Contemporary Health Issues
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Contemporary Health Issues explores the major health challenges facing modern society, examining topics such as chronic diseases, mental health, environmental health, emerging infectious diseases, substance abuse, and the impact of technology on well-being. The course emphasizes the interconnectedness of personal, community, and global health, encouraging students to analyze current trends, evaluate health information critically, and understand the role of public policy and health education in promoting healthy lifestyles. Through case studies and discussions, students gain the knowledge and skills necessary to make informed decisions about health-related behaviors and to contribute to solutions for todays most pressing health concerns.
Recommended Textbook
Health The Basics The Mastering Health Edition 12th Edition by Rebecca J. Donatelle
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Accessing Your Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the overall objectives of health promotion.
Answer: The primary objective is to reduce negative health behaviors and promote positive change through motivation,education,and support.
Q2) Which type of costs are related to higher insurance premiums and increased disability payments due to obesity-related health conditions?
A)indirect medical costs
B)direct medical costs
C)Medicare costs
D)Medicaid costs
Answer: A
Q3) Jill has many friends,is respected by her coworkers,and maintains a great relationship with her boyfriend.Her ability to interact with others is an example of which dimension of health?
A)social
B)intellectual
C)emotional
D)physical
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Focus On: Improving Your Financial Health
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Q1) A common reason for students to drop out of college is
A)that they have been offered a high-paying job.
B)stress-related illness.
C)concern about growing debt.
D)parental pressure to enter the workforce.
Answer: C
Q2) Fixed expenses are those that don't change much in a short period of time,such as car loan payments or rent.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) When you earn more than you spend,you have a budget
A)surplus.
B)deficit.
C)shortfall.
D)liability. Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Promoting and Preserving Your Psychological Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) People who have experienced repeated failures may develop a pattern of response in which they give up and fail to take any positive action.This is called A)resistance.
B)learned helplessness.
C)learned optimism.
D)laziness.
Answer: B
Q2) A psychologically healthy person is A)cynical.
B)introverted.
C)athletic.
D)resilient.
Answer: D
Q3) College students are
A)less at risk for suicide if they drink alcohol.
B)at increased risk for suicide if they identify as LGBT.
C)more able to handle pressures that can lead to suicide than their younger peers.
D)at higher risk of suicide than people of the same age who are not in college.
Answer: B
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Focus On: Cultivating Your Spiritual Health
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Q1) In many cultures,breath,or the force that animates life,is synonymous with A)faith.
B)energy.
C)heart.
D)spirit.
Q2) Which spiritual practice is Maria engaging in when she takes some quiet time to think about the ethical issues involved in human trafficking?
A)prayer
B)meditation
C)contemplation
D)mindfulness
Q3) What are some ways to improve spirituality by training the body?
Q4) In a recent survey,what percentage of first-year college students reported that they are not affiliated with a particular religion?
A)7.5 percent
B)17.5 percent
C)27.5 percent
D)37.5 percent
Q5) How does spiritual health contribute to physical health?
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Chapter 5: Managing Stress and Coping With Lifes
Challenges
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Sample Questions
Q1) As part of the stress response,the hormone that makes stored nutrients available for energy is
A)epinephrine.
B)cortisol.
C)testosterone.
D)thyroxine.
Q2) Which of the following categories describes the small stressors,frustrations,and petty annoyances that collectively can add up to a higher level of stress?
A)adjustments
B)hassles
C)pressures
D)choices
Q3) Before taking her biology final,Jessie experienced abdominal pain and nausea,but these symptoms weren't caused by a gastrointestinal virus.Stress could contribute to these symptoms by
A)increasing blood flow to her digestive organs.
B)increasing the production of insulin.
C)increasing her heart rate.
D)decreasing blood flow to her digestive organs.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: A : Focus On: Improving Your Sleep
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Sample Questions
Q1) Maria has difficulty falling asleep quickly.This condition is known as A)sleep apnea.
B)narcolepsy.
C)restless legs syndrome.
D)insomnia.
Q2) Jet lag occurs because travelers take frequent naps while flying.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Some researchers believe that chronic sleep deficiencies can
A)regulate blood glucose levels.
B)increase testicular size.
C)increase sperm motility.
D)increase the risk for type 2 diabetes.
Q4) Somnolence is a synonym for sleep deprivation.
A)True B)False
Q5) Ty works two jobs and attends college part-time.He averages 5 hours of sleep per night most nights of the week.What are the health risks of his sleep deprivation?
Q6) Explain the four stages of NREM sleep.
8
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Chapter 7: Preventing Violence and Injury
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Q1) What is a common reason that victims of elder abuse do not report it?
A)They believe the abuse will stop once their health improves.
