Contemporary Issues in Nursing
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Contemporary Issues in Nursing explores current trends, challenges, and developments impacting the nursing profession both locally and globally. The course examines topics such as healthcare policy, ethics, evolving roles of nurses, cultural competence, technological advancements, patient advocacy, workforce diversity, and the effects of globalization on healthcare delivery. Students are encouraged to critically analyze how these contemporary issues influence nursing practice, patient outcomes, and the broader healthcare system, preparing them to adapt to the constantly changing landscape of the profession.
Recommended Textbook
Contemporary Nursing Issues Trends and Management 6th Edition by Barbara Cherry
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28 Chapters
628 Verified Questions
628 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The clinical nurse leader (CNL): (Select all that apply.)
A) requires certification as an advanced practice nurse.
B) provides care at the bedside while collaborating with other members of the health care team.
C) focuses on clinical practice rather than administration or education.
D) is an advanced practice nurse whose practice is limited to the acute care setting. E) has a clinically focused doctoral degree in nursing, which provides prescriptive authority.
Answer: B,C
Q2) The Affordable Care Act of 2011:
A) requires that by 2020 all newly licensed nurses have a bachelor's degree at minimum. B) would provide health care benefits to millions who were previously uninsurable or unable to afford insurance.
C) caps the amount that hospitals and physicians can charge for procedures.
D) subsidizes private insurance companies, thereby reducing health care costs for individuals who have chronic or catastrophic illness such as cancer.
Answer: B
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3
Chapter 2: The Contemporary Image of Professional Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) With the crisis in health care and the nursing shortage, why is the image of nursing still important?
A) Nursing care is often delivered during a time of uncertainty, and the image of nurses during this time can reinforce trust in the nurse-patient relationship.
B) Physicians have a distinctive body of knowledge that identifies them as professionals, whereas nursing has yet to develop a unique body of knowledge on which to base practice.
C) Nurses must present a unified image if they hope to ever establish nursing as a profession.
D) The dynamic state of today's health care requires nurses to move from a caring image to one of technologic competence.
Answer: A
Q2) Which nurse best portrays nursing as a "knowledge worker"?
A) Nurse in matched scrubs with lab coat, hair back, small stud earrings
B) Nurse in mismatched scrubs, no lab coat, large hoop earrings
C) Nurse in white uniform with apron with no jewelry/hair back
D) Nurse with nose ring and eyebrow piercing with starched white uniform and cap
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: The Influence of Contemporary Trends and Issues on Nursing Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which trend is an effect of the nursing shortage on nursing education?
A) Only devoted qualified nurses are continuing to provide bedside nursing because of the complexity of care required, resulting in excellent preceptorships for students.
B) The number of applicants to nursing programs has risen, but enrollment is limited because of a decrease in the number of available scholarships and grants.
C) With an increase in the number of nurses who are entering graduate school to escape bedside nursing, students will soon enjoy a lower faculty/student ratio.
D) Students may be assigned to preceptors who have not yet developed expertise in the field of interest.
Answer: D
Q2) According to Lenburg, the use of practice-based assessments in nursing education is aimed toward the target of __________.
Answer: competence
The target that students need to meet to practice safely in today's complex health environment is achieving critical competencies and demonstrating of practice-based skills.
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Chapter 4: Nursing Licensure and Certification
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is completing the degree requirements for an advanced practice role as a nurse practitioner and is concerned about certification requirements. Which statement concerning certification for advanced practice is true?
A) All states require certification for all specialty roles that are identified as advanced practice.
B) Nurse anesthetists and nurse-midwives are the only advanced practice role that require certification in the state nurse practice acts.
C) Scope of practice remains unclear in state nurse practice acts due to the increasing number of new advanced practice roles.
D) Certification is automatic when the nurse applies for an advanced practice license.
Q2) To ensure that nursing legislation is current and is reviewed by specific dates, if a nurse practice act fails to be reviewed, it is automatically rescinded under which law?
