Contemporary Social Issues
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Contemporary Social Issues explores a range of pressing challenges facing modern societies, such as inequality, globalization, migration, environmental concerns, and the impact of technology. This course encourages critical analysis of how social, cultural, economic, and political forces shape public debates and policy responses. Students will engage with current research, diverse perspectives, and case studies to better understand the complexities of these issues and consider potential pathways for social change and advocacy.
Recommended Textbook
Sociology in Our Times The Essentials 8th Edition by Diana Kendall
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16 Chapters
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2
Chapter 1: The Sociological Perspective and Research
Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement concerning suicide is false?
A)White Americans have a higher rate of suicide than African Americans.
B)One of the warning signs of suicide is if the person talks about it.
C)People who commit suicide often fail to see the bright side of life.
D)Children can learn how to harm themselves from the mass media.
Answer: A
Q2) Middle-income countries are nations with highly industrialized economies, technologically advanced industrial, administrative, and service occupations; and relatively high levels of national and personal income.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) __________ are people who provide data for analysis through interviews or questionnaires.
A)Observers
B)Respondents
C)Polls
D)Control groups
Answer: B
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ norms state what behavior is appropriate or acceptable. For example, persons making a certain amount of money are expected to file a tax return and pay any taxes they owe.
A)Standard
B)Prescriptive
C)Regular
D)Proscriptive
Answer: B
Q2) A __________ is a large social grouping that occupies the same geographical territory and is subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
A)country
B)society
C)nation
D)culture
Answer: B
Q3) Discuss why culture is so significant to our personal identities.
Answer: Not Answer
Q4) Identify and compare the various types of norms.
Answer: Not Answer
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Chapter 3: Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Full-day child care may cost up to $______ per child.
A)2,000
B)5,000
C)10,000
D)15,000
Answer: C
Q2) According to sociologist George Herbert Mead, __________ refers to the process by which a person mentally assumes the role of another person or group in order to understand the world from that person's or group's point of view.
A)role-exploration
B)role-assumption
C)role-taking
D)role-searching
Answer: C
Q3) The oldest-old are those people over the age of ____.
A)70
B)75
C)80
D)85
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sociologist Erving Goffman suggested that __________ (how we behave or conduct ourselves) is relative to social power. People in positions of dominance are allowed a wider range of permissible actions than are their subordinates.
A)demeanor
B)emotional expression
C)deference
D)structured inequality
Q2) A convicted criminal, wearing a prison uniform, is an example of a person who has been __________; the uniform says that the person has done something wrong and should not be allowed unsupervised outside the prison walls.
A)alienated
B)marginalized
C)dislabeled
D)stigmatized
Q3) One homeless shelter project started by college students is the
A)Homeless Project, USA.
B)Harvard Square Homeless Shelter.
C)Students for Homelessness.
D)New York Society for Homeless Assistance.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Groups and Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ needs cannot always be met by one person, so the group works cooperatively to fulfill a specific goal.
A)Expressive
B)Instrumental
C)Social
D)Individual
Q2) Compare U.S. and Japanese models of organization
Q3) A(n) __________ is a collection of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time but share little else in common.
A)social group
B)category
C)aggregate
D)primary group
Q4) A(n) __________ organization is a highly structured secondary group formed for the purpose of achieving specific goals in the most efficient manner.
A)traditional
B)formal
C)secondary
D)primary
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Chapter 6: Deviance and Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) A key objective of the __________ is to repair the damage done to the victim and the community by an offender's criminal act. It states that the criminal justice system should promote a peaceful and just society; the system should focus on peacemaking rather than on punishing offenders.
A)restorative justice perspective
B)reconstructive justice perspective
C)reformative justice perspective
D)retransitional justice perspective
Q2) Sociologist __________ believed that deviance is rooted in societal factors such as rapid social change and lack of social integration among people. As social integration (bonding and community involvement) decreased, deviance and crime increased.
A)Robert Merton
B)Edwin Sutherland
C)Walter Reckless
D)Emile Durkheim
Q3) Describe organized crime and explain how it may weaken social control in a society.
Q4) Differentiate between occupational and corporate crime and discuss their impact on society.
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Chapter 7: Class and Stratification in the United States
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to sociologist Erik Wright's Marxian model of the U.S. class structure, the major sources of income for the managerial class are profits, interests, and very high salaries. Members of this class make important decisions about the workplace, including which products and services to make available to consumers and how many workers to hire or fire.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to your text, several factors have eroded the American Dream for the middle-class. Which of the following factors was not identified in the text?
A)escalating housing prices
B)blocked mobility on the job
C)the cost?of?living squeeze
D)negative media exposure
Q3) Sociologists often use the term socioeconomic status (SES) to refer to a combined measure that attempts to classify individuals, families, or households in terms of factors such as income, occupation, and education to determine class location.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Global Stratification
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Sample Questions
Q1) Summarize Walt Rostow's perspective on global inequality.
Q2) Average life expectancy has increased by about a third in the past three decades. Although no country has a life expectancy rate of 80 years for men, __________ some countries now have a life expectancy rate of 80 years or more for women.
A)12
B)19
C)25
D)33
Q3) __________ stratification refers to the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestige on a worldwide basis, resulting in people having vastly different lifestyles and life chances both within and among the nations of the world.
A)Universal
B)Planetary
C)Global
D)Cosmic
Q4) Summarize wealth and poverty in global perspective.
Q5) In relation to classification of economies by income, describe middle-income economies.
