Contemporary Drug Issues
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course examines the multifaceted impact of drugs on modern society, exploring legal, social, economic, and health-related challenges. Students will analyze trends in drug use, drug policy, addiction, and treatment from a global and local perspective. Topics include the history of drug legislation, harm reduction strategies, the opioid crisis, prescription medication misuse, and the intersection of drug issues with mental health and criminal justice. Through case studies and current research, learners will develop a nuanced understanding of the complexities surrounding contemporary drug issues and the implications for public policy and community well-being.
Recommended Textbook Drugs Society and Human Behavior 16th Edition by Hart
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Drug Use: An Overview
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Q1) Based on two large surveys,it appears that the percentage of young people reporting current marijuana use
A)is at its highest point since the studies began over 30 years ago.
B)is about half the percentage reporting current use in the late 1970s.
C)has increased substantially during the past decade.
D)is about 65 percent.
Answer: B
Q2) One of the most important risk factors for drug use is
A)having friends who use marijuana or other substances.
B)being heavily involved in extracurricular activities.
C)having lots of money.
D)believing that your parents are a source of social support.
Answer: A
Q3) One personality variable that has been consistently associated with higher rates of substance dependence is
A)low self-esteem.
B)extraversion.
C)high impulsivity.
D)passivity.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Drug Use As a Social Problem
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Q1) The term "laissez-faire" refers to the tendency of news media to sensationalize drug problems.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Acute drug effects are those that
A)are dangerous.
B)are caused by the immediate presence of the drug in the body.
C)are unrelated to dose.
D)last more than a day.
Answer: B
Q3) Using survey data,discuss the relative toxicity of alcohol and cocaine.
Answer: Alcohol-in-combination and cocaine have been associated with similar numbers of emergency room visits over the years.Since many more people use alcohol than use cocaine,one could conclude that cocaine is relatively more dangerous (per user)than alcohol.However,it is also important to note that DAWN does not report on alcohol when it is used alone,only in combination with other substances.Bonus: cocaine's toxicity is also influenced by how it is used.
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Chapter 3: Drug Policy
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Sample Questions
Q1) One concern that led to the initial passage of federal drug-control legislation in 1906 was
A)amphetamine abuse.
B)marijuana smoking.
C)heroin use.
D)patent medicines.
Answer: D
Q2) Describe the criteria for listing a drug as a Schedule I controlled substance,and give some examples of drugs that are in Schedule I and Schedule II.
Answer: High abuse potential and no medical use.Schedule I examples: heroin,marijuana,MDMA.Schedule II examples,morphine,cocaine,methamphetamine.Bonus: difference between Schedules I and II based on an approved medical use.
Q3) The 1906 Pure Food and Drugs Act required drug manufacturers to prove that their drugs were an effective treatment for some diseases.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: The Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Neurotransmitter molecules are released into the small space between two neurons called the A)transporter. B)synapse.
C)partition.
D)vesicle.
Q2) Parkinson's disease patients are often treated with dopamine because L-dopa cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One of the main ways that drugs can affect neurotransmitter systems is by cutting off blood flow to a specific brain structure.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Newer local anesthetics are simple modifications of the cocaine molecule that do not pass the blood-brain barrier and thus do not produce cocaine-like feelings of euphoria.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: The Actions of Drugs
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Sample Questions
Q1) With increasing doses of any useful drug,there is usually an increase in the number and severity of
A)side effects.
B)beneficial effects.
C)placebo effects.
D)effects on the stomach.
Q2) Which of these is given its own classification category,due to its complex effects at different doses?
A)cocaine
B)marijuana
C)Abilify
D)caffeine
Q3) Some drugs may act on all types of neurons by
A)blocking all receptor types.
B)interfering with metabolism.
C)preventing absorption of nutrients.
D)altering the electrical potential across the cell membrane.
Q4) A drug's generic name can only be used by one company.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Stimulants
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Q1) Inattention,hyperactivity,and impulsivity are characteristics of A)depression.
B)narcolepsy.
C)autism.
D)ADHD.
Q2) Explain the three consequences for the drug scene from the tightening of restrictions on amphetamines in the 1960s and 1970s.
Q3) Although National Survey on Drug Use and Health data indicates greater prevalence of illicit drug use among white Americans,black Americans represented more than 80 percent of those arrested for A)marijuana possession.