A) Nurse review act
B) Sunset legislation
C) Mandatory revocation
D) Grandfathering
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Chapter 5: Theories of Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is heard making this comment, "I believe human dignity is based on perceived self-worth while caring is based on perceived role in society that forms the basis of nursing practice." This nurse is:
A) demonstrating a model of human dignity.
B) evaluating the relevance of Leininger's Theory.
C) applying Mishel's Theory of Disease Uncertainty.
D) making a proposition concerning the constructs of nursing practice.
Q2) A nurse is evaluating Levin's Theory of Conservation to determine if it can be applied to patients in the initial phases of chemotherapy treatment. During this phase of theory acceptance, the nurse wants to determine if all the concepts of energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity are included in the care of cancer treatment. The nurse is applying which criteria of theory acceptance?
A) Inclusiveness
B) Consistency
C) Accuracy
D) Fruitfulness
Q3) The basic ingredients of theory are ____________.
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Chapter 6: Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) The research hypothesis is that aromatherapy reduces stress more effectively than does acupuncture. The researcher does not identify a control group. This study would be a(n) _________ design.
A) experimental
B) quasi-experimental
C) survey
D) meta-analysis
Q2) A nurse interested in life satisfaction among patients receiving hemodialysis reviews databases and identifies relevant studies which are then statistically analyzed providing generalization through multiple studies. The nurse researcher is using which type of research?
A) Quasi-experimental
B) Secondary analysis
C) Meta-analysis
D) Survey
Q3) The use of research to guide nursing practice is called:
A) utilization.
B) dissemination.
C) generalizability.
D) analysis.
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Chapter 7: Paying for Health Care in America: Rising Costs and Challenges
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Sample Questions
Q1) The type of insurance that shifts the largest percentage of costs for goods and services to employees and consumers is _____________ insurance.
Q2) A patient is eligible to change health care providers and insurance and asks, "I am interested in health promotion activities; I walk, swim, and eat healthy. Which health insurance plan would support these activities rather than just pay for services when I am sick"? Which, if any, health insurance plan would best meet the needs of this patient?
A) Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)
B) Fee for Service
C) Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)
D) None, because health insurance plans currently cover only disease management, not preventive care.
Q3) An older adult client was admitted to the hospital with the condition classified as "pneumonia." Reimbursement was based on a predetermined fixed price. This classification system is referred to as:
A) diagnosis-related groups (DRGs).
B) subjective symptom management.
C) acuity classification system.
D) organized managed care.
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Chapter 8: Legal Issues in Nursing and Health Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) All hospitals receiving Medicare and Medicaid funds must ask clients whether they have a living will or a durable power of attorney. This act is known as the:
A) Emergency Treatment and Active Labor Law.
B) Americans With Disabilities Act.
C) Patient Self-Determination Act.
D) doctrine of res ipsa loquitur.
Q2) Although a hospital reversed all charges when a client was the victim of wrong site surgery, the court awarded the client $1.5 million. The client was able to return to work in 6 weeks and had no permanent damages. This monetary compensation is termed:
A) res ipsa loquitur.
B) punitive damages.
C) vicarious liability.
D) immunity.
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Chapter 9: Ethical and Bioethical Issues in Nursing and Health Care
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Q1) An older adult client is comatose and had one electroencephalogram that indicated no activity. The daughter is very distraught and notices her mother's hand moves when she is talking to her. The daughter asks the nurse, "Is mother responding to my voice?" The nurse, attempting to console the daughter, knows the movement was involuntary but states, "It does appear she did." The nurse is violating which principle of ethics?
A) Autonomy
B) Veracity
C) Utilitarianism
D) Deontology
Q2) Ethics applied to nursing can best be defined as:
A) doing what is best for the client.
B) making good decisions about care.
C) care based on what should be done in keeping with the values of the client.
D) rules for providing competent care that is based on scientific principles.
Q3) When assessing an ethical issue, the nurse must first:
A) ask, "What is the issue?"
B) identify all possible alternatives.
C) select the best option from a list of alternatives.