Q6) Outline classifications of economies by income.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Race and Ethnicity
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Q1) Examples of __________ include the killing of thousands of Native Americans by white settlers in North America and the extermination of six million European Jews by Nazi Germany.
A)prejudice
B)discrimination
C)genocide
D)racism
Q2) __________ refers to the interactive effect of racism and sexism on the exploitation of women of color.
A)Gendered racism
B)Internal colonialism
C)Split labor market
D)Domestic marginalization
Q3) __________ involves actions or practices of dominant group members (or their representatives) that have a harmful impact on members of a subordinate group.
A)Prejudice
B)Racism
C)Stereotyping
D)Discrimination
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Women have relative equality in which type of society?
A)hunting and gathering
B)horticultural
C)agrarian
D)industrial
Q2) Define sex and differentiate between primary sex characteristics and secondary sex characteristics for both males and females.
Q3) A new form of feminist thinking is rising among Muslim women. This is called
A)Islamic feminism.
B)Islamic liberation.
C)Muslim liberation.
D)Muslim fundamentalism.
Q4) Discuss the cultural dimension of gender.
Q5) Sexual orientation refers to an individual's preference for emotional-sexual relationships with members of the opposite sex (heterosexuality), the same sex (homosexuality), or both (bisexuality).
A)True
B)False
Q6) Trace gender stratification from a historical and contemporary perspective.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Families and Intimate Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the major issues associated with adoption, teenage pregnancies, single-parent households, and two-parent households.
Q2) Discuss the system of descent and inheritance, and explain why such systems are important in societies.
Q3) Most people's behavior is shaped by cultural rules. __________ is the practice of marrying outside one's own social groups or category.
A)Exogamy
B)Homogamy
C)Heterogamy
D)Endogamy
Q4) __________ descent is used in the United States for the purpose of determining kinship and inheritance rights; however, children typically take the father's last name.
A)Bilateral
B)Bitrilocal
C)Bitricentric
D)Bitriarchal
Q5) Analyze the family from a functionalist perspective.
Q6) Identify transitions and problems in families.
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Chapter 12: Education and Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ theorists do not believe that public schools reduce social inequality in society; rather, they believe that schools often perpetuate class, racial/ethnic, and gender inequalities as some groups seek to maintain their privileged position at the expense of others.
A)Functionalist
B)Symbolic interactionist
C)Conflict
D)Postmodernist
Q2) Discuss the conflict perspective on education and distinguish how the hidden curriculum is influenced by social class and results in gender bias.
Q3) Political leaders often use religion to justify their decisions, stating that they have prayed for guidance in deciding what to do. This informal relationship between religion and the state has been referred to as __________.
A)the spiritualization of politics
B)civil religion
C)political religion
D)affirmational politics
Q4) Distinguish between the different types of religious organizations.
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Chapter 13: Politics and the Economy in Global Perspective
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Q1) "Keeping an Eye on the Media" discusses whether we get the news that we should. What is the basic conclusion the article draws? Give an example. What is Project Censored?
Q2) According to the __________ model, power in political systems is widely dispersed throughout many competing interest groups.
A)pluralist
B)elite
C)distributive
D)ruling class
Q3) Compare the development of traditional authority with charismatic authority. Include sociologist Max Weber's point of view.
Q4) Interlocking directorates increase competition by producing dependence. Individuals who serve on multiple boards are often able to forge cooperative arrangements that benefit their corporations but not necessarily the general public.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss "Keeping an Eye on the Media."
Q6) Political Systems in global perspective
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Chapter 14: Health, Health Care, and Disability
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Q1) The term __________ refers to the process whereby nonmedical problems become defined and treated as illnesses or disorders.
A)medicalization
B)demedicalization
C)non-medicalization
D)remedicalization
Q2) __________ is the term for an institutional system concerned with the scientific diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness.
A)Health care
B)Medicine
C)Scientific medicine
D)Holistic medicine
Q3) Fee-for-service basis resulted in several effects on medicine, which of the following was not identified as an effect on medicine?
A)It has created a two-tier system of medicine.
B)It is available for those who can afford it.
C)It has contributed to remarkable advances in medicine.
D)Private insurers pick up large portions of doctor bills.
Q4) Describe health in global perspective.
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Chapter 15: Population and Urbanization
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Q1) In 2004, the U.S. infant mortality rate for white infants was __________ live births.
A)3.2 per 1,000
B)5.7 per 1,000
C)7.3 per 1,000
D)9.4 per 1,000
Q2) Discuss the symbolic interactionist perspective on urbanization and the growth of cities: the experience of city life.
Q3) In 2000, the leading cause of death in the United States was __________.
A)cancer
B)chronic lung disease
C)diabetes
D)heart disease
Q4) Gentrification is the process by which members of the middle and upper-middle classes, especially whites, move into the central-city area and renovate existing properties.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss population composition as it relates to the study of population.
Q6) Describe urbanization in global perspective.
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Chapter 16: Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) China's economy is growing but the energy needed to fuel the economy derives from coal which is one of the dirtiest sources of energy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Ethnocentrism emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s out of the feminist, peace, and ecology movements. It is based on the belief that patriarchy is a root cause of environmental problems.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Collective behavior occurs as a result of some common influence or stimulus that produces a response from a/an __________, which is a number of people who act together and may mutually transcend, bypass, or subvert established institutional patterns and structures.
A)administrative organization
B)change-based organization
C)social movement
D)collectivity
Q4) Define collective behavior and compare it with organizational and institutional behavior.
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