Contemporary Biology Practice
Questions
Course Introduction
Contemporary Biology offers an in-depth exploration of modern biological concepts, emphasizing the molecular, cellular, and ecological principles that shape living systems today. The course covers foundational topics such as genetics, evolution, physiology, and cell biology, while integrating discussions of current issues like biotechnology, environmental challenges, emerging diseases, and ethical considerations in biological research. Through lectures, readings, and case studies, students gain a comprehensive understanding of how biological science applies to real-world problems and advances in technology, preparing them to critically evaluate the impact of biology on society.
Recommended Textbook
Biology The Core 1st Edition by Eric
J. Simon
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12 Chapters
699 Verified Questions
699 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Science of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Every year new varieties of fruits and vegetables appear on the store shelves.Some are the result of cross breeding existing varieties,and others are from finding and propagating random mutations.Still other varieties come from inserting genes directly from one organism into another.What makes these genetically modified varieties possible?
A)All organisms share the same genes.
B)All organisms share the same proteins.
C)The DNA of all organisms is made of the same building blocks.
D)The DNA of all organisms contains the same sequences.
Answer: C
Q2) Every conversion of energy involves the loss of some of that energy.How is the majority of energy typically lost from an ecosystem?
A)Upon the death of an organism
B)Through the decomposition of organic matter
C)In the form of heat
D)From the migration of organisms out of the ecosystem into another
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The functional group -NH is called the ________ group.
A)methyl
B)alcohol
C)amino
D)carboxyl
Answer: C
Q2) Why does sweating cool your skin on a hot,dry day but makes you feel warmer on a hot,humid day?
Answer: The evaporative cooling of sweat cools the skin as the water and the heat it has absorbed move from the skin to the drier air.Sweat does not evaporate as well on a humid day,tending instead to build up on the skin,insulating the body rather than cooling it.
Q3) Water is the lightest (least dense)when it ________.
A)freezes
B)is just above freezing
C)is at room temperature
D)is just below boiling
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which would most likely pass unaided through a plasma membrane?
A)Something small and nonpolar,like nitrogen gas
B)Something small and dipolar,like a water molecule
C)Something small and charged,like an ion
D)Something large,like a glucose molecule
Answer: A
Q2) What is the role of the nuclear membrane?
A)Is the site of protein manufacturing
B)Regulates transport of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
C)Harvests energy from food molecules
D)Regulates transport of substances into and out of the cell
Answer: B
Q3) How many layers of phospholipids make up the plasma membrane?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Energy and Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why does yogurt taste sharp?
A)It has not been aged long enough to mellow.
B)The taste is from the small amount of alcohol it contains,and alcohol tastes sharp.
C)The taste is from the large amount of carbon dioxide it contains,and carbon dioxide tastes sharp.
D)The taste is from the lactic acid it contains,and acids taste sharp.
Q2) Which stage of photosynthesis,if any,can function in the dark?
A)Stage 1
B)Stage 2
C)Both Stage 1 and Stage 2
D)Neither Stage 1 nor Stage 2
Q3) Can energy be harvested by the cells from glucose without oxygen?
A)Yes,about as much as with oxygen.
B)Yes,but not quite as much as with oxygen.
C)Yes,but much less than with oxygen.
D)No,oxygen is required to harvest any energy from glucose.
Q4) Explain why mitochondria are often called "the powerhouse of the cell."
Q5) What does it mean to "fix" carbon and during which stage of photosynthesis is carbon fixed?
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Chapter 5: Chromosomes and Inheritance
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Sample Questions
Q1) What causes the furrow during cleavage?
A)It is a depression caused by the formation of a new cell wall.
B)A ring of contractile protein fibers pinches the cell in two.
C)Connecting proteins that had been binding adjacent cells together now dissolve.
D)A loss of water occurs.
Q2) How many chromosomes would be found in the karyotype of a Down syndrome female who also suffered from Turner syndrome?
A)44
B)45
C)46
D)47
Q3) Of the choices listed,which is the best indicator of the complexity of the organism?
A)Ploidy number
B)Number of chromosomes
C)Number of genes
D)Number of homologs
Q4) Why are individuals with Turner syndrome always female and individuals with Klinefelter syndrome always male?
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Chapter 6: DNA: The Molecule of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a gene?
A)A discrete sequence of DNA nucleotides
B)A section of DNA that codes for one or more proteins
C)A section of DNA that codes for a portion of a protein
D)All of these and more are part of the expanding definition of a gene.
Q2) How many nucleotides in sequence are required to code for 10 amino acids?
A)3
B)10
C)20
D)30
Q3) Which nucleic acid acts like an enzyme,stabilizing and orienting different molecules to facilitate the formation of bonds between them?
A)DNA
B)rRNA
C)tRNA
D)mRNA
Q4) Will the clone be sterile or fertile?
