Contemporary Issues in Biology
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Contemporary Issues in Biology explores current and emerging topics that impact the biological sciences and society. This course examines pressing issues such as genetic engineering, biotechnology, climate change, biodiversity loss, infectious diseases, and ethical considerations in biological research. Students will engage with recent scientific developments, analyze their societal implications, and discuss the challenges and opportunities presented by advances in biology. The course encourages critical thinking and informed debate, preparing students to understand and evaluate the rapidly evolving landscape of modern biology.
Recommended Textbook
Biology of Humans Concepts Applications and Issues 4th Edition by Judith Goodenough
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34 Chapters
1618 Verified Questions
1618 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Humans in the World of Biology
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48 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Researchers testing new drugs usually give the drug to one group of people and give placebos,"sugar pills," to another group.The group receiving the placebo ________.
A)is needed so that the test will be repeated enough times
B)is the control group
C)constitutes the experimental group
D)is a backup in case some of the people getting the drug drop out of the test
Answer: B
Q2) A nondrug substance made to look like a real drug.
A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
Answer: I
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Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes to Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) You received your genetic material from your parents in the form of DNA.Your DNA provides your cells with instruction for making ________.
A)lipids
B)proteins
C)polysaccharides
D)cholesterol
Answer: B
Q2) The Cl ion has a single negative charge and the atomic number of 17.How many electrons are on its innermost shell?
A)18
B)17
C)9
D)2
Answer: D
Q3) A substance that,when disassociated in water,will give off hydrogen ions is referred to as a(n)________.
Answer: acid
Q4) Partially hydrogenated fats are also referred to as ________ fats. Answer: trans
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Chapter 3: The Cell
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Sample Questions
Q1) From which of these processes does the cell get the most ATP?
A)glycolysis
B)pyruvate decarboxylation
C)fermentation
D)electron transport
Answer: D
Q2) The first phase in normal cellular respiration and the only one occurring in the cytoplasm is called ________.
A)citric acid cycle
B)glycolysis
C)electron transport
D)None of the above
Answer: B
Q3) The organelle known as the ________ makes phospholipids.
Answer: smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Q4) Cellular structures that function in movement and consist of numerous short hair-like extensions from the cell are called ________.
Answer: cilia
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Chapter 4: Body Organization and Homeostasis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following tissues covers the body surfaces,lines the body cavities and organs,and forms glands?
A)muscle
B)nervous
C)epithelial
D)connective
Q2) The epithelial cells that function in secretion or absorption and that are found in many glands and in the kidney tubules are ________.
A)squamous
B)cuboidal
C)columnar
D)stratified
Q3) Cartilage that forms at the end of long bones and functions to allow bones to slide past each other during movement is called which of the following?
A)elastic
B)fibrocartilage
C)bone
D)hyaline
Q4) ________ muscle tissue is involuntary and has branching cells with striations.
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Chapter 5: The Skeletal System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are the bones that form the bridge of the nose?
A)occipital
B)sphenoid
C)nasal
D)temporal
Q2) Astronauts returning to Earth from an extended stay in space have to be extremely careful or they could break a bone.It takes several weeks to restore normal bone strength.Which would be the best regimen to rebuild the lost bone tissue?
A)Nothing special is needed, just lie around and watch TV.
B)Hit the gym and get going, with a few weeks of heavy weight lifting.
C)Several weeks of swimming will rebuild all lost bone mass.
D)Start with walking and build up to jogging, with an extra regimen of light weight lifting in the gym.
Q3) Briefly explain osteoporosis and what preventative measures can be taken to reduce a person's risk of this condition.
Q4) Fluid-filled sacs known as ________ function to cushion certain joints,such as the elbow joint.
Q5) The ________ is the site in long bones that stores fatty tissue used for energy.
Q6) Behind the palate lie two ________ that form the roof of a human's mouth.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Muscular System
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is a sustained powerful contraction of a muscle that results from frequent stimulation with no time between stimuli for relaxation.
Q2) How do calcium ions affect muscle contractions?
Q3) Muscle ________ are too short to be part of normal body movement but can generate heat,for example during shivering.
Q4) Some insecticides interfere with the removal of acetylcholine from the synaptic cleft.What effect will this have on muscle contraction?
A)The muscle cell will lose all of its supply of calcium.
B)The muscle cell will be unable to be stimulated again.
C)The muscle cell will be in a state of constant stimulation, leading to a tetany response.
