Contemporary Issues in Policing Practice Questions
Course Introduction
This course examines the evolving challenges and debates facing modern policing in local, national, and global contexts. Topics include community-oriented policing, use of force, policing in a multicultural society, accountability, technological advancements, and the impact of social movements on law enforcement practices. Students will critically analyze policy responses, ethical dilemmas, and the balance between public safety and civil liberties, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the complexities and future directions in the field of policing.
Recommended Textbook
The Police in America An Introduction 8th Edition by Samuel Walker
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Chapter 1: Police and Society
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Q1) A model of policing that stresses a two-way working relationship between the community and the police, in which the police become more integrated into the local community and citizens assume an active role in crime control and prevention, is called team policing.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) What police action initiates most criminal cases?
A)referral to a social service agency
B)the decision to make an arrest
C)filing a written report
D)mediation in domestic disputes
Answer: C
Q3) All police officers are peace officers, but all peace officers are not police officers. The legal status of peace officers is defined by
A)Congress.
B)communities.
C)statute.
D)education.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The History of the American Police
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Q1) The requirement that police officers advise criminal suspects of their rights before interrogation was established by which Supreme Court case?
A)<i>Mapp v.Ohio</i>
B)<i>Miranda v.Arizona</i>
C)<i>Terry v.Ohio</i>
D)<i>Gideon v.Wainwright</i>
Answer: B
Q2) The most important new development in policing in the 1980s and 1990s was the advent of
A)computers.
B)cell phone technology.
C)an influx of minorities in policing.
D)community policing.
Answer: D
Q3) The first mission of the new London Police of 1829 was criminal investigation.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: The Contemporary Law Enforcement Industry
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Q1) Why is the legal status of the sheriff unique?
A)In most states it is a constitutional office.
B)They are almost always appointed by the governor.
C)They are not involved in partisan politics.
D)They have more authority than city departments.
Answer: A
Q2) Federal law establishes a minimum police-population ratio for the country.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The authors list two major remedies for issues associated with fragmentation. They are
A)consolidation and contracting.
B)increased protection and crime reduction.
C)higher arrests and prosecutions.
D)effectiveness and efficiency.
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Police Organizations
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Q1) Many of the problems in policing are related to organizational features.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Robert Peel designed the London Metropolitan Police Department along the lines of A)the Catholic Church
B)the shipping bureaucracy
C)the East Indian Tea Company
D)the military
Q3) Despecializing in policing is
A)police place greater responsibility on rank-and-file officers at the neighborhood level to become more responsive to neighborhood residents.
B)rules and policies that often stifle police creativity and do not encourage problem solving are eliminated.
C)specialized units with neighborhood officers who are more knowledgeable about the problems that face their neighborhoods are established.
D)the amount of social and administrative distance between the beat officer and the chief of police is decreased.
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Chapter 5: Police Of cers I: Entering Police Work
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Q1) The number and quality of persons in the applicant pool depend in part on a department's
A)recruitment budget.
B)reaction to the economy.
C)ability to secure federal funding.
D)recruitment effort.
Q2) The Supreme Court upheld the use of race in law school admissions in the state of A)New York.
B)Florida.
C)California.
D)Texas.
E)Michigan.
Q3) Oral interviews of applicants are a good opportunity to assess A)writing skills.
B)health status
C)attitudes incompatible with good police work.
D)none of the above
Q4) According to the text, why do people become police officers?
Q5) According to the text, why do police departments have personnel problems?
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Chapter 6: Police Of cers II: on the Job
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Q1) Herbert Packer defines the tension between the demand for results and the rule of law as a conflict between
A)good and evil.
B)social control and chaos.
C)crime control and due process.
D)democracy and fascism.
E)cynicism and authoritarianism.
Q2) William Westley defines reality shock as
A)the experience a new police officer has in his first few months on the job.
B)the experience a new police officer has when he opens his first paycheck.
C)the experience a new police officer has at the police academy.
D)the experience a new police officer has on the firing range.
Q3) A surprising find by the National Center for Women in Policing is that female police officers are more likely to use excessive force than males.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain how the absence of lateral entry negatively affects the quality of a police department.
Q5) Explain how the "code of silence" affects a police department.
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Chapter 7: Patrol: the Backbone of Policing
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Q1) Approximately what percent of calls to the police are for noncrime incidents?
A)10 percent
B)30 percent
C)50 percent
D)70 percent
Q2) The "service" style of policing would most likely be found in which type of community?
A)an inner-city neighborhood
B)a small rural community
C)the suburbs
D)none of the above
Q3) The first scientific experiment testing the effectiveness of patrol was
A)the Manhattan Project.
B)the Dade County, Florida Patrol Experiment.
C)the Chicago Patrol Experiment.
D)the Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment.
E)the St.Louis Preventive Patrol Experiment.
Q4) There have been four major observational studies of police patrol over the past 50 years.List and describe those four studies.
Q5) What are some of the reasons why citizens delay calling the police?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Peacekeeping and Order Maintenance
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Q1) Which of the following was one of the first attempts to decrease officers' arrest discretion?
A)mandatory referral policies
B)mandatory mediation policies
C)mandatory arrest policies
D)none of these
Q2) Much of police work involves order maintenance.Which is not an example of order maintenance?