D) justify the choice of action or inaction.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Cultural Competency and Social Issues in
Nursing and
Health
Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is admitting a Mexican-American child, and the mother comments that the child was exposed to mal ojo. The nurse should expect to find which symptom associated with this exposure?
A) Fever
B) Nervous tension
C) Bruising
D) Somnolence
Q2) A nurse is submitting a grant application to improve access to health care and mortality for minority groups. The grant focuses on the six causes of death that are identified as priorities for minorities, which include:
A) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
B) malnutrition.
C) cirrhosis of the liver.
D) cancer.
Q3) Although communication varies among members of different cultures, the greatest obstacle to providing multicultural care is differences in _____.
Q4) On the scale from 1 to 10, with 1 being no prejudice and 10 being extreme prejudice, the placement of hate on the continuum would be at number _____.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Complementary and Alternative Healing
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Sample Questions
Q1) A young adult on a limited income who is having back pain states, "I want to see a chiropractor, but I don't have any money. However, I do have health insurance." The most appropriate response that the nurse can provide is:
A) "Most insurance companies will pay for chiropractic treatment."
B) "Because chiropractors are not licensed in any state, all services must be paid for by the patient."
C) "Chiropractic medicine is a new CAM therapy that has not yet been recognized by insurance companies."
D) "Chiropractic medicine is more than 100 years old, but because it is preventive in nature, it is not covered by most insurance."
Q2) A patient who is pregnant has used the herb feverfew for a history of migraine headaches. The nurse should provide teaching related to a risk for:
A) uterine contractions resulting in possible miscarriage.
B) reduced fetal growth.
C) insomnia.
D) tiredness the following day.
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13
Chapter 12: Workforce Advocacy and the Nursing Shortage
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act (2000):
A) employers ask nurses in managerial positions to evaluate safe needle devices.
B) registered nurses who sustain a needle stick are required to pass a test before resuming medication administration.
C) each state must determine the type of safe needle devices to be used.
D) employers are required to document how and where a sharps injury occurred, including the brand of device that was involved.
Q2) When reading about nursing as a career, a student is interested in learning about violence in the profession. Which statement accurately reflects violence in health care and the profession of nursing?
A) Nursing is the most trusted profession and therefore violence is rare.
B) Health care workers have the highest rates of nonfatal assault injuries in the workplace.
C) Physical violence between peers constitutes lateral violence; however, verbal assault is not recognized as violence.
D) Professional organizations have recognized a need to evaluate all nurses for the risk of committing acts of violence.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Collective Bargaining and Unions in
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Sample Questions
Q1) A group of nurses interested in unionizing decides to contact the largest union in the United States representing registered nurses, which is the:
A) American Nurses Association.
B) United American Nurses.
C) National Nurses United.
D) National Labor Relations Board.
Q2) A nurse has been asked to serve as the charge nurse on the evening shift. The agency where the nurse is employed is considering unionization. If the charge nurse position is accepted, this nurse:
A) can be represented by the union because charge nurses are not considered part of the management team.
B) is part of the management team, so union participation would be a conflict of interest.
C) can file a grievance that will be arbitrated automatically by the union.
D) is ineligible for collective bargaining activities that deal with unfair labor practices.
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Chapter 14: Information Technology in the Clinical Setting
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Sample Questions
Q1) A physician has installed a computer-based patient records system. An outside care provider who requests medical information must obtain the patient's signed consent and then is assigned a password to gain access to the medical information. A monthly audit is conducted to determine for whom and for what purpose patient records have been accessed. This protection is referred to as:
A) privacy.
B) confidentiality.
C) security.
D) data capture.
Q2) A nurse is preparing a scholarly publication on the prevalence of hepatitis A worldwide. The most efficient and effective means of conducting an Internet search to gather information for this publication is to use:
A) a search engine such as Google or Yahoo.
B) a consumer health website.
C) a decision support system.
D) MEDLINE database.
Q3) Software programs that process data to produce or recommend valid choices are known as ______________.
