Contemporary Biology
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
Contemporary Biology provides an in-depth exploration of modern biological concepts, discoveries, and issues affecting society today. The course covers fundamental principles such as cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, ecology, and the diversity of life. Emphasis is placed on recent advances in biotechnology, medicine, environmental science, and ethical considerations surrounding emerging biological technologies. Through lectures, discussions, and laboratory activities, students develop critical thinking skills and an understanding of how biology impacts their daily lives and the world around them.
Recommended Textbook
Biology The Core 2nd Edition by Eric J. Simon
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12 Chapters
718 Verified Questions
718 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Science of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Is the study presented above a controlled experiment?
A) Yes, because only the amount of fertilizer was changed, everything else was kept the same.
B) Yes, because many pots were used.
C) No, because the experiment was done only once.
D) No, because several different amounts of fertilizers were used, not just one amount.
Answer: A
Q2) Many medical studies show that patients who receive a treatment feel better even if the treatment was an ineffective sugar pill.What is this phenomenon called?
A) The control group
B) The placebo effect
C) The fake effect
D) The blind effect
Answer: B
Q3) To obtain large,flat cookies,one should use more fat in a recipe.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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3
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is another name for the polymers of carbohydrates?
A) Triglycerides
B) Polysaccharides
C) Polypeptides
D) Nucleotides
Answer: B
Q2) Organic molecules that end in the suffix "-ase" often function as ________ molecules.
A) structural
B) enzymatic
C) transport
D) storage
Answer: B
Q3) Something with a pH of 5 would be ________.
A) acidic
B) basic
C) neutral
D) alkaline
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is correct regarding chromosomes?
A) Chromosomes are strands of DNA, tightly wrapped up, that are located everywhere in the cell.
B) Chromosomes are strands of RNA, tightly wrapped up, that are in the cytoplasm.
C) Chromosomes are strands of DNA, tightly wrapped up, that are located in the nucleus.
D) Chromosomes are strands of RNA, loosely wrapped up, that are located everywhere in the cell.
Answer: C
Q2) What harvests energy from sunlight to rearrange molecules into sugar?
A) Chloroplasts
B) Mitochondria
C) Nucleus
D) Lysosome
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: Energy and Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The bulk of a plant is made from ________.
A) minerals from the soil obtained by the roots of a plant
B) sugars from the soil obtained by the roots of a plant
C) the sugars made in photosynthesis, which were made from carbon dioxide
D) oxygen absorbed by the pores in leaves
Q2) Organize the following steps of the light reaction in order.
A) Absorb sunlight, capture energy in ATP and NADPH, produce oxygen as a by-product, split water to release electron
B) Absorb sunlight, capture energy in ATP and NADPH, split water to release electron, produce oxygen as a by-product
C) Absorb sunlight, split water to release electron, produce oxygen as a by-product, capture energy in ATP and NADPH
D) Absorb sunlight, produce oxygen as a by-product, split water to release electron, capture energy in ATP and NADPH
Q3) What color of light is not used for photosynthesis? How could you know this just by looking at a leaf?
Q4) Explain why mitochondria are often called "the powerhouse of the cell."
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Chapter 5: Chromosomes and Inheritance
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Sample Questions
Q1) How much of your DNA is identical to that of another person of the same sex?
A) 99.9%
B) 99.5%
C) 90%
D) 78%
Q2) What leads to an individual having too many or two few chromosomes?
A) Crossing over
B) Independent assortment
C) Homologous recombination
D) Nondisjunction
Q3) During which phase of the cell cycle are the chromosomes duplicated?
A) Interphase
B) Mitosis
C) Meiosis
D) Cytokinesis
Q4) If genes are described as "sex linked," then they are ________.
A) typically on the X chromosome
B) typically on the Y chromosome
C) located next to one another
D) expressed only in women or only in men
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Chapter 6: Dna: the Molecule of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Three of the following statements are correct.Identify the statement that is not correct regarding genetically modified organisms.
A) There are no risks associated with GM crops.
B) GM crops have been produced with increased nutrition.
C) GM crops have been produced that are disease resistant.
D) GM animals are not in our food supply.
Q2) Is most of our DNA made up of genes?
A) Yes, the vast majority of human DNA consists of genes.
B) No, genes make up only 1.5% of our DNA.
Q3) If the base sequence of template strand reads GCCATTAC,what is the base sequence of the mRNA?
A) CGGUAAUG
B) CGGTAATG
C) CGGTUUTG
D) GCCAUUAC
Q4) Which process results in the creation of mRNA?
