Contemporary Nutrition Issues
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
This course explores current topics and challenges in the field of nutrition, addressing how evolving science, societal trends, and public policy impact individual and community health. Students will examine issues such as fad diets, food security and sustainability, the influence of media on dietary choices, chronic disease prevention, and the role of nutrition in different populations. Through critical analysis of scientific literature and real-world case studies, the course aims to develop students ability to evaluate and communicate evidence-based nutrition information relevant to modern society.
Recommended Textbook
Human Nutrition Science for Healthy Living 1st Edition by Tammy Stephenson
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20 Chapters
1102 Verified Questions
1102 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following factors has a major influence over a person's food choices?
A)Vitamin A status
B)Birth order
C)Blood type
D)Close friends
Answer: D
Q2) An essential nutrient
A)must be supplied by the diet.
B)is only in fortified foods.
C)is not in empty-calorie food.
D)is only in foods from animal sources.
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the United States?
A)Stroke
B)Suicide
C)Influenza and pneumonia
D)Chronic lower respiratory infections
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Evaluating Nutrition Information
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Sample Questions
Q1) A physician who hosts a popular TV show makes several nutrition-related claims during one of the programs.Which of the doctor's claims is a "red flag" of unreliable information?
A)Niacin cures pellagrA.
B)Not all doctors are nutrition experts.
C)The "placebo effect" often occurs in controlled studies involving human subjects.
D)Kava cures migraine headaches.
Answer: D
Q2) A magazine article about weight-loss diets includes false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific-sounding terms to make it seem factual.The faulty information is an example of ______.
A)mislabeling
B)pseudoscience
C)hypothesizing
D)bias
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Basis of a Healthy Diet
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is a health claim that the FDA allows on a food package?
A)"Vitamin C reduces the risk of the common cold by 50%."
B)"Foods that contain dietary fiber,vitamin A,or vitamin C may reduce the risk of cancer.Although a serving of our creamed broccoli has 7 grams of fat,it is an excellent source of fiber and vitamins A and C."
C)"Drinking whole milk adds calcium and vitamin D to your diet.These nutrients are essential for strengthening bones."
D)"While many factors affect heart disease,diets low in saturated fat may reduce the risk of this disease."
Answer: D
Q2) What is the name of the tool at www.choosemyplate.gov that you can use to assess daily energy and food group needs,and record and monitor daily diet and physical activity habits?
A)MyPlate
B)Diet Analysis 2.0
C)SuperTracker
D)Exchange System
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Human Digestion, Absorption, and Transport
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chyme moves from the stomach into the _____.
A)duodenum
B)colon
C)jejunum
D)ileum
Q2) Amanda is a three year old who has a condition that is characterized by the inability of her pancreas to produce cholecystokinin.Based on this information,she _____.
A)is taller than most children who are her age
B)is heavier than average for her height
C)has difficulty digesting food
D)absorbs higher than normal amounts of micronutrients
Q3) Libby was born without salivary glands.As a result of this condition,she ______.
A)digests food too rapidly
B)has trouble tasting food
C)develops numerous stomach ulcers
D)cannot tolerate eating cold foods
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Chapter 5: Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fiber
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hypoglycemia is a condition that occurs when the blood glucose level is too high.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Betty is constipated;she generally has bowel movements only twice a week.To help relieve her constipation without taking medications,Betty should _______.
A)increase her intake of foods that contain insoluble fiber
B)restrict her fluid intake
C)use colon cleansing enemas daily
D)reduce her intake of fruits and vegetables
Q3) Carbohydrate absorption occurs almost exclusively in the stomach.
A)True
B)False
Q4) High-fiber diets are associated with all of the following EXCEPT _______.
A)reduced risk of stroke
B)reduced secretion of intrinsic factor
C)reduced risk of diabetes
D)reduced risk of heart disease
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Chapter 6: The Lipids: Triglycerides, phospholipids, and
Sterols
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Sample Questions
Q1) April wants to add _____ to her salad,because the food is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fats.
A)cheddar cheese
B)bread cubes
C)walnuts
D)coconut oil
Q2) Victor is making cake batter.When he added corn oil,fat-free milk,baking powder,and salt together,the oil and milk separated into two layers.To make a mixture that does not separate into oily and watery components,Victor should add _____ and stir the ingredients together.
A)fruit juice
B)egg yolks
C)whey protein
D)high-fructose corn syrup
Q3) Having high blood levels of _____ may increase a person's risk of CVD.