B)They have limited financial resources.
C)They want the caregiver to admit to the abuse first.
D)They are afraid that the abuser will retaliate by putting them in a nursing home or increasing the abuse.
Q2) If your state doesn't mandate bike or motorcycle helmets,you don't need to bother wearing them to prevent injuries.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A tendency toward anger may be
A)simply a mood that will pass.
B)both physiological and related to family background.
C)a learned response to over-protective parenting.
D)a trait of emotionally mature people.
Q4) Do you think that college campuses are safer than they were a decade ago,or less safe? Provide information to support your response.
Q5) Identify at least seven strategies for decreasing your risk for a motor vehicle accident while driving.
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Chapter 8: Connecting and Communicating in the Modern World
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Q1) Identify the reason researchers give for the recent rise in collective connectedness in the United States.
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE about intimate relationships?
A)They are relationships between romantic partners only.
B)They can include relationships with family,friends,and romantic partners.
C)They do not include relationships with family members.
D)They can include relationships with family and friends,but not romantic partners.
Q3) Greg and Kate always support each other's interests,hoping to ensure that the other will succeed.This BEST demonstrates that they are
A)practicing serial monogamy.
B)intimately exclusive.
C)fascinated by each other.
D)advocates for each other.
Q4) Direct eye contact is
A)universally recognized as essential to honest communication.
B)better than indirect eye contact.
C)offensive in some cultures.
D)a form of verbal communication.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Focus On: Understanding Your Sexuality
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Q1) In which type of sexual dysfunction does an individual experience pain during or after sex?
A)inhibited sexual desire
B)vaginismus
C)female orgasmic disorder
D)dyspareunia
Q2) All of the following are considered variant sexual behaviors EXCEPT A)group sex.
B)voyeurism.
C)masochism.
D)masturbation.
Q3) Testosterone is the hormone responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is TRUE about intersexuality?
A)The person is exclusively male with minor female attributes.
B)The person is exclusively female with minor male attributes.
C)The person does not exhibit exclusively male or female sexual anatomy.
D)It may occur in as many as 10 out of 100 live births.
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Chapter 10: Considering Your Reproductive Choices
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Q1) Which of the following is TRUE about nutrition and exercise during pregnancy?
A)Vitamin supplements can make up for a less-than-balanced diet.
B)Weight gain during pregnancy is unhealthy for the baby.
C)Exercise can be beneficial,but the woman should consult with her physician first.
D)All exercise should be avoided because it is harmful to the developing fetus.
Q2) Which of the following statements is TRUE about NuvaRing?
A)It is left in place for four weeks.
B)Even when used properly,it is much less effective than oral contraceptives.
C)It exposes the user to a lower dose of estrogen than the combination pill.
D)It requires the use of spermicide.
Q3) Do you think it is important for men to take similar health precautions as women when trying to conceive? Provide information from the chapter to support your answer.
Q4) Which of the following is TRUE about emergency contraceptive pills?
A)They will cause an abortion if the woman is already pregnant.
B)Multiple brands are available over-the-counter with no age restrictions.
C)All brands require a prescription and are subject to age restrictions.
D)They are 100 percent effective if taken 2 to 5 days after unprotected intercourse.
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Chapter 11: Recognizing and Avoiding Addiction and Drug Abuse
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Q1) Prescription drug abuse has increased dramatically among college students over the past 10 years.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Do you think that harm reduction is an important and effective public health measure for reducing the negative consequences of drug abuse? Support your own arguments with information from the chapter.
Q3) All of the following are true about suppositories EXCEPT that
A)they are designed to melt at body temperature.
B)they are inserted into the vagina or anus.
C)they enable a drug to be released into the bloodstream.
D)they have a short life span and become inactive within an hour.
Q4) An interaction in which drugs combine in the body to produce extremely uncomfortable reactions is called
A)antagonism.
B)synergism.
C)intolerance.
D)cross-tolerance.
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Chapter 12: Drinking Alcohol Responsibly and Ending
Tobacco Use
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Q1) Which of the following is TRUE of drinking and driving?
A)Twenty percent of all traffic fatalities are alcohol-related.
B)The majority of alcohol-impaired driving fatalities occur in the 16- to 20-year-old age group.
C)Over the last 20 years,the percentage of intoxicated drivers involved in fatal crashes has decreased.
D)More than 50 percent of college students report that they have driven after consuming alcohol.
Q2) An alcoholic beverage that is 80 proof would be 20 percent alcohol by volume.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What treatment options are available for an individual who has a drinking problem?
Q4) Which of the following occurs within 24 hours of quitting smoking?
A)Chance of heart attack decreases.
B)Coughing and shortness of breath decrease.
C)Circulation improves.