D)The muscle cell will have a single twitch and will be unable to contract again.
Q5) What causes delayed onset muscle soreness?
A)exercise in which a muscle lengthens while it contracts
B)walking on level ground
C)running on level ground
D)gentle stretching
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8
Chapter 7: Neurons: the Matter of the Mind
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Sample Questions
Q1) Axons and dendrites,or both,arranged in bundles and covered by connective tissue are ________.
Q2) Your sister Henriette has little muscle strength.Her doctor says she has an autoimmune disease but you didn't quite catch the name the physician gave for the illness.Looking at this chapter,what do you think the diagnosis is?
A)Alzheimer's
B)schizophrenia
C)senility
D)myasthenia gravis
Q3) Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder in which fat deposits build up in nerve cells,leading to a slow loss of function.Because this usually strikes children under 1 year of age,the symptoms are not immediately apparent.Think about what this condition would cause in terms of symptoms.List some that you think are possible.What would be the inevitable end result as the disease progresses?
Q4) If a drug had the side effect of destroying dopamine-producing neurons,what effect would this have on a person?
Q5) What is the function of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?
Q6) During an action potential,the ________ ions rush into the axon.
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Chapter 8: The Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ of the cerebral cortex sends messages to the skeletal muscles in order to control voluntary movement.
Q2) You are generally not aware of the texture of the cloth of your shirt as it rests on your shoulders,unless someone or something happens to make you think of it.What part of the brain is responsible for filtering out such stimuli?
A)reticular activating center
B)primary motor area
C)postcentral gyrus
D)cerebellum
Q3) Your neighbor tried to lift a propane tank onto the back of his pickup truck and ruptured the cartilaginous disk between two of his vertebrae.What is most likely to happen to him?
A)He will have bloody stools.
B)He will suffer pain from a compressed spinal nerve.
C)He might have severe brain damage.
D)His spinal nerve cord will enlarge.
Q4) Arnold was involved in a major traffic accident and some of his spinal nerves were cut.What are his chances for a full recovery? Please explain your answer.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Sensory Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The correct sequence of sound waves in the ear is ________.
A)stapes > eardrum > malleus > oval window
B)malleus > incus > stapes > oval window
C)eardrum > stapes > incus > malleus > inner ear
D)auditory tube > incus > malleus > stapes > eardrum
Q2) This layer of the eye contains melanin and arteries that provide other parts with nutrients and oxygen.
A)iris
B)retina
C)choroid
D)sclera
Q3) If light strikes a photopigment,the photoreceptor cell will decrease the amount of ________ it is releasing.
Q4) The photoreceptors are most tightly packed into a specific part of the retina called the ________.
A)optic nerve
B)fovea
C)ciliary body
D)choroid
Q5) ________,one type of sensory structure,detect muscle length.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: The Endocrine System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Parathyroid hormone causes the blood calcium level to rise,but calcitonin causes those levels to fall.The relationship between the two hormones is described as ________.
A)expressive
B)antagonistic
C)synergistic
D)permissive
Q2) The ________ is a shield-shaped structure in the front of the neck that is deep red in color because of its extensive blood supply.
Q3) Eric was working very hard in the dry,hot boiler room and sweating a lot.Under these conditions,which of the following might Eric be experiencing?
A)He would have decreased hydrocortisone.
B)He would have increased oxytocin.
C)He would have increased antidiuretic hormone.
D)He would have decreased thyroxin.
Q4) When the concentration of sodium in the blood becomes too high,hormonal mechanisms come into play to counteract this dangerous condition.This type of response is called ________.
Q5) Follicle-stimulating hormone originates from the ________ gland.
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Chapter 11: Blood
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Sample Questions
Q1) To which of the following substances does hemoglobin most readily bind?
A)oxygen
B)bilirubin
C)carbon monoxide
D)erythropoietin
Q2) Emery was in a serious accident and had to have a large part of his stomach surgically removed.He needed a transfusion at first but soon he healed.However,after his recovery,he started having anemia.Why did he develop anemia and how can this form of anemia be treated?
Q3) Long protein strands that form a web that traps blood cells and platelets to form a clot are called ________.
Q4) If a person cannot make enough of the plasma protein ________,then they might have problems with water balance.
Q5) ________ is the group of white blood cells that lacks visible granules in the cytoplasm.Included in this group are monocytes and lymphocytes.
Q6) Clots are dissolved by an enzyme called ________ after the wound has healed.