B)selling methamphetamine.
C)all drug offenses.
D)violation of federal crack cocaine laws.
Q4) One major similarity of freebase and crack cocaine is that they both can be smoked. A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the different preparations of cocaine and how they are used.
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Chapter 7: Depressants and Inhalants
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Q1) is a popular benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The modern era of abuse of volatile solvents by young people can be traced to a 1959 newspaper report of
A)gasoline huffing.
B)glue sniffing.
C)lead paint poisoning.
D)nitrite abuse.
Q3) What has kept paraldehyde from being widely used?
A)danger to the CNS
B)bad taste and odor
C)danger to the respiratory system
D)irritation to the gastric system
Q4) Among the sedative-hypnotic drugs,short-acting barbiturates seem to be the most likely to lead to drug dependence.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Medication for Mental Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) version of the American Psychiatric Association's classification system for mental disorders is called the
A)Physician's Desk Reference (PDR).
B)Merck Manual.
C)DSM-V.
D)Treatment Guide.
Q2) A patient presents with these symptoms: irrational beliefs,incoherent speech,and a severe lack of emotional response.He has had these symptoms for over 9 months and they interfere with his social function.He would most likely be diagnosed with _______ and treated with __________.
A)schizophrenia;aripiprazole
B)schizophrenia;paroxetine
C)bipolar disorder;lithium
D)bipolar disorder;amphetamine
Q3) Bipolar I Disorder refers to
A)panic attacks.
B)agoraphobia.
C)posttraumatic stress disorder.
D)manic episodes with possible alternating depression.
Q4) Explain the danger associated with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Alcohol
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Sample Questions
Q1) Heating a solution of alcohol and water,then collecting the alcohol vapors and condensing them into a liquid with a higher alcohol content,is called A)malting.
B)fermentation.
C)distillation.
D)catabolism.
Q2) Age 21 became the legal drinking age in all U.S.states in what year? A)1933. B)1945.
C)1970. D)1988.
Q3) One major factor determining individual differences in BAC after drinking alcohol is A)exercise level. B)rate of metabolism. C)urine flow.
D)proportion of body fat.
Q4) Alcohol is involved in about one-third of all suicides. A)True B)False
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Chapter 10: Tobacco
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Q1) After a 1998 tobacco settlement,many anti-smoking ads were paid for by the very companies that promote smoking.
A)True
B)False
Q2) One big factor associated with lower rates of cigarette smoking among adults is A)age.
B)high self-esteem.
C)higher level of education.
D)caffeine use.
Q3) As a potent poison,nicotine causes death by A)stopping the heart.
B)paralysis of respiration muscles.
C)constricting blood vessels in the brain.
D)increasing blood pressure until a stroke occurs.
Q4) A cigar contains enough nicotine for two lethal doses,if the nicotine were injected. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Caffeine
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Sample Questions
Q1) The legend of the discovery of coffee relates to A)an Aztec warrior preparing for battle.
B)a volcano roasting the beans.
C)Kaldi and his dancing goats.
D)Romans seeking a cure for hangovers.
Q2) Drinking 5 or more cups of coffee per day
A)actually reduces the rate of heart attacks.
B)slightly increases the risk of a heart attack.
C)doubles the risk of a heart attack.
D)increases heart attack risk only in smokers.
Q3) Theobroma,the genus name for the cacao tree,is Latin for A)food of the gods.
B)bitter root.
C)wake-up tree.
D)calm river.
Q4) The world's greatest per-capita consumers of tea are found in A)China.
B)France.
C)Canada.
D)Turkey.
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Q1) What dietary supplement ingredient has been tested for its ability to improve memory in Alzheimer's disease,but has produced only small and unreliable improvements in published research?
A)lobelia
B)androstenedione
C)Ginkgo biloba
D)St.John's wort
Q2) Why is it important for you as a consumer to know whether a product you find on the shelf in your pharmacy is being sold as an OTC drug or as a dietary supplement?
Q3) .Which of these ingredients in this OTC product is unnecessary?
A)dextromethorphan
B)acetaminophen
C)chlorpheniramine maleate
D)phenylephrine
Q4) Orlistat,found in the OTC weight control product alli,interferes with the absorption of fats from the intestine.
