C)They have made health care available to all citizens regardless of their financial circumstances.
D)They have been able to pay higher salaries to physicians for their services.
Q3) How do the traditional sex-roles contribute to higher mortality among men?
Q4) When is a self-fulfilling prophecy most likely to occur?
Q5) ________ is the treatment of people's illnesses after they become ill.
A)Preventive medicine
B)Epidemiology
C)Curative medicine
D)Dystrophy
Q6) What are some of the negative effects of industrialization on human health?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Education, Science, and Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Saul,a genetic engineer,takes a portion of DNA from a bacterial family and combines it with the DNA of a virus to observe the characteristic of the bacteria in the virus.Which of the following genetic engineering processes is seen in the given scenario?
A)gene splicing
B)mechanization
C)cybernation
D)gene culturing
Q2) Which of the following is true of charter schools?
A)They are schools that operate autonomously with a charter directly from the local school district.
B)They have been established with the aim of reinforcing the traditional core curriculum and strong discipline.
C)They divide students into academic and vocational tracks at an early age,and by high school,as many as half the students may be in vocational apprenticeship programs.
D)They receive state funding but are free from many school district and state rules and have more freedom than mainstream schools in budgeting,hiring,and curriculum decisions.
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Chapter 6: Poverty
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain why social mobility in the United States is mostly short range.
Q2) Describe Herbert J.Gans's suggestions on how poverty can be functional.
Q3) A person who feels that poverty programs are ineffective is most likely to agree with the fact that ________.
A)poverty programs are designed by people who are not poor
B)poverty programs target the undeserving poor as well as the deserving poor
C)a majority of the poor are unambitious and irresponsible
D)policy makers and the poor have interests that are very similar
Q4) Give a possible devastating consequence of temporary unemployment.
Q5) Which of the following trends has caused an increase in the percentage of homeless families in the United States?
A)an increase in the number of industrial jobs that pay a living wage
B)the flight of jobs from the cities where poor people live
C)an increase in the number of children being born to unmarried mothers
D)the need for specialization in the job market
Q6) According to the functionalist perspective,inflation may be reduced by ________.
A)an increase in employment opportunities
B)increasing the demand for goods
C)increasing the cash flow within the country
D)an increase in unemployment
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Chapter 7: Race and Ethnic Relations
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A pattern of intergroup relations that exists when a number of racial and ethnic groups live side by side,each retaining a distinct identity and lifestyle while still participating in some aspects of the larger culture is known as ________.
A)assimilation
B)pluralism
C)ethnocentrism
D)recidivism
Q2) Why do most sociologists believe that social factors play a more important role in the perpetuation of prejudice and discrimination than psychological sources?
Q3) Which of the following situations led to the implementation of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
A)the ability of Chinese laborers to demand and work for higher wages than other laborers
B)the increasing supremacy of Chinese immigrants in the United States
C)the increasing fear that Chinese would deprive whites of jobs in mining and railroading
D)the strained relationship between the Chinese and American governments due to trade issues
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9
Chapter 8: Gender,Sexual Orientation, and Social Inequality
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the major arguments against employing women in military combat positions,especially in ground infantry units in the United States?
Q2) Studies of the pictorial content of texts for college-level psychology and sociology courses have shown that ________.
A)women are portrayed in a passive manner
B)women are shown more often than men
C)men are portrayed as victims of mental disorders
D)women are shown to be therapists
Q3) The strict policy of viewing homosexuality as incompatible with the mission of the armed services was because of the notion that ________.
A)homosexuals would influence others to adopt the same attitude
B)gays would constitute a security risk and would be a disruptive element in military units
C)homosexuals lack the mental and physical skills required to serve in military units
D)gays can be verbally and physically abusive toward fellow members of the armed services
Q4) Why is sex considered a master status?
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Chapter 9: Age and Social Inequality
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the reasons for poor conditions in nursing homes.
Q2) The _____ is often calculated by comparing the number of people over age 65 with the number between ages 18 and 64.
A)fecundity ratio
B)golden ratio
C)dependency ratio
D)financial ratio
Q3) Which of the following situations shows a crime that is least likely to be reported?
A)Karen,a 16-year-old,is sexually assaulted by her uncle.
B)Lori,an 18-year-old,is sexually assaulted by a complete stranger.
C)Michelle,a 22-year-old,is sexually assaulted by a co-worker.
D)Audrey,a 20-year-old,is sexually assaulted by a professor in her college.
Q4) Explain the concerns that the elderly have regarding the environment of nursing homes.
Q5) What is the role of biology in the life course of humans?
Q6) Explain Neugarten's views on social policy and the ways in which his views could translate into social policy.
Q7) What are the views of the opponents of age-based policies for receiving benefits?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Crime and Delinquency
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of the labeling theory?
A)It focuses on the inconsistencies and contradictions in the social systems.
B)It is based on the conflict perspective of crime and delinquency.