Q7) A diet very low in iron may mean that a person cannot make the formed elements called ________.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) What function do the veins have and how do these vessels compare with the arteries?
Q2) The left side of the heart pumps blood through the ________,which transports blood to and from body tissues.
Q3) If the connective tissue in the ventricles,called ________,give way,blood may go backwards through the AV valves:
Q4) The lowest blood pressure that occurs when the ventricles are relaxing is known as ________.
A)diastolic pressure
B)systolic pressure
C)aneurysm
D)arterial pressure
Q5) An infection of the thin layer of tissue around the inner cavities of the heart itself would affect the ________.
A)pericardium
B)endocardium
C)myocardium
D)sinoatrial node
Q6) Why do physicians often examine the lymph nodes of cancer patients?
14
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Chapter 13: Body Defense Mechanisms
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Sample Questions
Q1) A (n)________ is an overreaction by the immune system to an antigen.
Q2) Which of the following is capable of resetting the thermostat of the body to cause a fever?
A)antigen
B)perforin
C)complement
D)pyrogen
Q3) Small mobile connective tissues cells that,along with basophils,release histamine,which causes redness at the site of damage or illness.
A)Eosinophils
B)Autoimmune disorders
C)Third line of defense
D)Neutrophils
E)Plasma cells
F)Second line of defense
G)Cytotoxic T cells
H)First line of defense
I)Mast cells
Q4) ________ are organisms capable of invading the body and causing disease.
Q5) ________ are lymphocytes that mature in the thymus.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: The Respiratory System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A rise in the blood concentration of hydrogen ions will cause ________.
A)increased vagus nerve impulses
B)relaxation of the diaphragm
C)increased breathing rate
D)decreased breathing rate
Q2) The ________ are muscles of the rib cage that help to increase the size of the thoracic cavity during inhalation.
Q3) The maximum amount of air that can be moved into and out of the lungs during forceful breathing is called ________.
A)tidal volume
B)residual volume
C)vital capacity
D)total lung capacity
Q4) Most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as ________.
Q5) What would happen if the trachea did not have cartilaginous rings?
A)Filtration of incoming air would be lost.
B)Incoming air would not be humidified.
C)Sense of smell would be lost and food would taste funny.
D)The trachea would collapse.
Q6) The pitch of the voice depends on the tension of the ________.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: The Digestive System
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Sample Questions
Q1) This organ in the digestive system functions to store food and break down proteins before transferring chyme to the duodenum.
A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
Q2) The ________ is connected to the GI tract and has no digestive function,but may have a role in the defense of the body against disease.
Q3) The innermost lining of the gastrointestinal tract is the ________.
A)serosa
B)muscularis
C)submucosa
D)mucosa
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Page 17
Chapter 16: The Urinary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A portion of the renal tubule that resembles a hairpin turn that may have short loops or long loops is called the ________.
Q2) If water were flowing from area "A" to area "B" through a semipermeable membrane,we might expect area "B" to be ________ in solute concentration compared to "A."
Q3) The elimination of carbon dioxides and water and body heat occurs in this system.
A)Respiratory
B)Urinalysis
C)Urinary
D)Kidneys
E)Tubular secretion
F)Nephrons
G)Digestive
H)Urinary bladder
I)Urethra
J)Ureters
Q4) The portion of the nephron that filters blood is called the ________.
Q5) Relaxation of the ________ releases urine from the body.
Q6) ________ refers to a decrease or complete cessation of glomerular filtration.
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Chapter 17: Reproductive Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many chromosomes are provided to a zygote from each gamete?
A)23
B)46
C)46 pairs
D)None of the above
Q2) The secretion of the ________ gland is alkaline to counteract the acidity of the female reproductive tract.
Q3) The ________ are tubes that conduct sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.
Q4) The ________ is the layer in the uterus where an embryo should implant.
Q5) Cells that are located between the seminiferous tubules of the testis and whose function is to produce androgens are called ________.
Q6) Using fertility awareness as a means of birth control requires a detailed understanding of the female reproductive cycle.Given what you know about the cycle,when exactly should a woman avoid sex to prevent pregnancy if she is relying on fertility awareness? Make sure to explain your answer.What are the challenges to this method of birth control?
Q7) The ________ serves for sperm storage and maturation in males.
Q8) The hormones FSH and LH are produced by the ________.
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Q9) The ________ are the structures that occur between the ovaries and the uterus.
