Contemporary Political Analysis
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Contemporary Political Analysis explores the advanced tools, theories, and methodologies used to examine political phenomena in the modern world. This course emphasizes the practical application of both qualitative and quantitative analytical methods to understand key political issues, processes, and behaviors. Students will critically evaluate existing political research, learn how to design their own studies, and gain hands-on experience in data interpretation. Topics include voting behavior, policy analysis, political institutions, and the impact of globalization on national politics, providing a comprehensive framework for analyzing and interpreting current political trends and events.
Recommended Textbook
Introducing Comparative Politics Concepts and Cases in Context 3rd Edition by Stephen Orvis
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.Which of the following statements describe psychological theories of individual motivation?
A)They look for nonrational explanations based on individual's psychological experiences.
B)They look for nonrational explanations based on a cost-benefit analysis.
C)They are particularly interested in the third dimension of power.
D)They assume that people conduct a cost-benefit analysis before making a decision.
Answer: A, C
Q2) One difference between modernist and postmodernist approaches to political culture is that postmodernists
A)focus on individuals
B)often use surveys to learn about culture
C)tend to focus on conflicts over political culture within a country
D)have been accused of ethnocentrism
Answer: C
Q3) The concept relating to why and how modern nations and states arose is known as ______.
Answer: political development
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3
Chapter 2: The Modern State
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Q1) Britain ruled its colonies through private corporations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.The modern state spread all over the word through A)word of mouth
B)colonialism
C)independence
D)contagion
Answer: B, C
Q3) Provide a definition of sovereignty.
Answer: the state's ability to govern over a given territory
Q4) The Articles of Confederation failed mainly because A)They lacked legitimacy.
B)They provided inadequate sovereignty.
C)They failed to provide adequate political goods.
D)They failed to settle the problem of slavery between the North and the South.
Answer: B
Q5) What are the three different types of legitimate authority?
Answer: traditional, charismatic, and rational-legal
Page 4
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Chapter 3: States, Citizens, and Regimes
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Q1) A ______ regime will justify its coming to power by pointing out prolonged economic stagnation and/or growing social unrest. It may also claim that it will "clean up the mess" of the prior government and get the country back on the right track of development.
Answer: military
Q2) Lenin modified Marx's theory of socialist revolution by creating a role for
A)a vanguard party
B)the church
C)the bourgeoisie
D)international revolution
Answer: A
Q3) ______ theory claims that development in postcolonial societies needs to follow the same path as that which the West undertook.
Answer: modernization
Q4) Germany's Nazi regime added ______ to fascism.
A)economic determinism
B)racism
C)populism
D)elitism
Answer: B
Page 5
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Chapter 4: States and Identity
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Q1) Why are the headscarves worn by Muslims so controversial in France and Turkey? What are some of the issues that have been raised by the controversy?
Q2) Samuel Huntington argued that the world could be divided into eight major "civilizations" based largely on ______.
A)religion
B)ideology
C)politics
D)race
Q3) Explain the basis of constructivism in terms of Anderson's "imagined communities."
Q4) Multicultural integration and assimilation differ in the fact that
A)Multicultural integration involves the elimination of distinct cultures.
B)Assimilation allows for the creation of a unique subculture within a larger culture.
C)Multicultural integration preserves the cultural differences among groups.
D)Assimilation allows individuals of different backgrounds to feel at home in their own institutions.
Q5) Explain the objectives and outcomes of the goals of the feminist and LBGT movements.
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6
Chapter 5: Governing Institutions in Democracies
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Q1) Semipresidentialism can be thought of as the hybrid compromise between parliamentarianism and presidentialism.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The division of constitutionally assigned power to national and subnational governments, with different subnational governments (states or provinces) having distinct relationships with and rights in relation to the national government is known as A)an asymmetrical federal system
B)a symmetrical federal system
C)a centralized system
D)autonomous regions
Q3) In majoritarian democracies
A)There is executive dominance over the legislature.
B)There is balance between the executive and the legislature.
C)There is legislative dominance over the legislature.
D)Coalition governments create stability between the executive and the legislature.
Q4) Does federalism increase or decrease accountability? How?
Q5) List at least two ways in which the executive branch can increase its power?
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Chapter 6: Institutions of Participation and Representation in Democracies
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Q1) In a two-party system
A)only two parties compete
B)only two parties obtain votes from citizens
C)only two parties are able to get enough votes to win an election
D)more than one party can win an election
Q2) Attempts to organize associations to promote the rights of lower-caste Indians have been hindered by a
A)lack of affirmative action programs
B)legal enshrinement of "untouchability"
C)localization of traditional caste identities
D)government opposition to lower-caste rights
Q3) In majoritarian systems, candidates must win 50 percent plus one of the votes to be elected.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a system based on interest group pluralism
A)The government negotiates with the smallest of chosen interest groups.