D)Cilia regrow in the lungs.
Q5) Identify three reasons that alcohol consumption increases an individual's risk for suicide.
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Chapter 13: Nutrition: Eating for a Healthier You
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Q1) The body converts all forms of simple sugars into which of the following substances to provide energy to cells?
A)maltose
B)glucose
C)starch
D)glycogen
Q2) Over the past three decades,daily calorie consumption by Americans has
A)decreased slightly.
B)primarily come from junk foods.
C)remained about the same.
D)increased significantly.
Q3) What percentage of fruits and vegetables is water?
A)8 to 10 percent
B)20 to 25 percent
C)about 50 percent
D)80 to 95 percent
Q4) Explain what fiber is,discuss its benefits in a healthy diet,and list food groups that tend to be high in fiber.
Q5) Identify two vitamins that may be low in a vegan diet,and explain why.
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Chapter 14: Reaching and Maintaining a Healthy Weight
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Sample Questions
Q1) The surge in obesity rates around the world has become known as
A)the obesogenic world syndrome.
B)globesity.
C)global overnourishment.
D)third-world obesity.
Q2) Cassie is morbidly obese,and is now following a medically supervised diet on which she consumes 500 calories a day in the form of a powdered supplement.What kind of diet is Cassie following?
A)yo-yo diet
B)low-carbohydrate diet
C)very-low-calorie diet
D)fasting
Q3) Which theory holds that our bodies fight to maintain our weight within a particular narrow range?
A)hormone adjustment theory
B)set point theory
C)thrifty gene theory
D)adaptive thermogenesis theory
Q4) Identify the three factors that determine how many calories a person expends during that activity.
16
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Chapter 15: Focus On: Enhancing Your Body Image
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Q1) All of the following are characteristic of bulimia nervosa EXCEPT
A)recurrent episodes of binge eating.
B)recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior.
C)obsession with body weight and appearance.
D)an imbalance of neurotransmitters.
Q2) The BEST definition of body image is
A)whether or not you like certain features of your body.
B)your impression of what others think about your appearance.
C)how you view your body and your feelings and beliefs about your appearance.
D)how you view yourself when you compare yourself to a celebrity.
Q3) Jasmine is always complaining that she doesn't like the way she looks.She tells her friend Amber that she thinks her thighs are too big and that she feels fat.Amber assures Jasmine that she isn't fat,but Jasmine won't listen.It is likely that Jasmine may be suffering from A)peer pressure.
B)a negative body image.
C)anxiety.
D)depression.
Q4) Compare and contrast compulsive exercise and the female athlete triad.
Q5) Explain how the media influences body image.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Improving Your Personal Fitness
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Q1) Breaking a leg during a football game is an example of which type of injury?
A)overuse
B)traumatic
C)repetitive
D)stress-related
Q2) Regular exercise
A)reduces the flow of oxygen to the brain.
B)deprives the brain of nutrients.
C)improves concentration.
D)increases stress.
Q3) A person with strong core muscles has improved posture and
A)reduced chance of injury.
B)enhanced cardiovascular fitness.
C)the ability to lift free weights.
D)reduced training time.
Q4) Which statement about heat exhaustion is TRUE?
A)It is the least serious heat-related illness.
B)It is a mild form of shock.
C)It has a high mortality rate.
D)It is irreversible.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Reducing Your Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer
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Q1) Arrhythmias can be triggered by lifestyle factors.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is a cancer that occurs in epithelial tissues?
A)lymphoma
B)carcinoma
C)sarcoma
D)leukemia
Q3) The BEST time for a man to perform a testicular self-exam is
A)when he first wakes up in the morning.
B)before he goes to sleep at night.
C)after strenuous exercise.
D)after a hot shower.
Q4) Vessels that carry blood away from the heart are the A)veins.
B)capillaries.
C)arteries.
D)chambers.
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Q5) Briefly describe what occurs when a person has a stroke,including basic effects on the brain and on physical and mental abilities.
Chapter 18: Focus On: Minimizing Your Risk for Diabetes
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Q1) Which of the following occurs as a result of gestational diabetes?
A)The mother has significantly reduced risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes after giving birth.
B)The growth of the fetus is limited.
C)Changing hormone levels reduce metabolic stress.
D)There is a higher risk of birth-related complications.
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE with respect to prediabetes?
A)The symptoms typically range from mild to moderate.
B)It is one of the conditions linked to metabolic syndrome.
C)It is most common in college students.
D)An estimated 49 million Americans age 20 or older have it.
Q3) John has not been feeling well.He is constantly tired and feels bloated.His blood pressure is low and at times his vision is blurred.Which two symptoms does John have that are characteristic of diabetes?