Chapter 18: Development Throughout Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following maintains the corpus luteum and stimulates it to continue to produce the hormone progesterone?
A)human chorionic gonadotropin
B)progesterone
C)estrogen
D)testosterone
Q2) The process of morphogenesis in development begins ________ after fertilization.
A)12 weeks
B)immediately
C)3 weeks
D)20 weeks
Q3) Primordial germ cells can be found in the ________.
A)yolk sac
B)chorion
C)allantois
D)placenta
Q4) A significant percentage of pre-embryos fail to continue their development or to implant in the uterus.Explain what may happen to prevent development from continuing.
Q5) What are some of the possible factors associated with aging?
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Chapter 19: Chromosomes and Cell Division
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which phase does the chromatin condense into chromosomes,the nuclear membrane disintegrates,and the centrioles migrate to the poles as spindle fibers are organized?
A)interphase
B)anaphase
C)prophase
D)telophase
Q2) An entire cell cycle can be completed in about ________.
A)1-2 hours
B)24 hours
C)48 hours
D)1 week
Q3) Explain two important sources of genetic variation in meiosis.Evolutionarily speaking,why do you think is it important that there is recombination of the genes in meiosis?
Q4) The ________ are the 23rd pair of chromosomes that carry the traits that determine gender.
Q5) Crossing over in Prophase I and ________ in Metaphase I increase the genetic variation from one generation to another.
Page 21
Q6) The preparation for cell division that precedes mitosis is called ________.
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Chapter 20: Genetics and Human Inheritance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is Duchenne muscular dystrophy less common in females than males?
Q2) If your parents are heterozygous for a gene,what is the chance that you will have at least one copy of it?
A)0%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%
Q3) An individual with the genotype AaBbCC is able to produce what type of gametes?
A)A,B,a,b or C
B)Aa, Bb or Cc
C)ABC, AbC, aBC, or abC
D)AaBbCC
Q4) Babies were accidentally switched at the hospital! Mr.and Mrs.Fire both have type O blood.Which of the following four babies of the same age is most likely the Fire child?
A)baby with type A
B)baby with type B
C)baby with type AB
D)baby with type O
Q5) What are the ethical and legal issues involved with gene testing?
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Chapter 21: Dna and Biotechnology
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Sample Questions
Q1) A group of identical organisms that are all descendants from a single ancestor is known as a(n)________.
Q2) Why is DNA replication semi-conservative?
Q3) The genetic code only works because each codon is read in a specific manner that results in the correct amino acid being placed in that particular spot.What physically places each amino acid by matching up the correct codon?
A)tRNA
B)mRNA
C)DNA
D)rRNA
Q4) Which chemical carries the DNA's instructions for synthesizing a particular protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?
A)transfer RNA
B)messenger RNA
C)RNA transcriptase
D)ribosomal RNA
Q5) Genetically modified (GM)salmon have now been approved for sale in the United States.What concerns do you think people may have?
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Chapter 22: Evolution and Our Heritage
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Sample Questions
Q1) A hominin thought to have displayed facultative bipedalism.
A)Latin binomial
B)Homo erectus
C)Chimpanzees
D)Neanderthals
E)Australopithecus africanus
F)Astragalus
G)Convergent evolution
H)Ardipithecus ramidus
I)Founder effect
J)Homo habilis
Q2) A(n)________ is a group of individuals of the same species that live in a particular area.
Q3) The Abuja family had 10 children by 1950,but due to ill health,there is now only one surviving grandchild.The Bacchus family had 3 children in 1950 and now has 6 grandchildren.Which statement about these families is correct?
A)The Abuja family had greater gene flow.
B)The Abuja family had more gene drift.
C)The Bacchus family exhibits the bottleneck effect.
D)The Bacchus family has greater fitness.
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Chapter 23: Ecology, the Environment, and Us
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Sample Questions
Q1) Park officials needed to repair the old mill dam in a state park and so had to drain the pond behind,killing all the animals and many of the plants in the water.After the pond reformed and many years passed,a certain species of fish established itself in the pond and remained there for more than 400 years.Which most directly describes the role of that type of fish?
A)climax species
B)pioneer
C)producers
D)invaders
Q2) A lion feeds only on mammals,so would be said to be this.
A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
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Page 25
Chapter 24: Human Populations, limited Resources, and Pollution
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Q1) A certain herbivore selectively destroys some types of plants on rangeland but not others.After those animals have left the area,those tasty plants no longer grow on the plot of land so we would say that this has been reduced there.
