Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice Pre-Test
Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores current and emerging issues within the field of criminal justice, focusing on how social, political, and technological changes impact law enforcement, courts, and corrections systems. Students examine topics such as criminal justice reform, the intersection of race and justice, the influence of media on public perception, advancements in forensic science, and debates over policy and practice. Through critical analysis of case studies and recent research, the course encourages students to engage with and evaluate the complexities facing the criminal justice system today, preparing them to thoughtfully address challenges in their future careers.
Recommended Textbook
Criminal Justice in Canada 7th Edition by Colin Goff
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13 Chapters
1952 Verified Questions
1952 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: An Overview of the Criminal Justice System in Canada
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the Law Reform Commission,what is the reality of the criminal justice system?
A)"reality surpasses aspiration"
B)"reality equals aspiration"
C)"no correlation exists between reality and aspiration"
D)"reality falls short of aspiration"
Answer: D
Q2) The Canadian Police Information Centre (CPIC)is an automated national computer system used by all Canadian police services.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Our criminal justice system was developed by the state due to alleged and actual violations of criminal law.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Discuss the benefits and limitations to the adversarial system.
Answer: Answers will vary.
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Criminal Law and Criminal Justice in Canada
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of offence gives prosecutors the discretion to decide whether they wish to proceed with a case as either a summary conviction offence or an indictable offence?
A)provincial
B)less serious indictable
C)municipal
D)hybrid
Answer: D
Q2) Kim was suffering from a mental disorder when she commited an offence.What was missing from the act?
A)actus rea
B)mens reus
C)intent
D)concurrence
Answer: B
Q3) Procedural safeguards ensure the police and courts are protected from criminals.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Control Philosophy and Criminal Justice Policy
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following offences requires offenders to give a DNA sample?
A)home invasion
B)hostage taking
C)breaking and entering
D)sexual assault
Answer: D
Q2) Which ideology sees harsher punishments through mandatory prison sentences as well as extended prison sentences?
A)tough on crime
B)law and order
C)more time for the crime
D)harsh and hard
Answer: B
Q3) The selective incapacitation approach focuses on individuals classified as chronic,career,or repeat offenders.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Crime Rates, Crime Trends, and Criminal
Victimization in Canada
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193 Verified Questions
193 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the criticisms of victimization surveys is that the rate of underreporting is distributed evenly in society.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In the GSS,the primary unit of count is criminal victimization.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What was the most common firearm used in a homicide in 2013?
A)rifle
B)shotgun
C)sawed-off shotgun
D)handgun
Q4) According to the 2009 General Social Survey,what age group was most likely to report a household victimization to the police?
A)55 years or older
B)45 to 54 years
C)25 to 34 years
D)15 to 24 years
Page 6
Q5) Discuss the nature and extent of forcible confinement in Canada today.
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Chapter 5: The Context of Policing
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Niederhoffer,police officers with higher levels of education were less cynical than those officers whose highest level of formal education was a high school degree.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is NOT one of the types of plural policing identified by Loader (2000)?
A)policing by government
B)policing beyond government
C)policing with government
D)policing through government
Q3) Which of the following is a component of the professional model of policing?
A)creating generalized crime-fighting units
B)creating more foot patrols
C)creating patrol systems based on crime rates
D)hiring high school graduates
Q4) The formal separation of police from the community occurred during the late 19th century.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Practice of Policing
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Police officers working in the social agent police style are expected by residents to provide protection from outsiders and to respond to their concerns.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What type of investigation by detectives includes locating people who may have witnessed the crime but are no longer at the scene?
A)location
B)routine
C)tertiary
D)secondary
Q3) From Table 6.2 in the textbook,which compares the various policing models in terms of social interaction or structural dimension,what is the model that has a mixed form of intervention?
A)traditional policing
B)community policing
C)problem-oriented policing
D)zero tolerance policing
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Page 8
Chapter 7: The Police and the Law
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170 Verified Questions
170 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following police accountability systems allows police to investigate complaints against themselves?
A)early warning systems
B)civil liability
C)internal investigations
D)civilian oversight
Q2) Which of the following is NOT examined when determining the reasonableness of a search?