A)weight gain and blurred vision
B)low blood pressure and weight gain
C)fatigue and blurred vision
D)low blood pressure and fatigue
Q4) Identify the main risks of gestational diabetes to the mother and to the fetus.
Q5) What steps can an individual take to lower the risk of diabetes?
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Protecting Against Infectious Diseases and Sexually
Transmitted
Infections
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Q1) More than 24 million people in Africa are infected with HIV.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Two weeks ago your nephew came down with the chickenpox while visiting.Now you have itchy,crusted spots on your arms and you feel terrible.You probably were infected with the chickenpox virus when your nephew was there but did not get sick until now because of the
A)immune response.
B)incubation period.
C)inoculation period.
D)antibody activity.
Q3) While in the hospital,Daniel's grandmother developed an inflammatory condition that involved a build-up of fluid in her lungs.His grandmother was suffering from A)tuberculosis.
B)pneumonia.
C)emphysema.
D)influenza.
Q4) Discuss three common reasons used to explain the current high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Page 21
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Chapter 20: Focus On: Reducing Risks for Chronic Diseases and Conditions
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Q1) Adelaide was rushed into surgery after a scan revealed perforation of her small intestine and internal bleeding.Her diagnosis is most likely
A)Crohn's disease.
B)ulcerative colitis.
C)irritable bowel syndrome.
D)chronic gastrointestinal distress.
Q2) Explain what happens in the body during an asthma attack.
Q3) Histamine production can cause increased production of mucus in the airways.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Humidifying the air in your bedroom can help with asthma.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following is TRUE concerning asthma?
A)It is not influenced by genetics or family history.
B)It is the most common chronic illness in adults over age 35.
C)It has increased in prevalence over the last 20 years.
D)It is essentially hay fever affecting the lungs.
Q6) Explain how an allergy affects the body.
Q7) Explain carpal tunnel syndrome and its most common causes. Page 22
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Chapter 21: Preparing for Aging, Death, and Dying
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Q1) A conscious,mentally competent adult has the right to refuse life-saving medical treatment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Osteoporosis would most likely result in
A)a wrist fracture as the result of a fall.
B)arthritis in the lower back and knees.
C)redistribution of body fat in the trunk region.
D)a high bone density.
Q3) The cultural practice of waiting a year after the death of a spouse to begin dating is an example of A)social death.
B)expressed grief.
C)mourning.
D)bereavement.
Q4) Many older people engage in regular sexual activity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain how the growing population of elderly will affect society in the future.
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Chapter 22: Promoting Environmental Health
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Q1) The human body does not excrete polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)but instead stores them in the A)lungs. B)kidneys.
C)liver. D)muscles.
Q2) All forms of radiation pose a threat to human health. A)True
B)False
Q3) All of the following are examples of resources that reduce carbon emissions EXCEPT A)solar.
B)wind.
C)bioenergy.
D)coal.
Q4) Oil,coal,and natural gas are examples of fossil fuels,which are carbon-based fuels. A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the three main areas of focus in preventing indoor air pollution.
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Chapter 23: Making Smart Health Care Choices
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Q1) One of the advantages of a single-payer health care system is that it
A)can achieve lower cost through economies of scale.
B)provides a higher quality of health care.
C)rations health care services.
D)encourages people to commit to lifestyle choices that reduce their risk for chronic diseases.
Q2) Requesting an x-ray when it is unnecessary but the patient demands it would be considered defensive medicine.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Andy has been taking a prescription antidepressant for 10 weeks and reports feeling less depressed since he began taking the medication.How can Andy be certain that his response isn't attributable to the placebo effect? Can he? And if not,what could he do to increase his understanding of his drug response?
Q4) Physician assistants
A)are competently able to treat 100 percent of those seeking primary care.
B)can provide treatment and write prescriptions when supervised by a physician.
C)are not licensed by state boards of medicine.
D)are the same as physicians,but with fewer years of experience.
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Chapter 24: Focus On: Understanding Complementary and Integrative Health
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Q1) Naturopathic practitioners use foods,herbs,color,and aromas as therapies,but not homeopathic medicines,acupuncture or acupressure,or spinal manipulation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) All of the following are examples of conventional medical treatment EXCEPT A)physical therapy.
B)prescription medications.
C)acupuncture.
D)surgery.
Q3) Discuss functional foods and their benefits,and give some examples.
Q4) Prior to taking an herbal supplement that claims to increase muscle mass,Jermaine should consult all the following EXCEPT
A)his personal trainer at the gym.
B)the NCCIH website.
C)the Cochrane Collaboration's review of the product.
D)his physician.
Q5) Alternative health approaches are never used alongside conventional medicine.
A)True B)False
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