A)Death rate
B)Carrying capacity
C)Ozone
D)Desertification
E)Density-dependent
F)Skin cancer
G)Emigration
H)Carbon footprint
I)Chlorofluorocarbons
J)Age structure
Q2) If the age structure of a country shows a large base and a tapering shape,we would guess that the population of this country will ________.
A)stay the same as it is now
B)decline in numbers
C)increase in numbers
D)We cannot predict population change using age structure.
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Chapter 25: Food Safety and Defense
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although you love the taste of uncooked cookie dough,you have heard warnings about the risk of foodborne illness that comes from eating raw food products.Based on the ingredients in cookie dough,which type of pathogen should you be most concerned with?
A)Escherichia coli O157:H7
B)Clostridium botulinum
C)Campylobacter jejuni
D)Salmonella
Q2) A food product labeled organic has been certified to be ________.
A)grown without certain synthetic pesticides or fertilizers
B)free of pathogens
C)genetically altered to be safer to eat
D)All of the above are true.
Q3) Your roommate has developed symptoms of food infection.In trying to determine the cause of her infection,she remembers that she has eaten a variety of home-canned foods.What type of infection is she most likely to have?
A)Cryptosporidium
B)Salmonellosis
C)Botulism
D)Campylobacteriosis
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Chapter 26: Drugs and the Mind
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Q1) If a person uses Percocet,a morphine relative,to which of these drugs might that person develop cross-tolerance?
A)ecstasy
B)cocaine
C)heroin
D)marijuana
Q2) Vasily thinks that drinking alcohol heightens his alertness and awareness of his surroundings and that he is a better driver after drinking several beers.Persuade him otherwise.
Q3) Tundie is an accomplished lab technician.She wants to determine if her boyfriend is still smoking marijuana,a habit he swore he would give up.She can't test his blood for THC,because performing this test might arouse the suspicions of the authorities.Which of the following more subtle blood findings might suggest that her boyfriend it still smoking the weed?
A)increased blood nicotine
B)low blood carbon dioxide
C)low blood oxygen
D)high blood niacin
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Chapter 27: Diabetes Mellitus
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Q1) Saito has diabetes mellitus type 1 and requires frequent insulin injections.He would much prefer to swallow pills instead of giving himself injections.Explain to him why this is not possible.What other option does he have besides an injection or an insulin pen?
Q2) Which of the following is recommended for diabetes mellitus patients?
A)smoking
B)binge drinking
C)inactivity
D)controlling stress
Q3) Which of the following is a normal blood glucose reading?
A)400 mg/dl
B)90 mg/dl
C)30 mg/dl
D)4% Hb A1c
Q4) Summarize the origins and functions of insulin in the body.
Q5) Which of the following is true of diabetes mellitus type 1?
A)Patients always require insulin.
B)Cells become resistant to insulin.
C)Most people with diabetes mellitus have this form.
D)It can be delayed or prevented.
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Chapter 28: a Cardiovascular Disease
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Q1) In which of these patients might Dr.Singh most appropriately prescribe a diuretic? The numbers represent their blood pressures.
A)6/66
B)20/80
C)25/75
D)60/90
Q2) How could lipids lead to a myocardial infarction?
Q3) Gee Yee was jogging up the hill next to your house when he suddenly had terrible,suffocating pain in his chest.You called the EMTs (Emergency Medical Technicians)and he was rushed to the emergency room where they will most likely perform this test with an x-ray machine.
A)C-reactive protein
B)coronary angiography
C)electrocardiogram
D)western blot
Q4) What are some ways that hypertension can kill?
Q5) Viagra® works by dilating the arteries to the penis and other parts of the body.Why shouldn't a person use nitroglycerin at the same time that they are using Viagra®?
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Chapter 29: a Special Topic: Infectious Disease
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Q1) Athlete's foot is caused by a(n)________.
A)insect
B)fungus
C)bacterium
D)virus.
Q2) Given the information in this chapter,why do you suppose that the rabies virus attacks mammal nervous systems but not those of crocodiles?
Q3) Vibrio comma causes Asiatic cholera.It has a corkscrew shape so we would say it has this form.
A)Clostridium
B)Bacillus
C)coccus
D)Spirillum
Q4) Bacteria that normally live on or in the body and prevent other bacteria from becoming too numerous are referred to as ________.