A)True
B)False
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Q5) Describe the recent history and current status of OTC weight control products.
Chapter 13: Opioids
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Q1) Possession of opium,morphine,or heroin without a prescription was made a crime by
A)the 1906 Pure Food and Drugs Act.
B)a 1915 Supreme Court decision.
C)the 1970 Controlled Substances Act.
D)the 1986 Anti-Drug Abuse amendments.
Q2) occur as a result of heroin alone.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Long-term exposure to opioid drugs
A)has not been clearly shown to produce damage to any tissue or organ system.
B)causes damage to the mesolimbic dopamine system.
C)can weaken the heart.
D)is a common cause of kidney disease.
Q4) In a heroin user,negative reinforcement of drug-taking behavior can occur when
A)the user overdoses and almost dies.
B)the person is trying the drug for the first time.
C)withdrawal symptoms are alleviated by another injection.
D)the user sees a needle or syringe.
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Chapter 14: Hallucinogens
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Q1) The indole originally found in toad skins,that turns out not to be a very potent hallucinogen,is
A)bufotenin.
B)muscimol.
C)ergotamine.
D)mescaline.
Q2) Many terms have been used for hallucinogens.The term entheogen has been used for those drugs thought to create spiritual or religious experiences.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A close relative of LSD,d-lysergic acid amide,is found naturally in A)morning glories and Hawaiian baby woodroses.
B)peyote cactus.
C)henbane.
D)opium poppies.
Q4) Give some examples of the use of hallucinogenic plants or drugs in connection with religious practices.
Q5) Describe the early use of LSD in psychotherapy,and discuss why this type of research was stopped in the 1970s.
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Chapter 15: Marijuana
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Q1) It is a common misperception that marijuana smokers get "the munchies" and eat more,but laboratory studies have not supported this idea.
A)True B)False
Q2) The natural substance in the body that has marijuana-like effects is called A)cannabinum.
B)ayahuasca.
C)bufotenin.
D)anandamide.
Q3) The primary active ingredient in marijuana is A)delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
B)psilocybin.
C)phencyclidine. D)muscimol.
Q4) oral THC?
Q5) about the dangers of marijuana smoke.
Q6) Panic reactions can be a common reaction in inexperienced marijuana smokers. A)True B)False
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Chapter 16: Performance-Enhancing Drugs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Distinguish between the terms anabolic and androgenic when referring to steroid effects.What natural male hormone does both? What happens if women use anabolic steroids?
Q2) Mariani's Coca Wine,which was sold as "wine for athletes," was an early version of a cola drink containing large amounts of caffeine.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One concern about the use of high doses of steroids is increased aggressiveness,known as "roid rage."
A)True
B)False
Q4) Laboratory studies of endurance on stationary bicycles have found that caffeine
A)can significantly improve work output at doses of 300-500 mg.
B)can double endurance at 80 mg,the amount in a can of Red Bull.
C)does not appear to improve performance.
D)does not work as well as it did in studies of marathon runners.
Q5) supplements that are used as possible performance enhancers.What is known about their effectiveness?
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Chapter 17: Preventing Substance Abuse
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Q1) Which of these is NOT one of the Institute of Medicine's classifications for prevention programs?
A)affective prevention
B)universal prevention
C)selective prevention
D)indicated prevention
Q2) The textbook pointed out that drug prevention and drug ________ might have different goals and use different approaches.
A)education
B)mitigation
C)interdiction
D)demand reduction
Q3) Teaching students relaxation or meditation techniques was seen as one possible way of providing
A)alternatives to drug use.
B)enhanced self-esteem.
C)values clarification.
D)refusal skills.
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Chapter 18: Treating Substance Use Disorders
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Q1) What medications are used in treating people diagnosed with opioid use disorder,and how does each of these work?
Q2) Which of these has NOT received FDA approval for use during the maintenance phase of alcohol treatment?
A)naltrexone
B)bupropion (Zyban)
C)antabuse
D)acamprosate
Q3) Which one of these is an agonist therapy?
A)methadone for heroin addiction
B)nicotine gum for tobacco addiction
C)Both A and B
D)Neither A nor B
Q4) The most common form of treatment for opioid dependence is rapid opioid detoxification.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the process and goals of motivational enhancement therapy.Be sure to include the concept of denial and also stages of change in your answer.
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