A)tryptophan
B)homocysteine
C)aspartic acid
D)HDL
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Chapter 7: Proteins: Amino Acids
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Sample Questions
Q1) Proteins _____________.
A)provide 7 kcal/g
B)are comprised of amino acids
C)have phosphorus in their chemical structures
D)are stored as glycogen in the body
Q2) Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal protein?
A)Slice of American cheese
B)Vegetable salad with greens and baby carrots
C)Peanut butter on crackers
D)½ cup of apple and watermelon chunks
Q3) _____ is the process that changes the normal shape of a protein and,as a result,the molecule loses its usual function.
A)Protonation
B)Denaturation
C)Filtration
D)Hydrogenation
Q4) After absorption,amino acids travel to the liver via the hepatic portal vein.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Metabolism
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ability to metabolize alcohol is dependent on the activity of the aldehyde dehydrogenase.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following forms of metabolism releases the lower amount of energy in the cell?
A)Anaerobic metabolism
B)Aerobic metabolism and anaerobic metabolism release about the same amount of energy.
C)Aerobic metabolism
Q3) The _____ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.
A)thyroid
B)salivary
C)adrenal
D)hypothalamus
Q4) Energy is defined as____________.
A)the capacity to perform work
B)movement
C)change
D)transformation
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Chapter 9: Vitamin Overview and Fat-Soluble Vitamins
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the body,vitamin A helps _____________.
A)the small intestine absorb calcium and phosphorus
B)maintain epithelial cells
C)reduce collagen synthesis
D)insulin enter cells
Q2) Why is taking excess amounts of fat-soluble vitamins more likely to cause toxicity than taking excesses of water-soluble vitamins?
A)In general,water-soluble vitamins are more likely to be stored in the body than fat-soluble vitamins.
B)The body has higher requirements for water-soluble vitamins.
C)The body has higher requirements for fat-soluble vitamins.
D)In general,excesses of fat-soluble vitamins cannot be excreted as easily as water-soluble vitamins.
Q3) Which of the following foods is a good source of vitamin K?
A)Citrus fruit
B)Green leafy vegetables
C)Enriched breads
D)Processed poultry products
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Chapter 10: Water-Soluble Vitamins
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a result of an inherited metabolic defect,Christopher's cells have difficulty converting homocysteine to _____.
A)cysteine
B)vitamin B-6
C)tryptophan
D)folate
Q2) Which of the following food items are major dietary sources of carnitine? (Check all that apply. )
Q3) Intrinsic factor is needed to absorb vitamin _____.
A)A
B)B-12
C)C
D)B-6
Q4) _____ are water-soluble vitamins.
A)Pantothenic acid,vitamin C,and thiamin
B)Vitamin D,A,and E
C)Thiamin,vitamin K,and niacin
D)Vitamin A,riboflavin,and vitamin C
Q5) Which of the following foods are rich sources of pantothenic acid? (Check all that apply. )
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Chapter 11: Water and Major Minerals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Magnesium is a critical component of hemoglobin,the green pigment in plants.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines,which of the following minerals is a nutrient of public health concern?
A)Selenium
B)Copper
C)Manganese
D)Calcium
Q3) The sulfur-containing amino acids are found only in animal foods,such as eggs and milk.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Dehydration can cause _________.
A)cirrhosis
B)death
C)hypoglycemia
D)diabetes
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Trace Minerals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patients with Keshan disease have a form of cardiomyopathy that is caused by selenium deficiency.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following foods is an excellent source of heme iron?
A)Beef steak
B)Fat-free milk
C)Corn oil margarine
D)Broccoli
Q3) Christine loves to eat Brazil nuts and canned oysters.These food items are rich sources of _____.
A)vitamin C
B)magnesium
C)selenium
D)folate
Q4) Which of the following foods is a good source of iron?
A)Fat-free yogurt
B)Milk
C)Soybeans
D)Raw kale
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Obesity, energy Balance, and Weight Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Heart rate monitors can be used to estimate TEE because a linear relationship exists between heart rate and oxygen consumption.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Ephedra-containing weight-loss supplements are commercially available at drug stores across the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Losing as little as _____% of excess body fat can increase HDL cholesterol levels,reduce high blood pressure,and improve glucose tolerance.
