Contemporary Issues in Mass Communication
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
This course explores pressing and evolving issues in the field of mass communication. Students will examine the impact of digital technologies, social media, and globalization on the dissemination of information, the role of mass media in shaping public opinion, and ethical challenges faced by media professionals. The course also addresses topics such as media ownership, representation, misinformation, and privacy concerns. Through case studies and critical analysis, students will develop a nuanced understanding of the complexities and responsibilities inherent in contemporary mass communication.
Recommended Textbook
Mass Communication Living in a Media World 7th Edition by Ralph E. Hanson
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15 Chapters
997 Verified Questions
997 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Living in a Media World: An Introduction to Mass Communication
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67 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Young people streaming their video game play on Twitch can have substantially larger audiences than programming on major cable television networks.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) An e-mail that you send to your mother telling her you could really use some homemade cookies would be called which of the following types of communication?
A)intrapersonal communication
B)interpersonal communication
C)group communication
D)mass communication
Answer: B
Q3) What is a heterogeneous audience?
Answer: An audience made up of a mix of people who differ in age,sex,income,and other demographic characteristics.
Q4) Define communication.
Answer: Communication is a process by which we interact with others using messages.
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Chapter 2: Mass Communication Effects: How Society and Media Interact
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56 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) A media scholar is trying to find out if the editorial focus of a television station's news programming changed after it was purchased by a large media conglomerate.What kind of effects is this scholar looking for?
A)message effects
B)media effects
C)ownership effects
D)active audience effects
Answer: C
Q2) Godwin's Law argues that online discussions that go on long enough eventually ______.
A)die out for lack of interest
B)reach a reasonable conclusion based on a wide range of viewpoints
C)are reduced to threats of violence
D)end comparing people to Hitler or Nazis
Answer: D
Q3) When Omarosa Manigault Newman became famous while she was on the television reality show The Apprentice,she had her reputation built by the ______ function of the media.
Answer: Status conferral.
Page 4
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Chapter 3: The Media Business: Consolidation, Globalization,
and the Long Tail
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Sample Questions
Q1) In addition to selling phones,tablets and computers,name two other sources of revenue for Apple.
Answer: Music,movies,software (apps),and streaming video-viewing device.
Q2) A CD has to sell at least four copies a year in order to justify the shelf space it takes up in a local big box store.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Short-head media excel at delivering which of the following?
A)a limited amount of content to a large audience
B)a wide range of content to a wide range of people
C)products from the small,independent media
D)books and songs that have been out of print for several years
Answer: A
Q4) Long-tail media are characterized by which of the following?
A)a high number of goods
B)a low cost of reaching markets
C)ease of finding obscure products
D)all of these
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Books: The Birth of the Mass Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) A writing system where abstract symbols stand for an object or idea is which of the following?
A)ideographs
B)pictographs
C)phonography
D)alphabets
Q2) One reason that independent bookstores grew in popularity over the last several years is because they have a good understanding of the types of books their customers like.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary took approximately ______ years to produce.
A)10
B)30
C)70
D)90
Q4) Scriptoria was an early typeface designed by Gutenberg.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Magazines: The Power of Words and Images
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Sample Questions
Q1) Advertising designed to look like editorial content in a magazine is known as ______.
A)church and state advertising
B)social advertising
C)native advertising
D)cooperative advertising
Q2) What magazine gave women their first opportunity to publish articles under their own names?
Q3) Over its first 50 years,Sports Illustrated featured ______ African American women on the cover of their famous swimsuit issue.
Q4) In a brief essay,explain how the popular short story "Cat Person" by Kristen Roupenian published in The New Yorker could be seen as a prime example of Secret 5 --All media are social.
Q5) Name at least two of the three major sources of magazine income.
Q6) What do ESPN The Magazine,People,and Forbes all have in common?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Newspapers and the News: Reflection of a
Democratic Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) The biggest number of newspapers in the United States would be considered ______.
A)national newspapers
B)metropolitan newspapers
C)state newspapers
D)local newspapers
Q2) New York newspapers owned by William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer competed for readers using sensational stunts.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In a brief essay,discuss how "Secret 3--Everything from the margin moves to the center" partially explains the decline of gay media.
Q4) When reporters focus on the importance of the president or prime minister,they are representing the journalistic value of ______.
A)altruistic democracy
B)responsible capitalism
C)social order
D)leadership
Q5) Who was the Yellow Kid?
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Chapter 7: Audio: Music and Talk Across Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most popular radio drama of the late 1920s was ______.
A)The Guiding Light
B)The Shadow
C)Amos 'n' Andy
D)Focus on Africa
Q2) As shock jock Howard Stern has gotten older,he has gained a reputation as a serious and insightful interviewer.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How does notated music differ from non-notated music?
Q4) Who are the major providers of consumer satellite radio in the United States?
Q5) What medium did Guglielmo Marconi help invent?
A)television
B)motion pictures
C)recording industry
D)radio
Q6) KDKA was the United States' first commercial radio station.
A)True
B)False
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Q7) List two reasons why 12" vinyl LP albums have staged a resurgence in popularity.
Chapter 8: Movies: Mass Producing Entertainment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which movie established the basic rules for cinematic storytelling that are still used today?
Q2) Among the earliest movie stars in the United States was which of the following?
A)Harry Warner
B)Humphrey Bogart
C)Florence Lawrence
D)Natalie Portman
Q3) List two of the many problems filmmakers faced when they went from silent to talking films.
Q4) In a brief essay,explain why writer/director James Mangold wanted to have Logan,the final Wolverine movie from the X-Men series,to be rated R.
Q5) The movie The Fault in Our Stars was a profitable hit because ______.
