Contemporary Psychology Exam
Solutions
Course Introduction
Contemporary Psychology explores the current theories, research, and practices shaping the field of psychology today. This course examines major psychological perspectives such as cognitive, behavioral, biological, and sociocultural alongside emerging trends and debates. Students will investigate topics including mental health, consciousness, human development, social behavior, and applied psychology in a global context. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, scientific methodology, and real-world application of psychological principles to contemporary issues. By integrating foundational knowledge with cutting-edge discoveries, the course provides a comprehensive understanding of psychologys evolving role in society.
Recommended Textbook
The World of Psychology 7th Canadian Edition by by Samuel E. Wood
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14 Chapters
3875 Verified Questions
3875 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology
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243 Verified Questions
243 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Animals are often used in research because they are simpler than human beings and are usually easier to control.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) When researchers can specify the conditions under which a behaviour or event is likely to occur, they have accomplished the goal of
A) explanation.
B) influence.
C) description.
D) prediction
Answer: D
Q3) The school of thought in psychology known as functionalism was aimed at analyzing the basic elements of conscious mental experience.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Biology and Behaviour
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267 Verified Questions
267 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The thin outer covering of the cerebral hemispheres is called the A) cingulate gyrus.
B) cerebral cortex
C) corpus callosum.
D) cephalodermis.
Answer: B
Q2) What is a synapse?
Answer: The synapse is the junction where the axon of a sending neuron communicates with a receiving neuron across the synaptic cleft. The sending neuron releases neurotransmitters into the synapse as part of the process of communicating with the receiving neuron.
Q3) Which of the following statements is not true of the split-brain operation?
A) It provides a means of studying the functions of thedividual hemispheres.
B) It causes major changestelligence, personality, and behaviour
C) It makes transfer offormation between the hemispheres impossible.
D) It is used for people suffering from severe epilepsy.
Answer: B
Q4) What are the primary functions of the cerebellum?
Answer: Its main functions are to execute smooth, skilled movements and to regulate muscle tone and posture.
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception
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303 Verified Questions
303 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Railroad tracks converging in the distance provide an example of A) interposition.
B) linear perspective
C) motion parallax.
D) relative size.
Answer: B
Q2) What would be the most painless way to take some terrible-tasting medicine?
A) Hold your nose when you take it
B) Drink salty water before taking the medicine.
C) Close your eyes and have someone give it to you.
D) Add sugar to the medicine.
Answer: A
Q3) The tough, transparent, protective layer covering the front of the eye is called the A) iris.
B) pupil.
C) lens.
D) cornea
Answer: D
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5
Chapter 4: States of Conciousness
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280 Verified Questions
280 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stage 4 sleep begins when
A) dreams begin.
B) more than 50 percent of brain activity is delta waves
C) delta waves begin to appear.
D) one first falls asleep.
Q2) Which drugs boost energy, heighten alertness and increase activity?
A) Barbiturates
B) Stimulants
C) Hallucinogens
D) Alcoholic beverages
Q3) Which of the following is not an example of a hallucinogen?
A) Cocaine
B) Marijuana
C) Heroin
D) Amphetamines
Q4) Cocaine is to ________________ as LSD is to _______________.
A) stimulant; hallucinogen
B) hallucinogen; stimulant
C) hallucinogen; depressant
Q5) What are the major symptoms of narcolepsy, and what events can trigger it?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Learning
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279 Verified Questions
279 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) People often engage in behaviour that is reinforcing in the short term but is not in their long-term interest. This reflects the influence of
A) the immediacy of reinforcement
B) their level of motivation.
C) the schedule of reinforcement.
D) the magnitude of reinforcement.
Q2) A limitation of punishment is that it
A) prevents the use of reinforcers.
B) suppresses rather than extinguishes behaviours
C) makes it impossible to establish new, desirable behaviours.
D) rapidly loses its effectiveness fordividuals.
Q3) The removal of an unpleasant stimulus after a desired behaviour has occurred
A) is the reverse of positive reinforcement.
B) is called awful reinforcement.
C) is known as prototypical reinforcement.
D) is called negative reinforcement
Q4) Both punishment and negative reinforcement are used to decrease the probability of a response.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Memory
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262 Verified Questions
262 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the memory that is not a replica of an event, but one that has been pieced together from a few highlights and uses information that may or may not be accurate?
A) A reconstruction
B) A schematization
C) Hyperamnesia
D) Metamemory
Q2) In a study, subjects either stayed awake or went to sleep immediately after memorizing a list of nonsense syllables. From what you've learned in your text, you would expect results to show that forgetting was
A) more rapid when subjects went to sleep.
B) equal whether subjects were asleep or awake.
C) significantly slower when subjects stayed awake.
D) more rapid when subjects stayed awake
Q3) Our inability to remember may be a result of decoding failure-the information never entered our long-term memory in the first place.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What has the study of H.M. revealed about the role of the hippocampus in memory?
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Chapter 7: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence
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345 Verified Questions
345 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Studies with split brain patients and normal people suggest that two types of processes are used in the formation of visual images. First,
A) we retrieve stored memories
B) create the image.
C) arrange or assemble parts of the image.
D) access emotional memories of the image.
Q2) Binet and Simon developed their original test for measuring human intelligence in order to
A) identify children whosetelligence was too low to profit from regular classroomstruction
B) identify people who should not be allowed to vote.
C) identify adolescents who should go to college.
D) identify teachers who were not adequately prepared for the classroom.
Q3) The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale can be administered individually or to groups. A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the interpersonal components of emotional intelligence?