A)bacterial toxins
B)beneficial bacteria
C)pathogens
D)parasitic
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Chapter 30: a Nutrition and Weight Control
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Q1) According to the chapter,a person might prevent atherosclerosis by following these dietary guidelines.
Q2) Which of the following substances has the lowest glycemic index?
A)fiber
B)glucose
C)white bread
D)white rice
Q3) A 21-year-old,otherwise healthy person should be physically active about how many minutes per day to sustain weight loss?
A)30 - 45 minutes
B)120 minutes
C)20 - 30 minutes
D)60 - 90 minutes
Q4) What are some specific health benefits of indigestible carbohydrates and where can a person find them?
Q5) According to the contents listed on the box of a certain brand of cereal,it contains 19 grams of carbohydrates but claims that no sugar is present.How is this possible?
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Chapter 31: Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Aids
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Q1) Concerning HIV,which of these statements is false?
A)HIV is a retrovirus.
B)HIV proofreads when copying its genetic material so mistakes are not made.
C)HIV must interact with a receptor on the host to infect it.
D)HIV utilizes the enzyme reverse transcriptase to copy its RNA to DNA.
Q2) Your former roommate went through a fairly promiscuous stage during her freshman year.Now she feels certain that she has an STD,possibly more than one STD.Too embarrassed to go to the doctor,she wants to take antibiotics that you had left over from a case of strep throat.She tells you that antibiotics will wipe out whatever she has.Which of the following STDs would your antibiotics definitely not eliminate?
A)gonorrhea
B)chlamydia
C)syphilis
D)HPV infection
Q3) The term sexually transmitted infection is used to refer to infections ________.
A)caused by bacteria
B)caused by viruses
C)that cannot be treated
D)that have no symptoms
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Chapter 32: Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Q1) How can autism be differentiated from Asperger syndrome?
A)Autism can involve failure to develop age-appropriate relationships with peers while children with Asperger syndrome do develop age-appropriate relationships with peers.
B)Children with autism may have no spoken language or delayed language development while children with Asperger syndrome have no clinically significant delay in speech development.
C)Children with Asperger syndrome may have repetitive patterns of behavior while those with autism do not.
D)Children with Asperger syndrome may lack the ability for imaginative play while those with autism do not.
Q2) Children who have an ASD in which they can speak at length about their favorite topics would be diagnosed with ________.
A)autism
B)Asperger syndrome
C)PDD-NOS
D)fragile X syndrome
Q3) Describe some of the environmental risk factors associated with ASDs.
Q4) What therapies can be used for those with ASDs?
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Chapter 33: Stem Cells a Repair Kit for the Body
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Q1) Most people assume that cloning refers only to whole organism or reproductive cloning.Explain how therapeutic cloning is different from reproductive cloning.
Q2) Which one of the following correctly describes the order of stem cells from the lowest degree of flexibility to the highest degree of flexibility?
A)unipotent < multipotent < pluripotent < totipotent
B)multipotent < unipotent < pluripotent < totipotent
C)pluripotent < unipotent < totipotent < multipotent
D)unipotent < multipotent < totipotent < pluripotent
Q3) Before stem cell research was such a prominent topic in the news,many people were misinformed about embryonic stem cell research.Many people thought that this form of stem cell research could only be completed by collecting stem cells from electively aborted fetuses.Explain specifically where embryonic stem cells come from when used for research and why these cells would not typically be found in aborted fetuses.
Q4) How is a stem cell different from a "normal" cell? (Use a liver cell as an example.)
Q5) Explain how a stem cell line would be developed.
Q6) Describe several potential applications for embryonic stem cell research.
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Chapter 34: Cancer
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Q1) Which of the following is a typical means of halting normal cell division?
A)the shortening of telomeres
B)increasing the activity of p53
C)activating oncogenes
D)triggering apoptosis
Q2) A(n)________ is an abnormal mass of tissue that is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue and that usually remains at the site where it forms.
Q3) Certain new cancer therapies deal with the inhibition of angiogenesis (formation of blood vessels).How would inhibition of blood vessel formation be beneficial in terms of treating cancer?
Q4) Dietary choices that can increase the risk of certain cancers include ________.
A)diets high in saturated fats
B)diets high in antioxidants
C)high-fiber diets
D)diets low in cured foods
Q5) Describe the cancer stem cell hypothesis.How might this explain the inability of traditional cancer treatments such as radiation and chemotherapy to completely eradicate tumors?
Q6) Explain why malignant tumors are more dangerous than benign tumors.
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