A) Replication
B) Transcription
C) Translation
D) All of the above
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Darwinian Evolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following most often should lead to allopatric speciation?
A) Habitat isolation
B) Behavioral isolation
C) Gametic incompatibility
D) Mating time differences
Q2) What is the leading hypothesis for what might have brought about the extinction of the dinosaurs?
A) A new disease
B) Competition from mammals
C) An asteroid impact
D) Massive volcano eruptions
Q3) The slow drifting of sections of the earth's crust,sometimes separating,other times colliding,is known as ________.
A) continental convergence
B) continental divergence
C) crust dynamics
D) plate tectonics
Q4) What is the fundamental difference between the processes of microevolution and macroevolution?
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Chapter 8: Biodiversity 1: Microscopic Organisms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bacteria reproduce asexually via binary fission.This process generates ________.
A) Genetically different bacteria
B) Genetically identical bacteria
Q2) What do scientists believe was the original genetic material able to copy itself without assistance?
A) DNA
B) RNA
C) Proteins
D) Enzymes
Q3) An infectious circular piece of RNA that can infect plants is called a ________.
A) virus
B) prion
C) viroid
D) capsid
Q4) What might be the advantage to a cell if it assimilated a photosynthetic bacterium rather than digesting it?
A) It could now utilize hydrogen sulfide as an energy source.
B) It could now use sunlight to make its food.
C) It could now live in an oxygen-free environment.
D) It could now use glucose as an energy source.
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Chapter 9: Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants
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Q1) Why are gymnosperms no longer restricted to moist environments,as are ferns and mosses?
A) Because they have a new adaptation, seeds, that allow gametes independence from water
B) Because they have a new adaptation, cones, that group gametes together
C) Because they have a new adaptation, vascular tissues, that allow for the transport of water
D) Because they have a new adaptation, lignin, that allows better transportation of water
Q2) Why must mosses live in moist environments?
A) Because they lack a waxy outer layer
B) Because they depend on water to reproduce
C) Because they grow as a mat
D) Because they are pollinated by fish and aquatic insects
Q3) Which statement related to gymnosperm reproduction is true?
A) Spores produce pollen grains, which contain sperm.
B) Two sperm are required to fertilize the ovule.
C) Many gymnosperms rely on insects for pollination.
D) Gymnosperm reproduction is so inefficient that gymnosperms do not grow very tall or live for very long.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Biodiversity 3: Animals
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Sample Questions
Q1) All vertebrates have ________.
A) hair and a backbone
B) a skull and a backbone
C) four limbs and a backbone
D) scales and a backbone
Q2) Worms all appear to be closely related but have distinct evolutionary histories,resulting in the classification of worms into ________ phyla.
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Q3) Which group of fishes gave rise to the amphibians?
A) Ray-finned fishes
B) Lobe-finned fishes
C) Cartilaginous fishes
D) Jawless fishes
Q4) Parasites have often been described incorrectly as having "devolved" from a more highly evolved organism.Why would it be more accurate to say that they are just as evolved as any other organism?
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Chapter 11: Human Body Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the purpose of dialysis treatments?
A) To constrict blood vessels to prevent death from anaphylactic shock
B) To detoxify dangerous chemicals in the bloodstream
C) To replenish oxygen in the bloodstream
D) To keep the airways open so one can breathe
Q2) What is the role of the epithelium?
A) Helps protect the body from the external environment
B) Transmits electrical signals throughout the body
C) Contracts to create body movement
D) Provides the padding between the joints
Q3) An essential nutrient is specifically a nutrient that your body ________.
A) needs to grow
B) needs to function
C) cannot make by itself
D) cannot store
Q4) Scurvy is caused by a lack of which nutrient?
A) Calcium
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin C
D) Omega-3 fatty acid
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Ecology
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Sample Questions
Q1) A wolf eats a rabbit that eats grass.The wolf is a(n)________.
A) consumer
B) detritivore
C) producer
D) autotroph
Q2) The practice of "eating down the food chain" refers to eating more plant material and less herbivores.Explain how this is a more efficient use of energy.
Q3) The buildup of soil on bare rock by the decomposition of early colonizers is characteristic of ________ succession.
A) primary
B) ecological
C) opportunistic
D) secondary
Q4) Some species require a large and diverse range.Although it may not significantly decrease the overall size of the range,how might fragmenting the range with a freeway or neighborhood lead to the extinction of the entire population,even if sufficient food is available in either region to sustain two smaller populations? Suggest a compromise that would allow the population to survive and allow for the road project or neighborhood.
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