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16
Chapter 15: Emergency Preparedness and Response for
Todays World
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse at a school notices that several students have "blisters" on their bodies. Further investigation reveals that a terrorist incident has occurred, causing smallpox. If the chemical, biologic, radiologic, nuclear, and explosive (CBRNE) agent categories are used, this incident would be classified as:
A) chemical.
B) biologic.
C) radiologic.
D) nuclear.
Q2) Nurses and community officials are working together to ensure that churches and schools have needed supplies to provide shelter for large numbers of individuals in the event of a natural or manmade disaster. These activities represent which phase of a disaster continuum?
A) Preparedness
B) Relief response
C) Recovery
D) Crisis intervention
Q3) The term used during a pandemic disaster that refers to the attempt to contain germs by limiting socialization and personal interactions is ___________.
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Chapter 16: Nursing Leadership and Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) A director of nursing (DON) asks the staff to list how their nursing unit can help the organization meet its goal to "provide quality patient care with attention to compassion and excellence." An ad hoc committee is formed to develop a timeline of identified actions. The DON coaches the committee to reach desired outcomes. This DON is demonstrating which other role of leadership and management?
A) Transactional
B) Clinical consultant
C) Corporate supporter
D) Autocratic
Q2) Florence Nightingale is attributed with being intelligent (she developed statistical methods to evaluate health care ), dependable ( she often worked long hours to care for the injured ), and ambitious ( she fought against society's perception of nursing). Those who depict her as a leader on the basis of these qualities are practicing which leadership theory?
A) Trait
B) Chaos
C) Bureaucracy
D) Organizational
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Chapter 17: Budgeting Basics for Nurses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nurses on a unit met with the nurse manager as part of participatory budgeting. They ask, "What exactly is the difference between fixed and variable costs?
Understanding this will help us better understand the budgeting process." The manager provides a definition and asks the staff to list types of direct and indirect cost. Which example would indicate a need for further teaching?
A) Fixed costs would include accreditation fees.
B) Fixed cost would include the cost for the automated medication-dispensing system.
C) Variable cost would include the nurse manager's salary.
D) Variable cost would include the salary expense for registered nurses.
Q2) A nursing unit's census consists primarily of long-term residents with a high risk for falls. To meet new safety regulations, the nurse manager must plan to replace all 50 patient beds with new beds equipped with Fall Watch electronic sensors that will detect when patients get out of bed. The manager will be involved in which type of budgeting to replace the beds?
A) Fiscal
B) Labor
C) Operational
D) Capital
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Chapter 18: Effective Communication and Conflict Resolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which component of an e-mail shown below would be effective?
A) Subject: A short concise subject line: Meeting
B) Body: I would like you to solve these questions before the next meeting: Where would you like to meet? Do you want all the staff to attend? Can we serve refreshments? What is one goal for our unit?
C) Body: Dear Staff, As you know, each department must reduce staff by 2%. We will need to discuss how to inform unlicensed staff about the downsizing efforts of the hospital.
D) Body: The next staff meeting is scheduled for Tuesday, January 19, at 5:00PM in the first floor auditorium. Please send items for the agenda.
Sally Smith, MSN, RN, smith@hospital.org or ext. 5582
Q2) Which statement accurately describes communication?
A) The components of communication are mutually exclusive.
B) Communication is linear.
C) Communication involves only the sender and the receiver; everything else is superficial.
D) When the receiver becomes the sender, the subcomponent of communication that is in use is feedback.
Q3) The healthiest form of communication is the ________ style.
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Chapter 19: Effective Delegation and Supervision
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which task is appropriate for the RN to delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) provided the delegatee has had experience and training?
A) Evaluate the ability of a patient to swallow ice after a gastroscopy.
B) Assist a patient who is postoperative hip replacement to ambulate with a walker for the first time.
C) Change the disposable tracheotomy cannula for a new postoperative tracheotomy patient if secretions are thick and tenacious.
D) Obtain a sterile urine sample from a patient with a Foley catheter that is connected to a closed drainage system.