A)domestic disputes
B)narcotics crackdowns
C)medical emergencies
D)public nuisance calls
Q3) Why do vice crimes present special enforcement problems?
A)They are victimless crimes.
B)So many people are involved in these types of crimes.
C)They are not illegal in all states.
D)Vice crimes are tough to prosecute
Q4) According to Stephen Mastrofski, what are the four different ways that non-crime calls for service can help improve police effectiveness in dealing with crime?
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Chapter 9: The Police and Crime
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Q1) A PERF study of burglary and robbery investigations found that about 25 percent of all burglary cases receive slightly less than _______ of investigative work.
A)2 hours work
B)4 hours work
C)6 hours work
D)8 hours work
E)10 hours work
Q2) A reactive anticrime strategy is defined as
A)responding to a crime stopper tip.
B)study of crime methods in a certain area.
C)response to a citizen request for service.
D)the methods used have no positive impact.
Q3) Contrary to popular belief, detective work is neither glamorous nor exciting.
A)True
B)False
Q4) One the most important sources about criminal activity remains the A)forensic evidence.
B)investigator.
C)informant.
D)criminalistics.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Innovations in Police Strategy
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Q1) Which of the following is not one of the three most commonly discussed targets of community policing reform?
A)neighborhood deterioration
B)community partnerships
C)organizational change
D)problem solving
Q2) In community policing, managers are expected to assist neighborhood officers in
A)developing neighborhood contacts.
B)acquiring resources.
C)facilitating training opportunities.
D)all of these
Q3) Both community policing and problem-oriented policing originated in the late 1970s and 1980s as a result of a series of crises in policing.Explain the four crises that provided the impetus for change.
Q4) The defining feature of problem solving is that it requires the participants to identify the underlying causes of problems rather than simply respond to the problem itself.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Police Discretion
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Q1) Full enforcement of the law is not possible.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is one of the most important functions of citizen oversight of the police?
A)police sanctioning
B)administrative rulemaking
C)policy review
D)systematic rulemaking
Q3) The seriousness of the crime and the strength of the evidence are called
A)preference of the victim.
B)strength of the case.
C)culture factors.
D)situational factors.
Q4) The benefit to engaging in systematic rulemaking rather than administrative rulemaking is that
A)it allows police to anticipate problems before they become a crisis.
B)it is more effective.
C)policies would not be in writing, thus leading to more discretion.
D)policies could be changed in response to crisis.
Q5) What are the good ways that discretion can be used?
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Legitimacy and Community Relations
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Q1) The use of excessive force by police officers is also called
A)police corruption.
B)bullying.
C)police battery.
D)police brutality.
E)all of these
Q2) The greatest source of tensions between the police and racial minorities are
A)police taxation.
B)police field practices.
C)police court prosecutions.
D)slow response to calls for service.
Q3) Some police departments offer incentive pay to bilingual officers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A factor that ranks second to race and ethnicity in public attitudes toward the police is A)gender.
B)wealth.
C)sex.
D)age.
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Chapter 13: Police Corruption
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Q1) Controlling police corruption is extremely difficult.The history of the police indicates that successful reform efforts have been
A)lasting.
B)temporary.
C)rejected unless matched with compensation.
D)gradually taken hold with later generations of officers.
Q2) The Knapp Corruption Commission coined the term "grass eater" as defined by A)officers who passively accept what is offered to them.
B)officers who aggressively demand favors.
C)investigative divisions who only investigate narcotics corruption cases.
D)administrators who do not take a serious approach to police corruption.
Q3) The Knapp Commission investigated which police department?
A)Los Angeles
B)New York City
C)Chicago
D)Las Vegas
E)Denver
Q4) The Rampart Scandal occurred in the city of Boston.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Accountability of the Police
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Q1) Which of the following is not one of the problems with citizen review agencies?
A)It might intrude on professional independence.
B)It is expensive and duplicates other work.
C)They may not be qualified to make such investigations.
D)It undermines police authority and their ability to make arrests.
Q2) This officer was one of the most corrupt and brutal officers in the entire NYPD
A)Frank Serpico.
B)Patrick Murphy.
C)Michael Dowd.
D)Joe Rossi.
E)Bobby Simone.
Q3) Programs through which officers can receive professional counseling related to the specific problems they encounter are called
A)stress relief units.
B)counsel relief programs.
C)pre termination wellness unit.
D)employee assistance program.
Q4) What are the advantages and disadvantages of accreditation for law enforcement agencies?
Q5) What are some of the major issues with the internal affairs division?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: The Future of Policing in America
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Sample Questions
Q1) The computer system used to effectively and efficiently manage calls for service from the public is known as
A)National Computer Information.
B)Record Management System.
C)Information Technology.
D)Computer Aided Dispatch.
Q2) One of the best recent examples of the impact of research on policy is the development of
A)TASER technology.
B)team policing.
C)community policing.
D)women in policing.
Q3) Deborah Osborne and Susan Wernicke describe three of the most common types of crime analysis used by police agencies.Describe each of those types of crime analysis in detail.
Q4) Because of the invasion of Iraq, many police departments have lost key personnel who are in the National Guard or reserves.
A)True
B)False
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