A)whether the information predicting the commission of a criminal offence was compelling
B)whether the information was based on a credible informant's tip
C)whether the information was corroborated by a police investigation before the decision to conduct the search was made
D)whether the information was obtained by unnecessary force
Q3) Explain section 25 of the Criminal Code surrounding "as much force as is necessary." Discuss the problems and subsequent mechanisms surrounding the phrase.
Q4) Define search and seizure.Identify the main elements of R.v.Stillman and discuss its impact upon the Canadian criminal justice system.
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9
Chapter 8: Pretrial Criminal Procedure
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133 Verified Questions
133 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The defence has an obligation to assist the prosecution in a court case.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Once an accused is convicted and further proceedings take place on the basis of the conviction,there still can be a chance for an additional jury trial.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of plea bargaining?
A)increases the efficiency of our criminal justice system
B)reduces operating costs
C)the wrong person might plead guilty
D)reduces trauma felt by victims
Q4) In 2013,Mr.Justice F.Iacobucci reported that jury selection for identifying potential jurors in Ontario was representative of First Nations peoples living on reserves.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the various steps in the process of selecting a jury.Highlight who is responsible for the various steps in the process.
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Chapter 9: The Courts and Criminal Trial Procedure
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139 Verified Questions
139 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the role of the Supreme Court of Canada when it uses its authority to interpret the law?
A)lawmaker
B)judicial
C)justice
D)law interpreter
Q2) The main goal of the bureaucratic function model is to achieve justice through deterrence and lengthy punishments.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The majority of cases heard at the Supreme Court of Canada are by way of "as of right" appeals.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If a trial does not involve a jury,the opening statements will be lengthier to the judge.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List and explain who and how appeals work in Canada's criminal justice system.
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Chapter 10: Sentences and Dispositions
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158 Verified Questions
158 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was the median length for a period of custody across Canada in 2011-12?
A)15 days
B)30 days
C)45 days
D)60 days
Q2) Cameron is before the judge to hear what his sentence will be.Before reaching her decision,the judge takes into consideration that Cameron has affiliation and activity with a gang.What type of circumstance does this exemplify?
A)mitigating
B)aggravating
C)moderating
D)diminishing
Q3) In the Yukon case R.v.Moses,what was noted as a potential benefit of sentencing circles?
A)a reduced sense of responsibility
B)increased monopoly of professionals
C)increased information flow
D)low participation is encouraged
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Chapter 11: Offenders Supervised in the Community
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151 Verified Questions
151 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fines are commonly used as the most severe sanction in the category of crimes against the person.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Reporting to a probation officer is an optional condition of probation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Electronic monitoring and home confinement are the most used options of conditional sentencing.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What was the most common offence in the category of crimes against property receiving the sentence of probation during 2011-12?
A)break and enter
B)mischief
C)theft under $5,000
D)fraud
Q5) Why were problem-solving courts created,and what are their main features? Use the example of the mental health courts to back up your answer.
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Chapter 12: Corrections in Canada
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153 Verified Questions
153 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first panopticon was built in England,the home of Bentham.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the major theme of the inmate social code according to Sykes and Messinger?
A)group solidarity
B)a mentality
C)a hierarchical structure
D)corruption
Q3) What model did the federal government merge with the reintegration model in the 1990s?
A)deterrence
B)medical
C)risk prediction
D)restorative
Q4) The type of security that focuses upon the interactions between people is known as dynamic security.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Community Reintegration
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Overall,older offenders are a medium risk to reoffend.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Danielle was looking at the effectiveness of treatment programs for youth offenders.Where did she find the greatest reductions in reoffending after reading the study conducted by Lipsey?
A)when higher-risk offenders were treated
B)when medium-risk offenders were treated
C)when low-risk offenders were treated
D)when chronic offenders were treated
Q3) Which of the following needs is NOT one that Andrews (1989)found can be dealt with in a rehabilitative program?
A)antisocial attitudes
B)employment and career prospects
C)antisocial peer associations
D)increased self-control,self-management,and problem-solving skills
Q4) All offenders are adequately supervised in the community.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the reintegration approach in detail.
Page 15
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