Q2) The RN instructs the LPN to "Give an enema to the patient in room 327 who is being discharged but is complaining of being constipated. Then be sure to document on the medication administration record when given." Which of the five rights was missing in this situation? The right of:
A) direction and communication.
B) task.
C) person.
D) circumstances.
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Chapter 20: Staffing and Nursing Care Delivery Models
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Q1) While participating in a task force to proactively plan for nursing care delivery over the next 20 years, a nurse learns that dramatic changes will occur as a result of: (Select all that apply.)
A) the increase in the number of minimally invasive procedures being performed for disease treatment.
B) care provided for patients over an extended period in acute care settings.
C) the reduction in the number of nurses and other health care professionals who are available to provide care.
D) the widespread illiteracy and decreased self-efficacy of the aging patient population.
E)the need to focus on social and environmental influences, educational level, and individual characteristics and values of the patient.
F) the devaluing of nursing as a means of improving patient outcomes.
Q2) Accrediting agencies such as The Joint Commission address staffing by:
A) imposing maximum staffing levels.
B) requiring a specific staff mix.
C) stipulating nurse-patient ratios.
D) looking for evidence that patients receive satisfactory care.
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Chapter 21: Quality Improvement and Patient Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) The number of IV site infections has more than doubled on a nursing unit. The staff determine common causes include the site is cleaned using inconsistent methods, dressing frequently becomes wet when patient showers, IV tubing is not changed every 48 hours per protocol, and inadequate hand washing of RN prior to insertion. A bar graph demonstrates the frequency in descending order, with 80% of infections being attributed to inadequate hand washing. The quality tool used is a:
A) cause-and-effect diagram.
B) run chart.
C) Pareto chart.
D) flowchart.
Q2) In differentiating between early efforts of quality assurance and present-day quality improvement efforts, which statement is correct? Quality assurance:
A) had a broad focus.
B) promoted problem-solving by all members of the health care team. C) was preventive in nature.
D) tended to occur as a reaction to a specific problem.
Q3) Quality is defined by the ____________.
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Chapter 22: Quality and Safety in Nursing Education in
Nursing: The QSEN Project
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Q1) A patient is ordered a low-protein, low-calorie diet but the patient's family brings fish, lentils, and unleavened bread for a meal to observe a cultural practice. The nurse works with the dietitian to adjust the next few meals to accommodate for this variance. This situation would represent:
A) a sentinel event.
B) an adverse event.
C) patient-centered care.
D) the communication technique of "call-out."
Q2) Nurses, physicians, and social workers finalize the plan of care and coordinate discharge for a homeless person who will need wound care and follow up over the next 4 weeks. Each member contributes based on his or her area of expertise but also recognize other members' strengths. Which of the QSEN competencies are being demonstrated?
A) Quality improvement
B) Evidence-based practice
C) Teamwork and collaboration
D) Patient-centered care
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Q1) Political action committees (PACs) are established for the purpose of:
A) financially supporting candidates.
B) persuading policymakers to support certain policies.
C) lobbying legislators.
D) recommending health care policy.
Q2) The greatest barrier to access to health care for a poor Hispanic person living in downtown Chicago is lack of health ____________________.
Q3) Members of a state's constituent member association meet at a local restaurant to plan a Nurse Walk to support the local food bank. When entering the restaurant, the nurses note the environmental inspection report shows deficiencies because food handlers were not wearing hairnets and rodents were spotted, resulting in a score of 60 out of 100. This certificate of inspection is health policy enforced at which level of government?
A) Local
B) State
C) Federal
D) International
Q4) Another name for an eligible voter is a _________.
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25
Chapter 24: Making the Transition from Student to Professional Nurse
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Q1) The novice nurse calls a supervisor and requests that a "float nurse" be assigned to help with all "assessments of new admissions and postoperative patients." The supervisor asks, "How many admissions and surgery patients have you received?" The novice nurse becomes flustered because she has not checked the census but simply bases the need on feeling overwhelmed. This situation best indicates a lack of _____ skills.