Q5) Explain the role of divergent thinking in creativity.
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Chapter 8: Development
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303 Verified Questions
303 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because longitudinal studies can be spread over years and decades, they are less costly than cross-sectional studies.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What physical changes occur during puberty?
Q3) The teenager's exaggerated sense of personal uniqueness and indestructibility results from having an imaginary audience.
A)True
B)False
Q4) When people base their moral decisions on furthering basic human rights and on universal ethical principles they are reasoning at which of Kohlberg's levels?
A) post-conventional
B) conventional
C) idiosyncratic
D) pre-conventional
Q5) What are the three parenting styles discussed by Baumrind, and which did she find most effective?
Q6) What are the three stages of prenatal development? Describe each stage.
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Chapter 9: Motivation and Emotion
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241 Verified Questions
241 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which student is taking psychology out of intrinsic motivation?
A) Maggie is taking the course because it was offered at a convenient time.
B) Jamie is taking the course because he thinks it will raise his grade point average.
C) Alfredo is taking the course because he has always found the subjectteresting
D) Kim is taking the course to fulfill a core course requirement.
Q2) One type of thirst develops from a loss of fluid from the body tissues, which can be caused by all of the following except
A) diarrhea.
B) vomiting.
C) bleeding.
D) salty food
Q3) Passion is to ________ as intimacy is to ________ in Sternberg's model.
A) attraction; maintenance
B) closeness; maintenance
C) closeness; attraction
D) attraction; closeness
Q4) Explain the facial-feedback hypothesis.
Q5) What is the drive-reduction theory of motivation?
Q6) What are basic emotions?
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Chapter 10: Social Psychology
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269 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One view of how prejudice arises and is sustained suggests that the thinking processes we use to simplify, categorize, and order our world are the same processes by which we distort it. This view is the
A) cognitive discrimination theory.
B) social cognition theory
C) reverse discrimination theory.
D) realistic conflict theory.
Q2) The student radical group OUR-ED, known for noisy sit-in demonstrations held a meeting last week. Before the meeting began, as people gathered and talked, many individual members suggested that stronger actions had to be taken to increase funding to schools. The entire meeting was devoted to this topic. As a result of the meeting we could expect
A) more aggressive confrontations from this group
B) the group to splinterto separate sub-groups.
C) a switch to a less visible course of action.
D) a continuation of the sit-in demonstrations.
Q3) What is the bystander effect? What factors have been suggested to explain why it occurs?
Q4) What are the three components of an attitude?
Q5) What qualities make a source most persuasive?
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Chapter 11: Personality Theory and Assessment
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314 Verified Questions
314 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hans Eysenck's trait of emotional instability is also known as A) introversion.
B) neuroticism
C) extroversion.
D) psychoticism.
Q2) What is the field of behavioural genetics, and what are the primary methods used to separate the effects of genetics and environment on personality? What does research suggest about the relative influence of the genes and environment on personality?
Q3) When using an observational techniques known as behaviour assessment, psychologists
A) conductterviews with the observed person, which they discuss the person's behaviour.
B) count and record the frequency of particular behaviours they are studying
C) have the observed person complete anventory to assess their behaviour.
D) observe and randomly record their behavioural observations.
Q4) The three major methods for assessing personality are observation, interview and rating scales.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Health and Stress
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213 Verified Questions
213 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A prolonged and severe stress reaction characterized by anxiety, withdrawal from others and reliving the stressful event is called
A) the resistance stage.
B) catastrophic stress syndrome.
C) generalized anxiety stress disorder.
D) post-traumatic stress disorder
Q2) Research has suggested that for people who choose to practise promiscuous sex cannot be safe from HIV infection. They can't even reduce the risks by using a latex condom.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe physiological reactions to stress and the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome.
Q4) Which of the following is most likely to be associated with eustress?
A) Taking a vacation
B) A challenge at work
C) Impending danger from a natural disaster
D) The loss of a loved one
Q5) How is the immune system affected by stress and depression?
Q6) Explain the relationship between racism and the experience of stress.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Psychology Disorders
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282 Verified Questions
282 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the symptoms associated with borderline personality disorder.
Q2) Which of these statements is true of personality disorders?
A) Persons with these disorders typically have problems social relationships and at work
B) Personality disorders usually begin adulthood.
C) Persons with these disorders typically seek professional help.
D) Persons with these disorders usually realize their problem.
Q3) Jay, a young helicopter pilot, was preparing for his first combat experience in Iraq. He was seized with a terrible fear that he might mistakenly cause the death of his own troops through "friendly fire." The day before he was scheduled to leave, Jay suddenly went blind. Because no physical reason for his blindness could be found, Jay's condition was diagnosed as
A) conversion disorder
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) hypochondriasis.
D) dissociative fugue.
Q4) Cluster B is associated with the personality disorders most likely to commit crimes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Therapies
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274 Verified Questions
274 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does rational-emotive therapy explain psychological disorders?
Q2) According to Kleinman and Cohen, people experience and suffer from biological and psychological disorders within
A) a family setting.
B) a uniform environment.
C) a cultural context
D) their own mind.
Q3) Sidney is terribly afraid of riding in elevators. His therapist has him ride the elevator in an office building continuously until his fear subsides. The therapist used which therapeutic technique?
A) Flooding
B) Participant modelling
C) Systematic desensitization
D) Aversion therapy
Q4) The main problem with antidepressants is that they are
A) relatively slow to take effect
B) heavily addicting.
C) only effective on 15 percent of depressed people.
D) effective for a short time.
Q5) How do therapists use systematic desensitization to rid people of fears?
Page 16
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