A)3
B)5
C)15
D)12
Q4) Initial weight loss on a low-carbohydrate diet results from the burning of stored body fat.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is an eating disorder that features recurrent episodes of overeating followed by purging behaviors.rev: 11_19_2015_QC_CS-34111
A)Starvation
B)Binge-eating disorder
C)Anorexia
D)Bulimia nervosa
Q2) Most people who suffer from anorexia nervosa _____.
A)have high self-esteem
B)recover completely within 1 year of treatment
C)deny they are too thin
D)are males between 16 and 30 years of age
Q3) During a dental examination,the dentist notices that the enamel on the back sides of Andrew's teeth has eroded,and the some of the teeth are decaying.Based on this information,the dentist suspects that Andrew _____.
A)eats foods that contain too much dietary fiber
B)frequently makes himself vomit after eating
C)is not brushing his teeth regularly
D)has a vitamin D deficiency disorder
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16
Chapter 15: Nutrition for Fitness and Sport
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Sample Questions
Q1) Skeletal muscles generate more free radicals during rest than during physical activity.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Use of ergogenic aids is common in athletes of all ages and all levels of competition,but is highest in certain groups.Based on the information in Chapter 15,which of the following individuals is most likely to use ergogenic aids?
A)Professional male basketball player
B)Amateur female boxer
C)Female college rugby player
D)Male Olympic swimmer
Q3) Risk of bone fractures may increase for athletes who train primarily indoors and follow vegetarian diets.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The AMDR for fat for athletes is the same as for nonathletes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Pregnancy and Lactation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jenna is due to give birth to a girl in February.Before she became pregnant,Jenna weighed 105 pounds,which was in the underweight range for her height.Based on this information,her physician will recommend that she gain ______ pounds during her pregnancy.
A)18 to 20
B)38 to 50
C)48 to 60
D)28 to 40
Q2) During her 7th month of pregnancy,Sari developed a life-threatening complication of pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension and convulsions.Based on this information,Sari developed _____.
A)endocarditis
B)eclampsia
C)endometriosis
D)echolalia
Q3) Compared to younger women,the risk of having having a baby with Down syndrome is higher in women who are over 40 years of age.
A)True
B)False
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Infants, Children, and Adolescents
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true?
A)By the time he reaches 16 years of age,a healthy boy's skeletal development is complete.
B)In the United States,most girls do not begin puberty until they are 14 years of age.
C)In the United States,healthy boys begin puberty between 14 and 16 years of age.
D)A healthy girl's skeletal growth is almost complete about 2 years after she begins menstruating.
Q2) Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they
A)lose the let-down reflex
B)develop the swallowing reflux
C)can sit up with some back support
D)have most of their primary teeth
Q3) A toddler who weighs 25 pounds needs to consume about ______ kcal per day.
A)930
B)820
C)2145
D)1010
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19
Chapter 18: Nutrition for Older Adults
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most older adults can tolerate taking several prescribed and over-the-counter medications without experiencing negative health effects.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Margaret is 87 years of age.Compared to when she was 27 years of age,her _____ now.
A)bones are more dense
B)body requires less vitamin B-12
C)stomach secretes less intrinsic factor
D)cells require more energy
Q3) Zinc deficiency is one of the most common causes of taste disorders among older adults.
A)True B)False
Q4) Elizabeth is 90 years of age.Compared to when she was 30 years of age,her _____ now.
A)stomach secretes more intrinsic factor
B)cells require more energy
C)skin is more elastic
D)arteries are less flexible
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Food and Water Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) The signs and symptoms of most food-borne illnessed generally occur in the _____ system.
A)digestive
B)nervous
C)respiratory
D)urinary
Q2) Which of the following foods would be most appropriate to include in an emergency food supply?
A)Fresh sweet potatoes
B)Concentrated tomato soup
C)Canned tuna
D)Eggs
Q3) Grace recently took a cruise on board a luxury liner.A few days into her vacation,she developed signs of ____ infection,the most common food-borne illness in the United States.
A)norovirus
B)trichinella
C)botulism
D)anisakis
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Global Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following regions of the world has the highest percentage of undernourished populations?
A)Eastern Europe
B)North Africa
C)Caribbean
D)Southern Asia
Q2) Check any accurate statement.
_____The quality of a pregnant woman's diet has little effect on the health of her baby at birth.
____Early onset of chronic undernutrition can lead to physical stunting and reduced cognitive abilities later in childhood.
____Various social,political,economic,and environmental factors contribute to undernutrition.
_____India has the highest mortality rate for children under the age of 5.
Q3) According to recent statistics,15% of Americans are food insecure.
A)True
B)False
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