A) organizational
B) communication
C) interpersonal
D) clinical
Q2) A novice nurse is stressed due to always being behind with her assignments. She is overheard saying, "No one here worries about checking nasogastric tube placement before they give medications and hang feedings. Skipping that step would save me an extra 30 minutes to be used for charting. If they can do it, so can I." This nurse is experiencing which stage of reality shock?
A) loner.
B) "rutter."
C) change agent.
D) "native."
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Chapter 25: Managing Time: The Path to High
Self-Performance
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Q1) A nurse realizes that much time is wasted during shift report when co-workers discuss personal items such as recent movies or department store sales. Which statement would help with time management during this critical interaction?
A) "Let's talk only about one movie you recently watched."
B) "I like to know about department store sales, but we need to get through this report, so let's talk about sales as we walk between patient rooms."
C) "I know your shift has been busy. What went wrong?"
D) "I have the list of patients; let's start with revisions to the plan of care and scheduled activities for the next shift."
Q2) A nurse takes a day to travel to a state park where she can sit by the river alone to reflect over recent events and put things into perspective. She recalls the time she was complimented for her ability to deal with a difficult patient and another time when she was criticized for lack of teamwork. This nurse is improving which source of energy?
A) Emotional
B) Spiritual
C) Physical
D) Mental
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Chapter 26: Contemporary Nursing Roles and Career
Opportunities
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Q1) In differentiating between interprofessional and multidisciplinary:
A) multidisciplinary refers to the care of many diverse patients by one discipline.
B) interprofessional involves members of many disciplines working together to provide patient care to a distinct population.
C) interprofessional refers to members of the same discipline working together to provide patient care to a distinct population.
D) interprofessional is the use of multiple interventions by nurses with varying levels of education.
Q2) A nurse who is participating in a health fair asks, "Other than nursing, what are some opportunities for careers in the health care professions, and what education is required?" The nurse informs participants that a baccalaureate degree is required as the minimum standard for the role of:
A) speech therapist.
B) occupational therapist
C) nurse-midwife
D) nurse anesthetist.
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28
Chapter 27: Job Search: Finding Your Match
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Q1) Cover letters:
A) should signify an interest in the employer and let the employer know that you took time to research the organization.
B) must be handwritten so the employer can determine whether charting will be legible.
C) should be limited to one paragraph because time is of the essence.
D) let the employer know your desired salary, shift, and area of practice.
Q2) A new graduate arrives for the first interview feeling prepared and excited about beginning a nursing career but quickly becomes concerned when the recruiter asks which illegal question?
A) "Have you been convicted of a crime other than a minor traffic violation?"
B) "We are very interested in hiring you but you do understand the position is contingent on the results of the preemployment physical and background check?"
C) "What do you consider to be your major weaknesses for this particular position?"
D) "Because you are applying for a position in the operating room, you must be able to be on call. How many children do you have responsibility for at home?"
Q3) The key to a successful interview is being ____________.
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Chapter 28: NCLEX-RN Examination
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/10293
Sample Questions
Q1) A student nurse who is preparing to graduate and take the licensure examination asks, "What is compulsory licensure?" The appropriate response of the nursing advisor is which of the following?
A) All candidates wishing to take the licensure examination must pass a drug screen.
B) Candidates must not have a felony conviction.
C) To practice as an RN, the nurse must be licensed as an RN.
D) An impaired nurse must sign a legal document to acknowledge limitations on his or her practice.
Q2) The nurse prepares to apply sterile gloves needed for a procedure. After introducing self and verifying patient information, the nurse performs hand hygiene. The nurse should open the outer package and then perform steps in which order. Put a comma and space between each solve choice (for example: a, b, c, d).
A) Open inner package, taking care not to touch inner surface.
B) Put the glove on the nondominant hand using the sterile gloved hand.
C) Put glove on dominant hand by grasping folded cuff edge, touching only inside of cuff.
D) Adjust each glove carefully by sliding finders under the cuff.
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