A)Sterile
B)Fertile
C)It depends on whether it is male or female.
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Chapter 7: Darwinian Evolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Individuals with variations that make them best suited to their environment will,on average,be more likely to ________.
A)evolve
B)change over time
C)survive and reproduce
D)be larger
Q2) Although modified to perform a different task,a horse's front leg is made up of the same bones as is your arm.This suggests a common ancestor between horses and humans that also had those bones in its forelimb.The horse leg and human arm are therefore considered to be ________ structures.
A)analogous
B)autologous
C)homologous
D)heterologous
Q3) What prompted Darwin to publish his book decades after he began writing it?
A)He had completed the last of his experiments.
B)He had returned from his voyage around the world.
C)A colleague was about to publish a similar manuscript.
D)After years of searching,he finally found a publisher willing to accept it.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Biodiversity 1: Microscopic Organisms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Where would you find the double-stranded HIV DNA in an infected cell?
A)Incorporated directly into the host cell's chromosome
B)As a separate plasmid in the host cell's nucleus
C)In a vesicle in the cytoplasm
D)There is no HIV form of DNA.It exists only as RNA which makes viral proteins directly.
Q2) A degenerative brain disorder transmitted by cannibalism is called ________.
A)kuru
B)scrapie
C)Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
D)herpes
Q3) By what means do bacterial cells typically divide?
A)Binary fission
B)Mitosis
C)Meiosis
D)Regeneration
Q4) Describe all the possible forms of nucleic acids found in viruses.
Q5) The "protists" are grouped together simply for convenience.Why are they not considered to be in a specific taxon like a kingdom or a phylum?
Q6) Why is there no cure for prion-related diseases?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which was the most recent plant structure to have evolved?
A)Seeds
B)Vascular system
C)Flowers
D)Cones
Q2) Sugars can travel all throughout a plant.How do they "know" where to go?
A)Phloem transport proteins carry the sugar molecules and bind to sugar receptors on cells where they are needed.
B)Like diffusion down a concentration gradient,sugar flows from source to sink.
C)Sugar flows by gravity from the leaves to the roots.
D)Sugar adheres to water molecules and is pulled up by transpiration.
Q3) Explain how the diversification of mammals may have been greatly aided by the diversification of the angiosperms and vice versa.
Q4) If the phloem in a tree trunk were to become blocked,how would this affect the plant?
A)The leaves would dry out.
B)Sugars could not be made.
C)Sugars could not be transported from leaves to roots.
D)Water could not be sent to the roots.
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Chapter 10: Biodiversity 3: Animals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which group of fishes evolved first?
A)Ray-finned fishes
B)Lobe-finned fishes
C)Cartilaginous fishes
D)Jawless fishes
Q2) What do snake scales,dog fur,and eagle feathers all have in common?
A)All grow for the life of the organism without being shed.
B)All are made of keratin.
C)All are related to fish scales (they share a most recent common ancestor that had fish scales).
D)They do not have anything in common other than they grow out of the skin.
Q3) Which is not a primate?
A)Lemurs
B)Apes
C)Monkeys
D)All are primates.
Q4) What is an advantage of the serial repetition of internal and external features common in some animals?
Q5) How might an early primate's environment lead to the evolution of a large brain in relation to body size?
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Chapter 11: Human Body Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node?
A)Initiates the contraction of the heart
B)Increases or decreases blood pressure
C)Opens and closes the heart valves
D)Supplies the heart muscle with oxygen
Q2) An essential nutrient is specifically a nutrient that your body ________.
A)needs to grow
B)needs to function
C)cannot make by itself
D)cannot store
Q3) How is it that red blood cells can bind oxygen in the lungs but then offload it near body cells that need it?
A)Oxygen diffuses into or out of the blood following its concentration gradient.
B)A conformational change caused by high pH causes the oxygen to detach near the cells that need it.
C)A conformational change caused by low pH causes the oxygen to detach near the cells that need it.
D)Oxygen is displaced by carbon dioxide in the body.
Q4) Of the four chambers of the human heart,which has the thickest walls and why?
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Chapter 12: Ecology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Where is the majority of Earth's biomass produced?
A)Coastlines,bays,and estuaries
B)Deep oceans
C)Tropical rainforests
D)Temperate forests
Q2) How does an increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases increase global temperatures?
A)By preventing some of the heat from escaping the planet's surface
B)By decreasing the ozone layer in the atmosphere
C)By increasing the amount of heat from the sun that reaches the planet's surface
D)By reacting with each other
Q3) Describe two ways (immediate and long term)in which burning a forest leads to an increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases.
Q4) The tendency of toxins to accumulate in top predators is called biological
A)magnification
B)remediation
C)mitigation
D)concentration
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