A)it had a big name cast of stars and a big budget
B)it had a small budget and a built-in fan base from the young adult novel it was based on
C)it was released in 3-D,which allowed theaters to charge more for tickets
D)You can't fool me;The Fault in Our Stars was a box office flop.
Q6) What makes a movie profitable? In a brief essay,discuss the major elements that decide whether a movie will be a financial success.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Television: Broadcast and Beyond
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a brief essay,explain how personal streaming services like Periscope transform how we can view and receive news.Use examples.
Q2) The popular children's educational program Sesame Street made the switch from public television to HBO in 2015 for first-run episodes because they would ______.
A)be able to produce approximately twice as many episodes per year
B)be paid more to produce the episodes for HBO
C)be better able to distribute their programs to mobile devices
D)all of these
Q3) Cable television was initially developed as a way of doing which of the following?
A)providing uncensored movies in the home
B)delivering broadcast television signals to communities with poor reception
C)increasing revenue for the NCAA basketball tournament
D)delivering networks like TNT,CNN,and MTV
Q4) Who received the first patents for all-electronic television broadcasting?
Q5) Name two ways that consumers can watch video on demand in their homes.
Q6) List two different reasons a child might watch television.
Q7) When did digital television replace all-analog broadcasting in the United States?
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Chapter 10: Online Media: The Internet, Social Media, and Video Games
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Sample Questions
Q1) ARPAnet,a predecessor of the Internet,was created to do which of the following?
A)allow incompatible computers to talk with each other
B)provide the military with a network that could survive nuclear war
C)serve as a medium for advertising clothing
D)allow people to share music,movies,and television programs
Q2) On a website,cookies are which of the following?
A)visitors to the website
B)the address of the website
C)ads that pop-up or under the main window
D)files used to identify and track visitors at websites
Q3) HTML consists of a series of tags that say how text ought to be represented,where graphics should be placed,and what links should be included.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Name two ways that Russian propagandists reportedly interfered with the 2016 U.S.presidential election.
Q5) In a brief essay,discuss how cell phones and user-generated video sites such as YouTube can be used as a channel for citizen journalism.
Q6) What is citizen journalism?
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Chapter 11: Advertising: Selling a Message
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Sample Questions
Q1) The advertising agency department responsible for deciding where to place the advertising is which of the following?
A)research and planning
B)creative activity
C)media planning
D)none of these
Q2) An example of an advocacy ad would be which of the following?
A)an ad selling cleaning services to hotels
B)a political ad promoting reduced government spending
C)an ad by Honda promoting corporate responsibility through the fuel efficiency of its line of SUVs
D)a local grocery store ad for fresh produce
Q3) What is the central conflict companies' face when they hire you YouTube stars to help promote their brand.Provide an example.
Q4) Consumers will often pay more for a product that has a premium image attached to it by advertising.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Define the term economy of abundance.
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Chapter 12: Public Relations: Interactions, Relationships, and the News
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Sample Questions
Q1) People who buy your company's products would be which of the following?
A)internal publics
B)external publics
C)media outlet
D)none of these
Q2) Today,the central notion of public relations is the model of two-way interaction between an institution and its publics.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Before the 1920s press agents mostly just worked at getting publicity for their clients as opposed to creating an image.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Telephone companies and electric utilities were among the last businesses to start actively using public relations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Name a way in which the Internet makes public relations more difficult.
Q6) What distinguishes modern public relations from press agentry?
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Chapter 13: Media Law: Free Speech and Fairness
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Sample Questions
Q1) In media law,what is prior restraint?
Q2) The USA PATRIOT Act allows the FBI to examine individual's health-care records,Internet use,and library records.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Apple CEO Tim Cook argues that the company did the right thing to protect privacy on their smartphones when they made the encryption on them strong enough that neither the company nor the police could break into it without the owner's permission.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In the case of Roth v.United States,the U.S.Supreme Court handed down which of the following rulings?
A)Obscenity is not protected by the First Amendment.
B)All sexually explicit material is obscene.
C)It is illegal to publish an article about how to build a nuclear bomb.
D)High school principals are allowed to censor a student newspaper for "any legitimate educational purpose."
Q5) What are the four forms of invasion of privacy in the United States?
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Chapter 14: Media Ethics: Truthfulness, Fairness, and Standards of Decency
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Sample Questions
Q1) A reporter has decided when writing a story that it is necessary to talk to sources on two sides of an issue.When the reporter makes this ethical decision,the reporter is making use of which of the following?
A)Kant's categorical imperative
B)Aristotle's golden mean
C)Rawls's veil of ignorance
D)John Stuart Mill's principle of utility
Q2) The term sensationalism in journalism means which of the following?
A)covering events that are stimulating and interesting
B)covering the events that are most important to the nation
C)covering everyday events in a way that makes them interesting to the public at large
D)covering events that are lurid and highly emotional
Q3) The term morals means which of the following?
A)a way of justifying behavior that cannot otherwise be justified
B)"the just-right point between excess and defect"
C)a rational means of decision-making when both alternatives are equally attractive or unattractive
D)a religious or philosophical code of behavior
Q4) What is Aristotle's golden mean?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Global Media: Communication Around the World
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Sample Questions
Q1) The media in the United States are unique in the world for which of the following reasons?
A)Most media in the United States are government sponsored.
B)Most media in the United States are privately owned.
C)Most media in the United States are nonprofit.
D)none of these
Q2) Satellite television is largely unavailable in the Arab world.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The ______ theory of the press states that the press should be as free as possible but that it also has an obligation to serve the needs of the public at large.
A)authoritarian
B)libertarian
C)communist
D)social responsibility
Q4) In a brief essay,explain why the late Marie Colvin felt it was important for her to risk her life covering stories about the lives of ordinary people living in war zones.
Q5) What are the two most prominent languages for newspapers in Africa?
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