C)It attempts to explain primary deviance.
D)It concentrates on secondary or career deviance.
Q2) Effective rehabilitation programs focus on ________.
A)undermining the personal responsibility of offenders
B)providing structured activities that do not reinforce criminal responses
C)increasing the length of prison sentences
D)imposing military discipline into people's lives
Q3) What are the possible explanations for the higher involvement in crime by teens and young adults?
Q4) Prostitution is an example of a ________.
A)Part II offense
B)victimless crime
C)white-collar crime
D)property crime
Q5) What are the arguments in favor of legalizing victimless crimes?
Q6) What measures are needed to fight globalized crime and cybercrime?
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Q7) Define anomie.How does the anomie theory approach crime and delinquency?
Chapter 11: Alcohol and Other Drugs
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The government of a country plans to focus on primary prevention programs against illegal drug use.Which of the following measures should it adopt to establish a successful primary prevention program?
A)using drugs such as Antabuse to produce undesirable effects on consuming drugs
B)preventing drug imports by manufacturing synthetic drug alternatives
C)providing therapy to drug addicts in order to make them averse to drugs
D)establishing educational programs to alert people about the dangers of drug abuse
Q2) What is the use of psychedelic drugs?
A)They turn the thoughts of users inward.
B)They are used as sedatives or painkillers.
C)They are mainly used as analgesics and painkillers.
D)They depress the Central Nervous System (CNS).
Q3) ________ occurs because of the diminished response of the nervous system to a drug and the requirement of higher doses of the drug to achieve the desired effect.
A)Dependence
B)Tolerance
C)Abstinence
D)Admittance
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Chapter 12: Prostitution, Pornography, and the Sex Trade
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) People learn what is acceptable sexuality in their group or culture through the ________ process.
A)gratification
B)socialization
C)segregation
D)secularization
Q2) What is Internet prostitution? What are its advantages and disadvantages?
Q3) Why are some people in favor of legalizing prostitution?
Q4) Social practices such as prostitution and pornography can contribute to the maintenance of society even though they are viewed very negatively by many people as per the ________ perspective.
A)functionalist
B)conflict
C)behavioral
D)psychodynamic
Q5) What are the factors that accounted for a change in women's sexual behavior?
Q6) Explain the typical behavior of crack-addicted women in crack houses.
Q7) What are the three conditions a material has to meet to be considered legally obscene according to the Miller test?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Population Growth and Urbanization
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the purpose of Community Development Corporations (CDCs)in the United States?
A)They contribute to revitalization of communities by promoting the development of businesses,jobs,and clean and affordable housing.
B)They explore further possibilities in terms of government regulation of urban development.
C)They tax businesses located in communities with high unemployment or poverty at a lower rate than businesses located in other areas of the city.
D)They shift jobs from low-unemployment areas to high-unemployment areas.
Q2) ________ refers to programs to increase home ownership by private citizens in certain neighborhoods by selling them houses at little or no cost.
A)Urban renewal
B)Urban homesteading
C)Demographic transition
D)Suburbanization
Q3) Why did the United States implement the laissez-faire approach to solve urban problems?
Q4) What are Community Development Corporations?
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15
Chapter 14: Environmental Problems
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true of environmental partnerships?
A)Their goal is to identify an environmental problem and develop a solution.
B)Their goal is to pressurize the U.S.government to implement the Montreal Protocol.
C)They are collaborative partnerships that include only environmental groups and corporations.
D)They are the most coercive approaches to finding ways of alleviating environmental problems.
Q2) The Wise Use Movement has ________.
A)convinced developed nations to stop harvesting timber in national forests
B)convinced the U.S.government to implement the Kyoto protocol
C)been praised as the leader of environmental groups by Greenpeace
D)vigorously opposed environmental regulation in oil and gas exploration
Q3) Which of the following is true of an ecosystem?
A)An ecosystem is always relatively small.
B)Changes in one part of an ecosystem will always produce changes in the other parts.
C)Human-induced changes in an ecosystem seldom have a major negative effect.
D)A self-sufficient ecosystem interacts with other ecosystems at the overlap of their borders.
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Chapter 15: Violence, War, and Terrorism
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Collective violence differs from interpersonal violence in that collective violence
A)is a response to the stresses of an immediate situation
B)is an organized form of violence involving large numbers of people
C)exclusively focuses hostility on property,merchandise,or equipment rather than people
D)is always politically motivated
Q2) The Geneva Protocols of 1925 prohibit the ________.
A)use of chemical weapons
B)production of chemical weapons
C)use of biological weapons
D)proliferation of nuclear weapons
Q3) Why is mobilization important for collective violence to occur?
Q4) A structural precondition necessary for collective violence to occur is the ________.
A)absence of ethnocentrism
B)involvement of the government in some fashion
C)acceptance of violence as a way of resolving disputes
D)existence of some social strain or social deprivation
Q5) What happens when structured preconditions cause people to be frustrated?
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