B)Peak associations unify local groups positions.
C)Many groups independently represent the same broad interests.
D)The government ensures that interest groups exist and function.
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Chapter 7: Contentious Politics: Social Movements, Political
Violence, and Revolution
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Q1) As global communication has become easier, transnational social movements have declined.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Consensual democracies with multiple-party systems are more likely to produce major candidates or parties that champion a social movement's demands.
A)True
B)False
Q3) SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.Which of the following is a factor for determining whether or not a revolution will be successful?
A)the ideology behind the revolution
B)the strength of the current state
C)the resources in the hands of the revolutionaries
D)the number of attempts
Q4) Describe, using an example, what "transnational advocacy networks" are and the resources they use.
Q5) Compare and contrast the Zapatista rebellion in Mexico with Boko Haram in Nigeria.What do these groups have in common? How do they differ?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Authoritarian Institutions
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Q1) Iran is a prime example of a regime with a leader who has a personality cult.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the "problem of succession?" Explain how it affects personalist, military, one-party, and theocratic regimes.
Q3) Repression leading to fear, leading to uncertainty and even more repression is typical of
A)the dictator's dilemma
B)the prisoner's dilemma
C)battle of the sexes
D)stag hunt
Q4) Personalist regimes are most likely to arise when
A)the military holds most power
B)the supreme leader holds most power
C)the political party holds most power
D)elections are free and fair
Q5) Describe the role of the judiciary in authoritarian regimes.
Q6) Why do authoritarian regimes allow for elections (please list two reasons).
Q7) List at least three reasons why some states become authoritarian and others democratic.
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Chapter 9: Regime Change
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Q1) Yeltsin's relationship to political parties was that he
A)founded his own party
B)refused to join a party
C)tried to outlaw parties
D)quit his party when it opposed his initiatives
Q2) Name and describe two ideological bases of revolutions.
Q3) When the leadership of an authoritarian regime splits, the softliners are people who are willing to consider compromising with opponents as a means to survive the crisis.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Radicals are known as leaders of democracy movements who are willing to compromise with the authoritarian regime to make some gains toward democracy, even if partial
A)True
B)False
Q5) Scholars have provided three major sets of explanations to military coups (1) institutions/political culture; (2) military self-interest; (3) neopatrimonial explanations.Choose one of these three approaches and explain it in detail, illustrating your answer with examples.
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Chapter 10: Political Economy of Wealth
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Q1) Which of the following is an example of an externality?
A)the cost of building infrastructure
B)the cost of producing a car
C)the cost of environmental damage
D)the cost of workers' wages
Q2) What effect(s) has globalization had on nation-states?
A)the eradication of the nation-states
B)the weakening of nation-states
C)the strengthening of national economies
D)firms have taken over governing duties in nation-states
Q3) According to the "comparative institutional advantage" idea, globalization will eventually overwhelm the power of nation-states to set distinct economic policies.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why can markets not provide public goods?
Q5) Provide two examples of a coordinated market economy.
Q6) Policy recommendations of neoliberals include (list at least two).
Q7) Provide two examples of a liberal market economy.
Q8) List at least two policy examples advocated by Keynesian economists.
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Chapter 11: Political Economy of Development
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Q1) Political backlash to neoliberal economic reforms in Brazil
A)put a leftist labor leader in office
B)reversed Brazilian economic policy
C)led to political instability
D)all of these
Q2) According to ISI, by increasing the number of imported manufactured products, postcolonial governments can encourage domestic and international investment in new industries.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The economic assumption of modernization theory holds that
A)poor countries would not follow the same process to achieve wealth that the West had in an earlier era
B)poor countries would largely go through the same process to achieve wealth that the West had in an earlier era
C)rich developed countries would support poorer countries as they developed
D)rich developed countries would not support poorer countries as they developed
Q4) Is there any relationship between economic development and regime type? Please explain in detail the position that you endorse.
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Chapter 12: Public Policies When Markets Fail: Welfare, Health, and the Environment
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Q1) Social democratic welfare states are characterized by emphasis on A)means-tested assistance
B)universal entitlements
C)social insurance programs
D)low levels of taxation
Q2) Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs were first implemented in
A)Sweden
B)Brazil
C)China
D)Mexico
Q3) Liberal welfare states put great emphasis on
A)individual autonomy
B)income stabilization
C)social equality
D)none of the above
Q4) Why is health care reform so difficult in the United States?
Q5) The United States is an example of a social democratic welfare state.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe at least three reasons why market failure occurs. Page 14
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Page 15